Question 1

Attachments are:

Accepted Answer

A) enduring emotional bonds formed by children to their primary caregivers. 
B) compulsive needs of children to hold security items, such as pacifiers and blankets. 
C) connections between siblings that are maintained throughout the life span. 
D) qualities that are central to one's identity. 
A) enduring emotional bonds formed by children to their primary caregivers. 
B) compulsive needs of children to hold security items, such as pacifiers and blankets. 
C) connections between siblings that are maintained throughout the life span. 
D) qualities that are central to one's identity.

Question 2

Darrell exhibits separation distress when his mother leaves and happily greets her when she returns. He uses her as a secure base and actively seeks out contact with his mother. Bowlby would consider Darrell to be in which phase of the development of attachment?

Accepted Answer

A) attachment-in-the-making 
B) reciprocal relationships 
C) preattachment 
D) clear-cut attachment 
A) attachment-in-the-making 
B) reciprocal relationships 
C) preattachment 
D) clear-cut attachment

Question 3

Securely attached infants are MOST likely to have parents whose own adult attachment status is:

Accepted Answer

A) dismissing. 
B) unresolved. 
C) preoccupied. 
D) autonomous. 
A) dismissing. 
B) unresolved. 
C) preoccupied. 
D) autonomous.

Question 4

Which of the following actions is NOT considered an indicator that a child has a developing sense of self?

Accepted Answer

A) demonstrating separation distress 
B) joint attention 
C) turning toward a noise 
D) showing happiness when controlling objects 
A) demonstrating separation distress 
B) joint attention 
C) turning toward a noise 
D) showing happiness when controlling objects

Question 5

As children enter adolescence, they tend to increasingly rely on which of the following influences to evaluate themselves?

Accepted Answer

A) peer evaluations 
B) parental evaluations 
C) teacher standards 
D) internalized standards 
A) peer evaluations 
B) parental evaluations 
C) teacher standards 
D) internalized standards

Question 6

Which of the following actions demonstrates that parental sensitivity causes secure attachment in children?

Accepted Answer

A) Parents who respond to their children's cries quickly are more likely than other parents to have children with secure attachments. 
B) Children who are temperamentally easy are more likely to have secure attachments to their caregivers. 
C) Parents who are taught to be responsive to their irritable children are more likely than parents who are not taught this to have children who are securely attached. 
D) Adults who were securely attached to their parents during their childhood are more likely than other adults to have children with secure attachments. 
A) Parents who respond to their children's cries quickly are more likely than other parents to have children with secure attachments. 
B) Children who are temperamentally easy are more likely to have secure attachments to their caregivers. 
C) Parents who are taught to be responsive to their irritable children are more likely than parents who are not taught this to have children who are securely attached. 
D) Adults who were securely attached to their parents during their childhood are more likely than other adults to have children with secure attachments.

Question 7

Diego is a Mexican-American adolescent who has not examined his ethnicity and is not particularly interested in it. Diego is in which of the following phases of ethnic-identity development?

Accepted Answer

A) bicultural identity 
B) ethnic-identity achievement 
C) ethnic-identity search/moratorium 
D) ethnic-identity diffusion/foreclosure 
E) negative ethnic identity 
A) bicultural identity 
B) ethnic-identity achievement 
C) ethnic-identity search/moratorium 
D) ethnic-identity diffusion/foreclosure 
E) negative ethnic identity

Question 8

Which child is most likely to characterize him- or herself by a personal fable?

Accepted Answer

A) Rose, age 6 
B) Jose, age 8 
C) Mary, age 10 
D) Joe, age 13 
A) Rose, age 6 
B) Jose, age 8 
C) Mary, age 10 
D) Joe, age 13

Question 9

From an evolutionary standpoint, attachment is similar to which of the following mechanisms?

Accepted Answer

A) imprinting 
B) development of the id 
C) theory of mind 
D) attributions
•identification 
A) imprinting 
B) development of the id 
C) theory of mind 
D) attributions
•identification

Question 10

Describe the reciprocal associations between parental sensitivity and children's self-esteem, and between peer acceptance and children's self-esteem. Provide supportive examples.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the reciprocal associations between parental sensitivity...

Question 11

Which of the following instances is a test of whether toddlers have a sense of self?

Accepted Answer

A) the Strange Situation 
B) children's reactions when their own arm movements control movement of a mobile 
C) the placement of rouge on child's face before placing child in front of mirror 
D) All of these are a test of a toddler's sense of self. 
A) the Strange Situation 
B) children's reactions when their own arm movements control movement of a mobile 
C) the placement of rouge on child's face before placing child in front of mirror 
D) All of these are a test of a toddler's sense of self.

