Question 1

What is the half-life of PPIs?

Accepted Answer

A) Less than an hour 
B) Less than 2 hours 
C) Less than 3 hours 
D) Less than 4 hours 
A) Less than an hour 
B) Less than 2 hours 
C) Less than 3 hours 
D) Less than 4 hours

Question 2

Histamine-2 antagonists,such as ranitidine (Zantac)and famotidine (Pepcid),are still used to treat duodenal and gastric ulcers and lately have been used to treat heartburn as OTC products.When used OTC,the clinician should recommend that adults,elderly,and children older than 12 years:

Accepted Answer

A) Take doses 15 minutes to an hour before eating but no more than two doses per day. 
B) Take a dose when heartburn is a problem and do so every 4 hours. 
C) Only take the medicine at night when they are lying down. 
D) Take the medicine first thing in the morning because it will last all day. 
A) Take doses 15 minutes to an hour before eating but no more than two doses per day. 
B) Take a dose when heartburn is a problem and do so every 4 hours. 
C) Only take the medicine at night when they are lying down. 
D) Take the medicine first thing in the morning because it will last all day.

Question 3

What is the half-life of cytoprotective agents such as misoprostol (Cytotec)?

Accepted Answer

A) 5 to 15 minutes 
B) 20 to 40 minutes 
C) 60 to 120 minutes 
D) 4 to 6 hours 
A) 5 to 15 minutes 
B) 20 to 40 minutes 
C) 60 to 120 minutes 
D) 4 to 6 hours

Question 4

The class of drugs known as 5-ASA initiates activity in the GI tract by:

Accepted Answer

A) Being acted upon by a stomach acid creating an acidic pH environment. 
B) Being acted upon by bacteria in the colon. 
C) Being acted upon by gastric enzymes. 
D) Being absorbed passively into the bloodstream. 
A) Being acted upon by a stomach acid creating an acidic pH environment. 
B) Being acted upon by bacteria in the colon. 
C) Being acted upon by gastric enzymes. 
D) Being absorbed passively into the bloodstream.

Question 5

What is the half-life of histamine-2 receptor antagonists?

Accepted Answer

A) 1 to 2 hours 
B) 2 to 3 hours 
C) 3 to 4 hours 
D) 4 to 5 hours 
A) 1 to 2 hours 
B) 2 to 3 hours 
C) 3 to 4 hours 
D) 4 to 5 hours

Question 6

If a patient asks how does the 5-HT receptor antagonist ondansetron (Zofran)act on the body to stop the nausea of cancer chemotherapy,you can simply state that it is an agent that is able to:

Accepted Answer

A) Return the acidity in your stomach back to normal limits. 
B) Block central nervous system trigger zones so that nausea cannot be induced. 
C) Act somewhat as an antihistamine might act. 
D) Slow the natural wave motion of the stomach and intestine to make it less sensitive. 
A) Return the acidity in your stomach back to normal limits. 
B) Block central nervous system trigger zones so that nausea cannot be induced. 
C) Act somewhat as an antihistamine might act. 
D) Slow the natural wave motion of the stomach and intestine to make it less sensitive.

Question 7

Although they have been popular for centuries,patients taking plant-based laxatives,such as senna and cascara sagrada,should be advised that:

Accepted Answer

A) Color of the feces will turn bright red. 
B) Color of the urine will turn red-brown if used extensively. 
C) Theses agents can induce a rash on the face. 
D) These agents can interfere with oral diabetes drugs. 
A) Color of the feces will turn bright red. 
B) Color of the urine will turn red-brown if used extensively. 
C) Theses agents can induce a rash on the face. 
D) These agents can interfere with oral diabetes drugs.

Question 8

The popular OTC preparations sold as Tums and Rolaids contain which of the following ingredients?

Accepted Answer

A) Cimetadine 
B) Calcium carbonate 
C) Magnesium sulfate 
D) Magaldrate 
A) Cimetadine 
B) Calcium carbonate 
C) Magnesium sulfate 
D) Magaldrate

Question 9

How much more potent is famotidine (Pepcid)compared to cimetidine (Tagamet)in controlling gastric acid secretion?

