Exam 1: The Evolution of Microorganisms and Microbiology

__________ microbiology involves the use of microorganisms to make products such as antibiotics, vaccines, steroids, alcohols, vitamins, amino acids, and enzymes.

Old cultures of bacteria that have lost their ability to cause disease are said to be

The branch of microbiology that deals with the mechanisms by which the human body protects itself from disease-causing organisms is called __________.

The usefulness of agar in solidifying microbiological growth media is limited because it does not remain solid at temperatures about 28^oC.

Agastino Bassi demonstrated that a type of silkworm disease was caused by a fungus and proposed that many diseases are caused by microorganisms.

The branch of microbiology that deals with diseases of humans and animals is called __________ microbiology.

Proteins function in modern cells as

Cells with a relatively complex morphology that have a true membrane-delimited nucleus are called

M. J. Berkeley demonstrated that the great potato blight of Ireland was caused by a fungus.

Who of the following first discovered that some blood leukocytes could engulf disease-causing bacteria?

Koch's postulates were instrumental in establishing that Mycobacterium leprae is the cause of leprosy.

Antiseptic surgery was pioneered by

Viruses and bacteria were first cultured in the laboratory at about the same time.

The criteria for establishing a causative link between a particular microorganism and a particular disease were first proposed by Jacob Henle.

Whose work on spontaneous generation first demonstrated the existence of a very heat-resistant form of bacteria that are called endospores?

Edward Jenner's work in preventing rabies led to the use of the term vaccination to describe a type of procedure used in the prevention of disease.

Who is credited with developing a vaccine against chicken cholera?

Fanny Hesse first suggested that agar be used to solidify microbiological media.

Viruses constitute the fourth domain of life in current biological classification schemes.

Microorganisms contain 50% of the biological carbon and 90% of the biological nitrogen on Earth.