Exam 12: Genes Structure, Replication, and Expression

Which of the following individuals or groups of individuals demonstrated that the transforming principle was DNA?

All prokaryotes initiate the synthesis of proteins with formylmethionine.

Proteins that recognize unfolded polypeptides and help them fold into their proper conformations are called ______________.

Key sequences exist within promoters, which vary somewhat among various promoters but are sufficiently constant that they can be represented by a sequence of bases most often found at each position. These representations are called __________ sequences.

The transcribed and translated region of a gene is the __________ region.

Some microbial proteins are spliced after translation in a reaction that results in removal of one or more internal intervening sequences called inteins.

In __________ ribosomes can attach to the mRNA and begin translation even though transcription has not been completed.

The transcribed, but not translated, sequence that is immediately upstream of the region and encodes the functional product is called the __________ region.

The Pribnow box of

The strand of DNA for a particular gene that is copied by the RNA polymerase to form mRNA is called the __________ strand.

Each chromosome has one or more __________ site(s) where replication begins.

The basic differences between RNA and DNA reside in their sugar and pyrimidine bases; RNA has ribose and uracil whereas DNA has deoxyribose and thymine.

The genetic code is said to be __________ because more than one codon will specify a particular amino acid.

When RNA polymerase catalyzes the addition of a nucleotide to a growing mRNA chain, a byproduct of this reaction is

During replication the 2 strands of the DNA molecule are unwound from one another by enzymes called

The unexpressed regions of split genes are called

A bacterial __________ is the nontranscribed region of the DNA to which RNA polymerase binds in order to initiate transcription.

Ribosomes consist of __________ separate subunits that come together as part of the initiation process and dissociate immediately after termination.

The energy needed for protein synthesis is provided by the hydrolysis of

On mRNA molecules, a nontranslated sequence called the ___________ usually precedes the initiation codon.