Question 1

Regarding the informational view, which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pavlov believed that classical conditioning involved higher mental processes, such as mental expectancies. 
B)  Many psychologists believe that classical conditioning has cognitive origins because it is related to information that might aid survival. 
C)  According to this informational view, we process associations among events, and, in so doing, create new, unconscious, mental expectancies about how events are interconnected. 
D)  During classical conditioning, the brain learns to expect that the US will follow the CS. 
A)  Pavlov believed that classical conditioning involved higher mental processes, such as mental expectancies. 
B)  Many psychologists believe that classical conditioning has cognitive origins because it is related to information that might aid survival. 
C)  According to this informational view, we process associations among events, and, in so doing, create new, unconscious, mental expectancies about how events are interconnected. 
D)  During classical conditioning, the brain learns to expect that the US will follow the CS.

Question 2

A dog participating in dog agility training must navigate a variety of obstacles, such as jumping over hurdles, walking over seesaws, and running through tunnels with its trainer only able to reinforce the dog with a snack or hug after the dog completes the entire sequence.This dog training is accomplished through

Accepted Answer

A)  systematic desensitization. 
B)  fixed action patterns. 
C)  programmed instruction. 
D)  a response chain. 
A)  systematic desensitization. 
B)  fixed action patterns. 
C)  programmed instruction. 
D)  a response chain.

Question 3

A rat learned to press a bar to turn off a mild shock it was receiving through the floor of its cage.In this case, bar pressing was

Accepted Answer

A)  classically conditioned. 
B)  learned through negative reinforcement. 
C)  learned through punishment. 
D)  a positively reinforced motor skill. 
A)  classically conditioned. 
B)  learned through negative reinforcement. 
C)  learned through punishment. 
D)  a positively reinforced motor skill.

Question 4

Compare the efficiency of discovery learning to rote learning, including the results of an experiment, which involved calculating the area of a parallelogram.

Accepted Answer

Answer will include that rote learning i

Question 5

Annie is being noisy and disrespectful, and her mother gives her a "swat" on her rear end.Annie immediately gets quiet.The next time Annie is being noisy and disrespectful, her mother is most likely to use punishment again.According to research, which of the following is a FALSE statement regarding the use of punishment?

Accepted Answer

A)  Annie's mother will "swat" her again because this punishment worked well the last time. 
B)  Annie's resulting silence was negatively reinforcing for her mother. 
C)  "Sparing the rod" on Annie would have resulted in her becoming a "spoiled" child. 
D)  The overall emotional adjustment of a child disciplined by reward will usually be superior to one disciplined by punishment. 
A)  Annie's mother will "swat" her again because this punishment worked well the last time. 
B)  Annie's resulting silence was negatively reinforcing for her mother. 
C)  "Sparing the rod" on Annie would have resulted in her becoming a "spoiled" child. 
D)  The overall emotional adjustment of a child disciplined by reward will usually be superior to one disciplined by punishment.

Question 6

After you finish reading this module in your textbook, you then complete the Knowledge Builder section.You work through the Recite questions one at a time, checking your answer before moving on.This format illustrates which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  insight learning 
B)  a fixed interval scheduling 
C)  programmed instruction 
D)  vicarious learning 
A)  insight learning 
B)  a fixed interval scheduling 
C)  programmed instruction 
D)  vicarious learning

Question 7

A behavior may be followed by a positive consequence, or reinforcer, such as food; or by a negative consequence, or punisher, such as a slap; or by nothing with these results determining whether a response is likely to be made again.The type of learning just described is

Accepted Answer

A)  classical conditioning. 
B)  operant conditioning. 
C)  respondent conditioning. 
D)  insight learning. 
A)  classical conditioning. 
B)  operant conditioning. 
C)  respondent conditioning. 
D)  insight learning.

Question 8

We process associations among events, and, in so doing, create new, unconscious, mental expectancies about how events are interconnected, according to the

Accepted Answer

A)  ​informational view. 
B)  ​law of effect. 
C)  ​instrumental view. 
D)  ​Premack principle. 
A)  ​informational view. 
B)  ​law of effect. 
C)  ​instrumental view. 
D)  ​Premack principle.

Question 9

The effectiveness of punishers depends greatly on all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  timing. 
B)  consistency. 
C)  intensity. 
D)  generalization. 
A)  timing. 
B)  consistency. 
C)  intensity. 
D)  generalization.

