Exam 30: Microbial Interactions

An animal in which all of the microorganisms present are known is called ____________.

The average adult carries 10 times more microbial cells (10¹⁴) than human cells (average about 10¹³).

Microbes such as Lactobacillus acidophilus colonize the human vagina by fermenting

Which of the following would you expect to find in the tonsilar crypts?

____________ is a beneficial relationship similar to mutualism, in which the relationship is not obligatory.

The reason coral reefs are among the most productive and successful ecosystems is due to

The oral cavity of humans normally becomes colonized with microorganisms within hours after birth.

In a lichen, the fungal partner

Infectivity is the ability to produce pathologic changes or disease.

Many anaerobic gram-negative bacteria are normally found in the duodenum.

A close physical relationship between two different species that may or may not be beneficial is called __________.

In mutualism

________________ is a predator that bores a hole through the outer membrane of its gram-negative bacterial prey and then reproduces in the periplasm.

A species of bacterium associated with the oil glands of the skin belongs to the genus

When members of the normal microbiota of the human body become pathogenic and produce disease under certain circumstances, they are referred to as ______________ pathogens.

The specialized structure in a tube worm in which endosymbiotic, chemolithotrophic bacteria live is called a(n) __________.

____________ arises when different microbes within a population or community try to acquire the same resource.

In lichens, the fungi send projections of their hyphae across the algal cell wall in order to obtain nutrients from the photosynthetic partner. These projections are called

The term ____________ is used to describe a mutually beneficial association in which the growth of an organism is dependent on one or more growth factors, nutrients, or substrates provided by another organism in the same vicinity.

The lungs are protected from microorganisms by