Accepted Answer

A) 10 to 30 times 
B) 20 to 40 times 
C) 30 to 60 times 
D) 40 to 70 times 
A) 10 to 30 times 
B) 20 to 40 times 
C) 30 to 60 times 
D) 40 to 70 times

Question 10

When should PPIs be taken?

Accepted Answer

A) Before breakfast 
B) After lunch 
C) During dinner 
D) Before sleeping 
A) Before breakfast 
B) After lunch 
C) During dinner 
D) Before sleeping

Question 11

Patients commonly take PPIs for long periods and way beyond recommend use for treating a peptic ulcer.The U.S.Food and Drug Administration (FDA)has determined that people who take them continuously for as long as a year are subject to:

Accepted Answer

A) Cancer of liver and bladder. 
B) Hair loss. 
C) Increased fractures of wrist,hip,and spine. 
D) Damage to liver and spleen. 
A) Cancer of liver and bladder. 
B) Hair loss. 
C) Increased fractures of wrist,hip,and spine. 
D) Damage to liver and spleen.

Question 12

By how much do PPIs reduce gastric acid?

Accepted Answer

A) 70% 
B) 80% 
C) 90% 
D) More than 90% 
A) 70% 
B) 80% 
C) 90% 
D) More than 90%

Question 13

Which of the following should not be administered for more than 6 weeks because it is an agent of high risk for inducing serious extrapyramidal symptoms?

Accepted Answer

A) misoprostol (Cytotec) 
B) sucralfate (Carafate) 
C) metoclopramide (Reglan) 
D) mesalamine (Asacol) 
A) misoprostol (Cytotec) 
B) sucralfate (Carafate) 
C) metoclopramide (Reglan) 
D) mesalamine (Asacol)

Question 14

How much more potent is ranitidine (Zantac)compared to cimetidine (Tagamet)?

Accepted Answer

A) 1 to 7 times 
B) 5 to 12 times 
C) 7 to 14 times 
D) 8 to 16 times 
A) 1 to 7 times 
B) 5 to 12 times 
C) 7 to 14 times 
D) 8 to 16 times

Question 15

Which of the following substances decreases the absorption of histamine-2 blockers,such as cimetidine,and causes increased gastric secretions because of the decreased absorption?

Accepted Answer

A) Grapefruit juice 
B) Smoking 
C) Bananas 
D) White bread 
A) Grapefruit juice 
B) Smoking 
C) Bananas 
D) White bread

Question 16

Which of the following agents would you suggest to help someone with a mild case of constipation?

Accepted Answer

A) prochlorperazine (Compazine) 
B) meclizine (Antiver,Bonine) 
C) scopolamine (Scopace) 
D) docusate (Colace) 
A) prochlorperazine (Compazine) 
B) meclizine (Antiver,Bonine) 
C) scopolamine (Scopace) 
D) docusate (Colace)

Question 17

At least how many milliequivalents must antacids neutralize per dose?

Accepted Answer

A) 1 mEq 
B) 3 mEq 
C) 5 mEq 
D) 10 mEq 
A) 1 mEq 
B) 3 mEq 
C) 5 mEq 
D) 10 mEq

Question 18

Which of the following would you recommend to treat the nausea and vomiting induced as a side effect of a prescription drug?

Accepted Answer

A) sulfasalazine (Azulfadine) 
B) prochlorperazine (Compazine) 
C) scopalamine (Scopace) 
D) meclazine (Bonine) 
A) sulfasalazine (Azulfadine) 
B) prochlorperazine (Compazine) 
C) scopalamine (Scopace) 
D) meclazine (Bonine)

Question 19

Loperamide (Imodium)inhibits peristalsis by a direct effect on the circular and longitudinal muscles of the intestinal wall.It also reduces fecal volume,increases viscosity and bulk,and diminishes the loss of fluid and electrolytes.However,its great advantage as an antidiarrheal over the old use of opiates is that it:

Accepted Answer

A) Is cheap to produce. 
B) Has no side effects attributed to taking opiates,such as euphoria and addiction. 
C) Makes people forget the discomfort of diarrhea. 
D) Is effective in very small,one-time doses. 
A) Is cheap to produce. 
B) Has no side effects attributed to taking opiates,such as euphoria and addiction. 
C) Makes people forget the discomfort of diarrhea. 
D) Is effective in very small,one-time doses.