Question 10

Gordon wears the same blue shirt to class each time he has a major test because he believes that wearing that shirt will assure him an "A" just like he got on the first test when he was wearing this blue shirt.This illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)  an unconditioned response. 
B)  a primary reinforcer. 
C)  a superstitious behavior. 
D)  successive approximations. 
A)  an unconditioned response. 
B)  a primary reinforcer. 
C)  a superstitious behavior. 
D)  successive approximations.

Question 11

Elaine is reinforced with a gold star for every math problem on her worksheet that she correctly completes.This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  the partial reinforcement effect. 
B)  a variable interval schedule. 
C)  a fixed ratio schedule. 
D)  continuous reinforcement. 
A)  the partial reinforcement effect. 
B)  a variable interval schedule. 
C)  a fixed ratio schedule. 
D)  continuous reinforcement.

Question 12

Feedback is most effective when it is frequent, immediate, and

Accepted Answer

A)  positive. 
B)  negative. 
C)  detailed. 
D)  anonymous. 
A)  positive. 
B)  negative. 
C)  detailed. 
D)  anonymous.

Question 13

It is much more effective to

Accepted Answer

A)  punish unwanted behaviors than it is to reinforce desirable behaviors. 
B)  reinforce desirable behaviors than it is to punish unwanted behaviors. 
C)  use punishment for unwanted behaviors than to use nonreinforcement by ignoring them. 
D)  use a combination of punishment and extinction than to use reinforcement. 
A)  punish unwanted behaviors than it is to reinforce desirable behaviors. 
B)  reinforce desirable behaviors than it is to punish unwanted behaviors. 
C)  use punishment for unwanted behaviors than to use nonreinforcement by ignoring them. 
D)  use a combination of punishment and extinction than to use reinforcement.

Question 14

Punishers, like reinforcers, are defined by

Accepted Answer

A)  the aversive or positive aspects of the punisher or reinforcer. 
B)  whether they are administered after desirable or undesirable actions. 
C)  whether they are administered on a variable or fixed schedule. 
D)  observing the effects that the punisher or reinforcer have on behavior. 
A)  the aversive or positive aspects of the punisher or reinforcer. 
B)  whether they are administered after desirable or undesirable actions. 
C)  whether they are administered on a variable or fixed schedule. 
D)  observing the effects that the punisher or reinforcer have on behavior.

Question 15

If you want to teach your new puppy to come to you when you call him, it would be best to start out reinforcing your dog on which schedule of reinforcement?

Accepted Answer

A)  fixed ratio 
B)  continuous 
C)  intermittent 
D)  variable interval 
A)  fixed ratio 
B)  continuous 
C)  intermittent 
D)  variable interval

Question 16

A dog is placed in a two-compartment cage and is shocked while in one of the compartments.The dog quickly learns to jump to the other compartment.This reflects __________learning.

Accepted Answer

A)  escape 
B)  place 
C)  latent 
D)  respondent 
A)  escape 
B)  place 
C)  latent 
D)  respondent

Question 17

Regarding punishment, which of the following statements is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Punishment is much more effective than reinforcement. 
B)  Punishment is really just another form of negative reinforcement. 
C)  Punishment must be given contingently to be most effective. 
D)  Spankings and reprimands can never be reinforcing and are, therefore, considered punishers. 
A)  Punishment is much more effective than reinforcement. 
B)  Punishment is really just another form of negative reinforcement. 
C)  Punishment must be given contingently to be most effective. 
D)  Spankings and reprimands can never be reinforcing and are, therefore, considered punishers.

Question 18

Regarding spanking, which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Most children show no signs of long-term damage from spanking if it is backed up by supportive parenting. 
B)  Emotional damage does occur if spankings are severe, frequent, or coupled with harsh parenting. 
C)  Frequent spankings tend to decrease aggression and reduce problem behaviors. 
D)  Antispanking laws have been passed in a number of countries around the world. 
A)  Most children show no signs of long-term damage from spanking if it is backed up by supportive parenting. 
B)  Emotional damage does occur if spankings are severe, frequent, or coupled with harsh parenting. 
C)  Frequent spankings tend to decrease aggression and reduce problem behaviors. 
D)  Antispanking laws have been passed in a number of countries around the world.

Question 19

Operant conditioning is also known as

Accepted Answer

A)  respondent conditioning. 
B)  reflexive learning. 
C)  instrumental learning. 
D)  Pavlovian conditioning. 
A)  respondent conditioning. 
B)  reflexive learning. 
C)  instrumental learning. 
D)  Pavlovian conditioning.

