Question 1

In a study that examined the amount of time male and female newborns looked at human faces and at mobiles, results demonstrated that:

Accepted Answer

A) both male and female infants primarily looked at mobiles. 
B) both male and female infants primarily looked at faces. 
C) male infants looked longer at mobiles and female infants interacted longer at faces. 
D) female infants looked longer at mobiles and male infants looked longer at faces. 
A) both male and female infants primarily looked at mobiles. 
B) both male and female infants primarily looked at faces. 
C) male infants looked longer at mobiles and female infants interacted longer at faces. 
D) female infants looked longer at mobiles and male infants looked longer at faces.

Question 2

Which of the following statements about Bandura's social learning theory is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

A) Bandura's theory emphasized the role of cognitive aspects of learning. 
B) Bandura's theory held that direct reinforcement is required for learning. 
C) Bandura's theory focused on role of observations of others. 
D) Bandura's theory acknowledged the active role children play in their own development. 
A) Bandura's theory emphasized the role of cognitive aspects of learning. 
B) Bandura's theory held that direct reinforcement is required for learning. 
C) Bandura's theory focused on role of observations of others. 
D) Bandura's theory acknowledged the active role children play in their own development.

Question 3

Social cognitive theories are considered somewhat incomplete because they fail to:

Accepted Answer

A) discuss the role of biological factors in development. 
B) see children as actively involved in their own development. 
C) fully account for cognitive factors. 
D) have any real-world implications. 
A) discuss the role of biological factors in development. 
B) see children as actively involved in their own development. 
C) fully account for cognitive factors. 
D) have any real-world implications.

Question 4

Which personality structure is considered the conscience?

Accepted Answer

A) ego 
B) id 
C) superego 
D) subego 
A) ego 
B) id 
C) superego 
D) subego

Question 5

One of the most notable contributions of social cognitive theories is that they:

Accepted Answer

A) can advise parents on how to deal with children's problematic behavior. 
B) view the effect of children's social experience as dependent on their interpretations of the experiences. 
C) focus on the role of the unconscious. 
D) concentrate on the influence of biological factors on development. 
A) can advise parents on how to deal with children's problematic behavior. 
B) view the effect of children's social experience as dependent on their interpretations of the experiences. 
C) focus on the role of the unconscious. 
D) concentrate on the influence of biological factors on development.

Question 6

Which of the following statements about media and children is true?

Accepted Answer

A) Media violence has been found to have little impact on children's aggressive behavior. 
B) It is still unclear whether media violence has an impact on children's aggressive behavior. 
C) The evidence is clear that media violence has an immediate but not long-term effect on children's aggressive behavior. 
D) The evidence is clear that media violence has both an immediate effect and a long-term effect on children's aggressive behavior. 
A) Media violence has been found to have little impact on children's aggressive behavior. 
B) It is still unclear whether media violence has an impact on children's aggressive behavior. 
C) The evidence is clear that media violence has an immediate but not long-term effect on children's aggressive behavior. 
D) The evidence is clear that media violence has both an immediate effect and a long-term effect on children's aggressive behavior.

Question 7

In Freud's theory, the biologically based, instinctual drives that inspire behavior, thoughts, and feelings are referred to as:

Accepted Answer

A) motivational orientation. 
B) psychic energy. 
C) erogenous zones. 
D) intuition. 
A) motivational orientation. 
B) psychic energy. 
C) erogenous zones. 
D) intuition.

Question 8

Seth and his preschool friend frequently dump all the books off the bookshelf in the classroom. One day, Seth observes his friend being punished by their preschool teacher after she saw his friend dumping the books. After seeing his friend punished, Seth never again dumps books off the bookshelf. Seth has learned through:

Accepted Answer

A) imitation. 
B) punishment. 
C) vicarious reinforcement. 
D) reciprocal determinism. 
A) imitation. 
B) punishment. 
C) vicarious reinforcement. 
D) reciprocal determinism.