Question 12

Describe the attachment process and the development and quality of infants' attachment in terms of the role nature and nurture play. Be specific and use examples as necessary to demonstrate your understanding.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the attachment process and the development...

Question 13

Melissa, the mother of two children, remembers her childhood as difficult. When asked about it, she discusses her past in a consistent and cohesive manner, but reports that although there were some happy times, her parents were not always supportive. Which of the following statements is true about Melissa?

Accepted Answer

A) Her children are unlikely to be securely attached to her. 
B) She would most likely be classified into the autonomous adult attachment group. 
C) She probably experienced physical abuse at the hands of her parents. 
D) All of these statements are true. 
A) Her children are unlikely to be securely attached to her. 
B) She would most likely be classified into the autonomous adult attachment group. 
C) She probably experienced physical abuse at the hands of her parents. 
D) All of these statements are true.

Question 14

Do you believe it is possible for an individual to have a poor ethnic identity and a strong general identity?
What about a poor sexual identity and a strong general identity? Why or why not? Give examples to support your position.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Do you believe it is possible for...

Question 15

Which of the following actions is NOT part of the
Strange Situation?

Accepted Answer

A) separations from the caregiver 
B) reunions with the caregiver 
C) interactions with a stranger 
D) contact with novel, scary objects 
A) separations from the caregiver 
B) reunions with the caregiver 
C) interactions with a stranger 
D) contact with novel, scary objects

Question 16

Harlow and colleagues' studies with infant rhesus monkeys reared in isolation demonstrated that, compared to monkeys reared normally with their mothers, those reared in isolation and then placed with other monkeys:

Accepted Answer

A) were socially isolated. 
B) were incapable of caring for their own young. 
C) were unable to communicate effectively with other monkeys. 
D) were socially isolated, unable to communicate with other monkeys, and incapable of caring for their young. 
A) were socially isolated. 
B) were incapable of caring for their own young. 
C) were unable to communicate effectively with other monkeys. 
D) were socially isolated, unable to communicate with other monkeys, and incapable of caring for their young.

Question 17

Max has an insecure/resistant attachment with his mother. Cassie has a secure attachment with her mother. How is this difference likely to impact their later social and cognitive functioning? Why would you predict this difference?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Max has an insecure/resistant attachment with his...

Question 18

Mary Ainsworth's laboratory test used for measuring infants' attachment to their caregivers is referred to as the:

Accepted Answer

A) Strange Situation. 
B) Internal Working Model. 
C) Reciprocity Test. 
D) Stranger Interaction Test. 
A) Strange Situation. 
B) Internal Working Model. 
C) Reciprocity Test. 
D) Stranger Interaction Test.

Question 19

In Western cultures, self-esteem tends to be related to_______; in Asian cultures, it tends to be related to_______.

Accepted Answer

A) contributing to the welfare of the group; affirming the norms of social interdependence 
B) individual accomplishments; contributing to the welfare of the group 
C) individual accomplishments; individual accomplishments 
D) contributing to the welfare of the group; contributing to the welfare of the group 
A) contributing to the welfare of the group; affirming the norms of social interdependence 
B) individual accomplishments; contributing to the welfare of the group 
C) individual accomplishments; individual accomplishments 
D) contributing to the welfare of the group; contributing to the welfare of the group

Question 20

Parents who regularly discipline their children with comments such as which of the following admonishments will be MOST likely to have children with poor self-esteem?

Accepted Answer

A) "You are so irresponsible." 
B) "You should not have done that." 
C) "That was an irresponsible thing to do." 
D) "You need to be much more careful next time." 
A) "You are so irresponsible." 
B) "You should not have done that." 
C) "That was an irresponsible thing to do." 
D) "You need to be much more careful next time."

Attachments are:

Darrell exhibits separation distress when his mother leaves and happily greets her when she returns. He uses her as a secure base and actively seeks out contact with his mother. Bowlby would consider Darrell to be in which phase of the development of attachment?

Securely attached infants are MOST likely to have parents whose own adult attachment status is:

Which of the following actions is NOT considered an indicator that a child has a developing sense of self?

As children enter adolescence, they tend to increasingly rely on which of the following influences to evaluate themselves?

Which of the following actions demonstrates that parental sensitivity causes secure attachment in children?