Question 20

In patients with gastroesophogeal reflux disease (GERD),how long after eating does relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter occur?

Accepted Answer

A) 15 to 30 minutes 
B) 30 to 45 minutes 
C) 1 to 2 hours 
D) 2 to 3 hours 
A) 15 to 30 minutes 
B) 30 to 45 minutes 
C) 1 to 2 hours 
D) 2 to 3 hours

Exam 11: Drugs Used in the Treatment of Common Disorders of the Gastrointestinal System

What is the half-life of PPIs?

Histamine-2 antagonists,such as ranitidine (Zantac)and famotidine (Pepcid),are still used to treat duodenal and gastric ulcers and lately have been used to treat heartburn as OTC products.When used OTC,the clinician should recommend that adults,elderly,and children older than 12 years:

What is the half-life of cytoprotective agents such as misoprostol (Cytotec)?

The class of drugs known as 5-ASA initiates activity in the GI tract by:

What is the half-life of histamine-2 receptor antagonists?

If a patient asks how does the 5-HT receptor antagonist ondansetron (Zofran)act on the body to stop the nausea of cancer chemotherapy,you can simply state that it is an agent that is able to:

Although they have been popular for centuries,patients taking plant-based laxatives,such as senna and cascara sagrada,should be advised that:

The popular OTC preparations sold as Tums and Rolaids contain which of the following ingredients?

How much more potent is famotidine (Pepcid)compared to cimetidine (Tagamet)in controlling gastric acid secretion?

When should PPIs be taken?

Patients commonly take PPIs for long periods and way beyond recommend use for treating a peptic ulcer.The U.S.Food and Drug Administration (FDA)has determined that people who take them continuously for as long as a year are subject to:

By how much do PPIs reduce gastric acid?

Which of the following should not be administered for more than 6 weeks because it is an agent of high risk for inducing serious extrapyramidal symptoms?

How much more potent is ranitidine (Zantac)compared to cimetidine (Tagamet)?

Which of the following substances decreases the absorption of histamine-2 blockers,such as cimetidine,and causes increased gastric secretions because of the decreased absorption?

Which of the following agents would you suggest to help someone with a mild case of constipation?

At least how many milliequivalents must antacids neutralize per dose?

Which of the following would you recommend to treat the nausea and vomiting induced as a side effect of a prescription drug?

In patients with gastroesophogeal reflux disease (GERD),how long after eating does relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter occur?

Conscientious and Rational Prescribing in the 21st Century

An Introduction to Pharmacodynamics and Pharmacokinetics

Communicating With Patients About Medications: a Patient-Centered Approach

Drugs Used in the Treatment of Bone and Joint Disorders

Drugs Used in the Treatment of Eye and Ear Disorders

Drugs Used in the Treatment of Cardiovascular Disorders

Drugs Used to Regulate Blood Pressure

Drugs Used in the Treatment of Hyperlipidemias

Drugs Used in the Treatment of Blood Disorders

Drugs Used in the Treatment of Pulmonary Diseases and Disorders

Drugs Used to Treat Endocrine Gland Disorders

Drugs Used in the Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus

Drugs Used to Treat Common Neurological Conditions

Practical Pharmacotherapy of Drugs Used to Treat Psychiatric Disorders

Drugs Used in the Treatment of Skin Disorders

Modern Approaches to Managing Bacterial Infections

Drugs Used in the Treatment of Nonbacterial Infections

Drugs Used in the Treatment of Neoplasms

Drugs Used to Affect Womens Health

Drugs Used to Affect Mens Health

Prescribing for the Geriatric Patient

Prescribing for the Pediatric Patient

Drugs Used to Manage Pain

The Integrative Medicine Pharmacopoeia: Herbals, vitamins, and Dietary Supplements

Agents Used to Manipulate the Immune Response

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