Question 20

If a rat is on a VI-20-second schedule for bar-pressing, the rat will be reinforced

Accepted Answer

A)  continuously for 20 seconds and then will receive no more reinforcement. 
B)  for every 20 seconds of continual responding. 
C)  for each bar press that occurs exactly 20 seconds after the last reinforced response. 
D)  for the first bar press that occurs after a random time interval that averages 20 seconds in length. 
A)  continuously for 20 seconds and then will receive no more reinforcement. 
B)  for every 20 seconds of continual responding. 
C)  for each bar press that occurs exactly 20 seconds after the last reinforced response. 
D)  for the first bar press that occurs after a random time interval that averages 20 seconds in length.

Regarding the informational view, which of the following statements is FALSE?

A rat learned to press a bar to turn off a mild shock it was receiving through the floor of its cage.In this case, bar pressing was

Compare the efficiency of discovery learning to rote learning, including the results of an experiment, which involved calculating the area of a parallelogram.

After you finish reading this module in your textbook, you then complete the Knowledge Builder section.You work through the Recite questions one at a time, checking your answer before moving on.This format illustrates which of the following?

A behavior may be followed by a positive consequence, or reinforcer, such as food; or by a negative consequence, or punisher, such as a slap; or by nothing with these results determining whether a response is likely to be made again.The type of learning just described is

We process associations among events, and, in so doing, create new, unconscious, mental expectancies about how events are interconnected, according to the

The effectiveness of punishers depends greatly on all of the following EXCEPT

Gordon wears the same blue shirt to class each time he has a major test because he believes that wearing that shirt will assure him an "A" just like he got on the first test when he was wearing this blue shirt.This illustrates

Elaine is reinforced with a gold star for every math problem on her worksheet that she correctly completes.This is an example of

Feedback is most effective when it is frequent, immediate, and

It is much more effective to

Punishers, like reinforcers, are defined by

If you want to teach your new puppy to come to you when you call him, it would be best to start out reinforcing your dog on which schedule of reinforcement?

A dog is placed in a two-compartment cage and is shocked while in one of the compartments.The dog quickly learns to jump to the other compartment.This reflects __________learning.

Regarding punishment, which of the following statements is TRUE?

Regarding spanking, which of the following statements is FALSE?

Operant conditioning is also known as

If a rat is on a VI-20-second schedule for bar-pressing, the rat will be reinforced

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Exam 6: Conditioning and Learning.

Regarding the informational view, which of the following statements is FALSE?

A rat learned to press a bar to turn off a mild shock it was receiving through the floor of its cage.In this case, bar pressing was

Compare the efficiency of discovery learning to rote learning, including the results of an experiment, which involved calculating the area of a parallelogram.

After you finish reading this module in your textbook, you then complete the Knowledge Builder section.You work through the Recite questions one at a time, checking your answer before moving on.This format illustrates which of the following?

A behavior may be followed by a positive consequence, or reinforcer, such as food; or by a negative consequence, or punisher, such as a slap; or by nothing with these results determining whether a response is likely to be made again.The type of learning just described is

We process associations among events, and, in so doing, create new, unconscious, mental expectancies about how events are interconnected, according to the

The effectiveness of punishers depends greatly on all of the following EXCEPT

Gordon wears the same blue shirt to class each time he has a major test because he believes that wearing that shirt will assure him an "A" just like he got on the first test when he was wearing this blue shirt.This illustrates

Elaine is reinforced with a gold star for every math problem on her worksheet that she correctly completes.This is an example of

Feedback is most effective when it is frequent, immediate, and

It is much more effective to

Punishers, like reinforcers, are defined by

If you want to teach your new puppy to come to you when you call him, it would be best to start out reinforcing your dog on which schedule of reinforcement?

A dog is placed in a two-compartment cage and is shocked while in one of the compartments.The dog quickly learns to jump to the other compartment.This reflects __________learning.

Regarding punishment, which of the following statements is TRUE?

Regarding spanking, which of the following statements is FALSE?

Operant conditioning is also known as

If a rat is on a VI-20-second schedule for bar-pressing, the rat will be reinforced

Psychology, Critical Thinking, and Science

Brain and Behavior.

Human Development

Sensation and Perception.

States of Consciousness.

Memory.

Cognition, Language, and Creativity.

Intelligence.

Motivation and Emotion.

Sex, Gender, and Sexuality.

Personality.

Health, Stress, and Coping.

Psychological Disorders.

Therapies.

Social Thinking and Social Influence.

Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior.

Applied Psychology.

Filters