Question 1

Shrinkage of the plasma membrane away from the cell wall when the bacterium is placed in a hypertonic environment is called

Accepted Answer

A)  osmolysis. 
B)  plasmolysis. 
C)  hydrolysis. 
D)  hypertonolysis. 
A)  osmolysis. 
B)  plasmolysis. 
C)  hydrolysis. 
D)  hypertonolysis. B

Question 2

Bacterial cells that are variable in shape are called

Accepted Answer

A)  vibrio. 
B)  pleomorphic. 
C)  coccobacilli. 
D)  hyphal. 
A)  vibrio. 
B)  pleomorphic. 
C)  coccobacilli. 
D)  hyphal. B

Question 3

Bacterial flagella are composed of three parts: the ______ body, which is embedded in the cell, the hook, and the _______, which is the longest part of the flagellum.

Accepted Answer

basal, filament

Question 4

During the assembly of the flagellar filament, the flagellin protein monomers assemble at the cell proximal base of the flagellum.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Sortase is a protein enzyme of bacteria that

Accepted Answer

A)  plays a key role in directing proteins to the periplasm. 
B)  catalyzes covalent attachment of some surface proteins to peptidoglycan. 
C)  directs secretion of proteins across the outer membrane. 
D)  functions by transporting flagellum proteins to their extracellular site of assembly. 
A)  plays a key role in directing proteins to the periplasm. 
B)  catalyzes covalent attachment of some surface proteins to peptidoglycan. 
C)  directs secretion of proteins across the outer membrane. 
D)  functions by transporting flagellum proteins to their extracellular site of assembly.

Question 6

_______ are the site of protein synthesis in the cell.

Accepted Answer

The answer of _______ are the site of protein synthesis...

Question 7

Although penicillin inhibits peptidoglycan synthesis, bacterial cells will continue to grow normally in the presence of penicillin in a(n) __________ environment.

Accepted Answer

A)  hypotonic 
B)  isotonic 
C)  hypertonic 
D)  nonpolar 
A)  hypotonic 
B)  isotonic 
C)  hypertonic 
D)  nonpolar

Question 8

Some species of aquatic bacteria use inclusion bodies known as ________ to orient themselves in Earth's magnetic field.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Some species of aquatic bacteria use inclusion...

Question 9

Bacterial and archaeal ribosomes are known as _____ ribosomes, based on their sedimentation coefficient.

Accepted Answer

A)  50S 
B)  30S 
C)  80S 
D)  70S 
A)  50S 
B)  30S 
C)  80S 
D)  70S

Question 10

The cell membrane is a rigid structure that provides bacteria with their characteristic shapes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

__________ is the main part of the process through which a vegetative cell is formed from an endospore.

Accepted Answer

The answer of __________ is the main part of the...

Question 12

Chemotaxis is a process by which bacteria

Accepted Answer

A)  move toward an attractant or away from a repellent. 
B)  avoid phagocytosis. 
C)  respond metabolically to the presence of autoinducer molecules. 
D)  move on solid surfaces by means of type IV fimbriae. 
A)  move toward an attractant or away from a repellent. 
B)  avoid phagocytosis. 
C)  respond metabolically to the presence of autoinducer molecules. 
D)  move on solid surfaces by means of type IV fimbriae.

Question 13

Matching: Match the definition with the word.
1) monotrichous
2) peritrichous
3) lophotrichous
4) amphitrichous
a. a single flagellum
b. a single flagellum at each pole of an organism
c. a cluster of flagella at one or both ends of an organism
d. a relatively even distribution of flagella over the entire surface of the bacterium

Accepted Answer

The answer of Matching: Match the definition with the word.
1)...

Question 14

The cytoplasmic membrane of bacteria

Accepted Answer

A)  retains the cytoplasm and its contents. 
B)  acts as a selectively permeable barrier, allowing some molecules to pass while preventing the movement of others. 
C)  is the major site of ATP synthesis in aerobes. 
D)  all of the choices 
A)  retains the cytoplasm and its contents. 
B)  acts as a selectively permeable barrier, allowing some molecules to pass while preventing the movement of others. 
C)  is the major site of ATP synthesis in aerobes. 
D)  all of the choices

Question 15

Cell walls of most Archaea and bacteria contain peptidoglycan.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

The rotation of bacterial flagella is powered by ATP hydrolysis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

The term used to describe bacteria that are rod shaped is

Accepted Answer

A)  coccus. 
B)  bacillus. 
C)  vibrio. 
D)  coccobacillus. 
A)  coccus. 
B)  bacillus. 
C)  vibrio. 
D)  coccobacillus.