Question 9

According to Erikson, when parents support their toddlers' development of self-control without instigating a loss of self-esteem, toddlers will develop a sense of:

Accepted Answer

A) industry. 
B) autonomy. 
C) trust. 
D) initiative. 
A) industry. 
B) autonomy. 
C) trust. 
D) initiative.

Question 10

Ethology refers to:

Accepted Answer

A) the study of behavior within an evolutionary context. 
B) the maintaining of ethical research standards during psychological study. 
C) the basis for bioecological models of human development. 
D) the unintentional maltreatment of children. 
A) the study of behavior within an evolutionary context. 
B) the maintaining of ethical research standards during psychological study. 
C) the basis for bioecological models of human development. 
D) the unintentional maltreatment of children.

Question 11

According to Freud, the pleasure principle is the goal of:

Accepted Answer

A) achieving gratification within societal norms. 
B) finding security in a parental figure. 
C) the mother to please the child. 
D) achieving maximal gratification maximally quickly. 
A) achieving gratification within societal norms. 
B) finding security in a parental figure. 
C) the mother to please the child. 
D) achieving maximal gratification maximally quickly.

Question 12

Ethological theorists hypothesize that the play preferences of males and females are due to:

Accepted Answer

A) parents' encouragement. 
B) evolved predispositions. 
C) imprinting. 
D) the desire to be like others of the same sex. 
A) parents' encouragement. 
B) evolved predispositions. 
C) imprinting. 
D) the desire to be like others of the same sex.

Question 13

According to Selman, 6- to 8-year-old children:

Accepted Answer

A) believe that others' different perspectives stem from possession of different knowledge. 
B) realize that others have different perspectives and are able to think about others' points of view. 
C) are able to systematically compare their own and another person's points of view. 
D) attempt to understand others' views by comparing them to the generalized other. 
E) believe that others cannot have a different perspective from their own. 
A) believe that others' different perspectives stem from possession of different knowledge. 
B) realize that others have different perspectives and are able to think about others' points of view. 
C) are able to systematically compare their own and another person's points of view. 
D) attempt to understand others' views by comparing them to the generalized other. 
E) believe that others cannot have a different perspective from their own.

Question 14

Freud theorized that individuals' development is propelled by:

Accepted Answer

A) their instinctual drives. 
B) the contexts in which they live. 
C) interpretations of their parents' behavior. 
D) their attributional biases. 
A) their instinctual drives. 
B) the contexts in which they live. 
C) interpretations of their parents' behavior. 
D) their attributional biases.

Question 15

According to Erikson, if adolescents do not successfully develop a core sense of identity, they will experience:

Accepted Answer

A) mistrust. 
B) role confusion. 
C) isolation. 
D) shame and doubt. 
A) mistrust. 
B) role confusion. 
C) isolation. 
D) shame and doubt.

Question 16

Describe the conflict that characterizes each of the five stages of Erikson's theory. For each stage, describe what a successful resolution is as well as what an unsuccessful resolution is.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the conflict that characterizes each of...

Question 17

Bronfenbrenner was the founder of:

Accepted Answer

A) the bioecological model. 
B) the theory of social cognition. 
C) the psychosexual perspective. 
D) behaviorism. 
A) the bioecological model. 
B) the theory of social cognition. 
C) the psychosexual perspective. 
D) behaviorism.

Question 18

Which of the following statements about the contribution of psychoanalytic theories to psychology is true?

Accepted Answer

A) Psychoanalytic theories have yielded important practical applications, such as the procedure of systematic desensitization. 
B) The importance placed on subjective experience is now viewed as outdated. 
C) The specifics have been scientifically tested and
supported. 
D) The emphasis on early experience has endured into current views of development. 
A) Psychoanalytic theories have yielded important practical applications, such as the procedure of systematic desensitization. 
B) The importance placed on subjective experience is now viewed as outdated. 
C) The specifics have been scientifically tested and
supported. 
D) The emphasis on early experience has endured into current views of development.

