Exam 7: Learning

In Aldous Huxley's Brave New World,infants develop a fear of books after books are repeatedly presented with a loud noise.In this fictional example,the loud noise is a(n)

When a person has linked a neutral stimulus and an unconditioned stimulus so that now the neutral stimulus triggers the conditioned response,________ has occurred.

Working hard every day of the year for the gratification of a bonus paycheck at the end of the year best illustrates the impact of ________ on behavior.

A small-town radio disc jockey frequently announces how much money is currently in a jackpot.Every day several randomly selected residents are called and asked to identify the amount,and thereby win it.Those who keep track of the jackpot amount are most likely to be reinforced on a ________ schedule.

Which of the following is NOT a process of classical conditioning that Pavlov explored?

Because of the discomfort and embarrassment associated with his childhood bed-wetting,Andrew becomes nervous whenever he senses an urge to urinate.If genital arousal subsequently makes Andrew unusually anxious,this would best illustrate

A partial reinforcement schedule that reinforces a response that occurs after a specified time has elapsed is a ________ schedule.

Positive reinforcers ________ the rate of operant responding,and negative reinforcers ________ the rate of operant responding.

Which form of learning makes dieting especially difficult?

Tennis instruction that reinforces soft,short lobs over the net before attempting to reinforce hard,long,cross-court hits best illustrates the process of

The views of learning advanced by Ivan Pavlov and John B.Watson underestimated the importance of

Punishment is a potentially hazardous way for teachers to control young children's behaviors because

Comedian-writer Mark Malkoff reported that his fear of flying faded after he faced his fear and lived on an airplane for 30 days.His reduction of fear best illustrated the process of

The work of ________ has been used to restrain television violence,reduce unplanned childbearing,protect against AIDS,and promote environmental conservation.

Shelly,a graduate student,is using rats in her experiments on learning.She has found that the rats respond more and more frequently as the time approaches when their response will produce a reinforcer.What reinforcement schedule is she likely using?

The infant Albert developed a fear of rats after a white rat was associated with a loud noise.In this example,fear of the white rat was the

When Evie saw that her classmates got the teacher's attention after asking questions in class,Evie started asking questions in class.This best illustrates the impact of

The rapid transmission of fads and fashions best illustrates the impact of

On the first day of class,Professor Wallace tells her geography students that pop quizzes will be given at unpredictable times throughout the semester.Clearly,studying for Professor Wallace's surprise quizzes will be reinforced on a ________ schedule.

After he completed his research involving classical conditioning and Little Albert,Watson