Question 18

The type III bacterial protein secretion machinery:

Accepted Answer

A)  has a needlelike structure through which proteins are secreted. 
B)  includes structural features that may be evolutionarily related to the basal bodies of bacterial flagella. 
C)  is found in gram-negative bacteria. 
D)  all of the choices are correct 
A)  has a needlelike structure through which proteins are secreted. 
B)  includes structural features that may be evolutionarily related to the basal bodies of bacterial flagella. 
C)  is found in gram-negative bacteria. 
D)  all of the choices are correct

Question 19

Bacteria have a region of the cytoplasm known as the __________, which is not bounded by a membrane but contains the chromosome.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Bacteria have a region of the cytoplasm...

Question 20

Bacteria growing at lower temperatures have more saturated fatty acids in their membranes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 3: Bacteria and Archaea

Shrinkage of the plasma membrane away from the cell wall when the bacterium is placed in a hypertonic environment is called

Bacterial cells that are variable in shape are called

Bacterial flagella are composed of three parts: the ______ body, which is embedded in the cell, the hook, and the _______, which is the longest part of the flagellum.

During the assembly of the flagellar filament, the flagellin protein monomers assemble at the cell proximal base of the flagellum.

Sortase is a protein enzyme of bacteria that

_______ are the site of protein synthesis in the cell.

Although penicillin inhibits peptidoglycan synthesis, bacterial cells will continue to grow normally in the presence of penicillin in a(n) __________ environment.

Some species of aquatic bacteria use inclusion bodies known as ________ to orient themselves in Earth's magnetic field.

Bacterial and archaeal ribosomes are known as _____ ribosomes, based on their sedimentation coefficient.

The cell membrane is a rigid structure that provides bacteria with their characteristic shapes.

__________ is the main part of the process through which a vegetative cell is formed from an endospore.

Chemotaxis is a process by which bacteria

The cytoplasmic membrane of bacteria

Cell walls of most Archaea and bacteria contain peptidoglycan.

The rotation of bacterial flagella is powered by ATP hydrolysis.

The term used to describe bacteria that are rod shaped is

The type III bacterial protein secretion machinery:

Bacteria have a region of the cytoplasm known as the __________, which is not bounded by a membrane but contains the chromosome.

Bacteria growing at lower temperatures have more saturated fatty acids in their membranes.

The Evolution of Microorganisms and Microbiology

The Study of Microbial Structure: Microscopy and Specimen Preparation

Eukaryotic Cell Structure and Function

Viruses and Other Acellular Infectious Agents

Microbial Nutrition

Microbial Growth

Control of Microorganisms in the Environment

Introduction to Metabolism

Catabolism Energy Release and Conservation

Anabolism the Use of Energy in Biosynthesis

Genes Structure, Replication, and Expression

Microbial Genetics Regulation of Gene Expression

Microbial Genetics Mechanisms of Genetic Variation

Recombinant Dna Technology

Microbial Genomics

Microbial Taxonomy and the Evolution of Diversity

The Archaea

Bacteria the Deinococci and Nonproteobacteria Gram Negatives

Bacteria the Proteobacteria

Bacteria the Low G+C Gram Positives

Bacteria the High G+C Gram Positives

The Protists

The Fungi Eumycota

The Viruses

Biogeochemical Cycling

Methods in Microbial Ecology

Microorganisms in Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems

Microorganisms in Terrestrial Ecosystems

Microbial Interactions

Infection and Pathogenicity

Nonspecific Innate Host Resistance

Specific Adaptive Immunity

Antimicrobial Chemotherapy

Clinical Microbiology and Immunology

Epidemiology and Public Health Microbiology

Human Diseases Caused by Viruses and Prions

Human Diseases Caused by Bacteria

Human Diseases Caused by Fungi and Protists

Microbiology of Food

Industrial Microbiology

Applied Environmental Microbiology

Filters

Bacterial flagella are composed of three parts: the body, which is embedded in the cell, the hook, and the _, which is the longest part of the flagellum.