Exam 25: Fluid and Electrolytes

The hormone ANP

When pH decreases, the kidney responds by

In elderly individuals, 75% of body weight is made up of fluid.

Which of the following does not turn off the thirst center of the brain?

Low levels of calcium within cells are maintained by

The high metabolic rate of infants puts them at increased risk of metabolic

The bicarbonate system is composed of H₂CO₃ and HCO^-₃. Which statement accurately describes these molecules?

If someone begins to hyperventilate due to anxiety, the CO₂ concentration in their blood decreases; this causes ________ in blood pH.

The plasma of our blood constitutes ________ than half of the fluid in our body; plasma is part of the ________ fluid.

Distention of the stomach causes thirst to

Insulin causes blood plasma levels of potassium to ________ by ________ activity of the Na⁺/K⁺ pumps.

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is synthesized in the ________ and released from the ________.

Severe diarrhea results in the increased elimination of

When compared with the effects of blood pressure and osmolarity on fluid intake, the effects of saliva and stomach distention are

Angiotensin II causes a(n)

Excessive intake of alcohol leads to respiratory alkalosis.

When comparing two individuals of the same body weight, the one with more muscle and less fat will have a higher percentage of fluid in their body.

In order for a state of fluid balance to be achieved, obligatory water loss must equal facultative water loss.

A substance that dissociates in water to form cations and anions is called a nonelectrolyte.

To buffer the body's extracellular fluid compartment, dihydrogen phosphate acts as a strong base and prevents acidosis of the plasma.