Diego is a Mexican-American adolescent who has not examined his ethnicity and is not particularly interested in it. Diego is in which of the following phases of ethnic-identity development?

Which child is most likely to characterize him- or herself by a personal fable?

From an evolutionary standpoint, attachment is similar to which of the following mechanisms?

Describe the reciprocal associations between parental sensitivity and children's self-esteem, and between peer acceptance and children's self-esteem. Provide supportive examples.

Which of the following instances is a test of whether toddlers have a sense of self?

Describe the attachment process and the development and quality of infants' attachment in terms of the role nature and nurture play. Be specific and use examples as necessary to demonstrate your understanding.

Do you believe it is possible for an individual to have a poor ethnic identity and a strong general identity? What about a poor sexual identity and a strong general identity? Why or why not? Give examples to support your position.

Which of the following actions is NOT part of the Strange Situation?

Harlow and colleagues' studies with infant rhesus monkeys reared in isolation demonstrated that, compared to monkeys reared normally with their mothers, those reared in isolation and then placed with other monkeys:

Max has an insecure/resistant attachment with his mother. Cassie has a secure attachment with her mother. How is this difference likely to impact their later social and cognitive functioning? Why would you predict this difference?

Mary Ainsworth's laboratory test used for measuring infants' attachment to their caregivers is referred to as the:

In Western cultures, self-esteem tends to be related to_; in Asian cultures, it tends to be related to_.

Parents who regularly discipline their children with comments such as which of the following admonishments will be MOST likely to have children with poor self-esteem?

An Introduction to Child Development

Prenatal Development and the Newborn Period

Biology and Behavior

Theories of Cognitive Development

Perception, Action, and Learning in Infancy

Development of Language and Symbol Use

Conceptual Development

Intelligence and Academic Achievement

Theories of Social Development

Emotional Development

The Family

Peer Relationships

Moral Development

Gender Development

Conclusions

Filters

Exam 11: Attachment to Others and Development of Self

Attachments are:

Darrell exhibits separation distress when his mother leaves and happily greets her when she returns. He uses her as a secure base and actively seeks out contact with his mother. Bowlby would consider Darrell to be in which phase of the development of attachment?

Securely attached infants are MOST likely to have parents whose own adult attachment status is:

Which of the following actions is NOT considered an indicator that a child has a developing sense of self?

As children enter adolescence, they tend to increasingly rely on which of the following influences to evaluate themselves?

Which of the following actions demonstrates that parental sensitivity causes secure attachment in children?

Diego is a Mexican-American adolescent who has not examined his ethnicity and is not particularly interested in it. Diego is in which of the following phases of ethnic-identity development?

Which child is most likely to characterize him- or herself by a personal fable?

From an evolutionary standpoint, attachment is similar to which of the following mechanisms?

Describe the reciprocal associations between parental sensitivity and children's self-esteem, and between peer acceptance and children's self-esteem. Provide supportive examples.

Which of the following instances is a test of whether toddlers have a sense of self?

Describe the attachment process and the development and quality of infants' attachment in terms of the role nature and nurture play. Be specific and use examples as necessary to demonstrate your understanding.

Do you believe it is possible for an individual to have a poor ethnic identity and a strong general identity? What about a poor sexual identity and a strong general identity? Why or why not? Give examples to support your position.

Which of the following actions is NOT part of the Strange Situation?

Harlow and colleagues' studies with infant rhesus monkeys reared in isolation demonstrated that, compared to monkeys reared normally with their mothers, those reared in isolation and then placed with other monkeys:

Max has an insecure/resistant attachment with his mother. Cassie has a secure attachment with her mother. How is this difference likely to impact their later social and cognitive functioning? Why would you predict this difference?

Mary Ainsworth's laboratory test used for measuring infants' attachment to their caregivers is referred to as the:

In Western cultures, self-esteem tends to be related to_______; in Asian cultures, it tends to be related to_______.

Parents who regularly discipline their children with comments such as which of the following admonishments will be MOST likely to have children with poor self-esteem?

An Introduction to Child Development

Prenatal Development and the Newborn Period

Biology and Behavior

Theories of Cognitive Development

Perception, Action, and Learning in Infancy

Development of Language and Symbol Use

Conceptual Development

Intelligence and Academic Achievement

Theories of Social Development

Emotional Development

The Family

Peer Relationships

Moral Development

Gender Development

Conclusions

Filters

In Western cultures, self-esteem tends to be related to_; in Asian cultures, it tends to be related to_.