Question 19

The superego is based on:

Accepted Answer

A) the reality principle. 
B) internalization of parents' standards for acceptable behavior. 
C) the pleasure principle. 
D) None of the answers is correct. 
A) the reality principle. 
B) internalization of parents' standards for acceptable behavior. 
C) the pleasure principle. 
D) None of the answers is correct.

Question 20

Who is the most common perpetrator of child maltreatment?

Accepted Answer

A) mothers 
B) fathers 
C) stepparents 
D) siblings 
E) teachers and paid caregivers 
A) mothers 
B) fathers 
C) stepparents 
D) siblings 
E) teachers and paid caregivers

In a study that examined the amount of time male and female newborns looked at human faces and at mobiles, results demonstrated that:

Which of the following statements about Bandura's social learning theory is NOT true?

Social cognitive theories are considered somewhat incomplete because they fail to:

Which personality structure is considered the conscience?

One of the most notable contributions of social cognitive theories is that they:

Which of the following statements about media and children is true?

In Freud's theory, the biologically based, instinctual drives that inspire behavior, thoughts, and feelings are referred to as:

According to Erikson, when parents support their toddlers' development of self-control without instigating a loss of self-esteem, toddlers will develop a sense of:

Ethology refers to:

According to Freud, the pleasure principle is the goal of:

Ethological theorists hypothesize that the play preferences of males and females are due to:

According to Selman, 6- to 8-year-old children:

Freud theorized that individuals' development is propelled by:

According to Erikson, if adolescents do not successfully develop a core sense of identity, they will experience:

Describe the conflict that characterizes each of the five stages of Erikson's theory. For each stage, describe what a successful resolution is as well as what an unsuccessful resolution is.

Bronfenbrenner was the founder of:

Which of the following statements about the contribution of psychoanalytic theories to psychology is true?

The superego is based on:

Who is the most common perpetrator of child maltreatment?

An Introduction to Child Development

Prenatal Development and the Newborn Period

Biology and Behavior

Theories of Cognitive Development

Perception, Action, and Learning in Infancy

Development of Language and Symbol Use

Conceptual Development

Intelligence and Academic Achievement

Emotional Development

Attachment to Others and Development of Self

The Family

Peer Relationships

Moral Development

Gender Development

Conclusions

Filters

Exam 9: Theories of Social Development

In a study that examined the amount of time male and female newborns looked at human faces and at mobiles, results demonstrated that:

Which of the following statements about Bandura's social learning theory is NOT true?

Social cognitive theories are considered somewhat incomplete because they fail to:

Which personality structure is considered the conscience?

One of the most notable contributions of social cognitive theories is that they:

Which of the following statements about media and children is true?

In Freud's theory, the biologically based, instinctual drives that inspire behavior, thoughts, and feelings are referred to as:

According to Erikson, when parents support their toddlers' development of self-control without instigating a loss of self-esteem, toddlers will develop a sense of:

Ethology refers to:

According to Freud, the pleasure principle is the goal of:

Ethological theorists hypothesize that the play preferences of males and females are due to:

According to Selman, 6- to 8-year-old children:

Freud theorized that individuals' development is propelled by:

According to Erikson, if adolescents do not successfully develop a core sense of identity, they will experience:

Describe the conflict that characterizes each of the five stages of Erikson's theory. For each stage, describe what a successful resolution is as well as what an unsuccessful resolution is.

Bronfenbrenner was the founder of:

Which of the following statements about the contribution of psychoanalytic theories to psychology is true?

The superego is based on:

Who is the most common perpetrator of child maltreatment?

An Introduction to Child Development

Prenatal Development and the Newborn Period

Biology and Behavior

Theories of Cognitive Development

Perception, Action, and Learning in Infancy

Development of Language and Symbol Use

Conceptual Development

Intelligence and Academic Achievement

Emotional Development

Attachment to Others and Development of Self

The Family

Peer Relationships

Moral Development

Gender Development

Conclusions

Filters