Exam 6: Conditioning and Learning.

In laboratory experiments, a recorder that has a moving strip of paper and a mechanical pen is connected to a Skinner box.When reinforcers are given to the animal, they are indicated on the paper by

To observe conditioning, one could ring a bell and squirt lemon juice into Johnny's mouth.By repeating this procedure several times, you could condition Johnny to salivate to the bell.Conditioning will be most rapid if the US follows immediately after the CS.In this example, the CS would be

Unlocking the secrets of associative learning begins with noting

Learning that involves the pairing of conditioned and unconditioned stimuli is called

If you scramble the sequence of events that precede an undesirable response, you are

Ashleigh, who is three, has learned that when she hears a truck pull into the driveway, it means that Daddy is home.This event of hearing the truck precedes Ashleigh's response of running to the door to see her Daddy and would be considered a(n)__________.

When Lamont acts silly while his family is watching television, he receives no attention from the family.Lamont's silly behavior decreases due to his family's use of

Which type of operant reinforcer is natural, nonlearned, and rooted in biology with food, water, and sex being obvious examples?

You may be unaware of some of the reinforcers that are changing your own behavior.In fact, such automatic associative learning is a hallmark of __________ processing.

Most nights Ian comes home from work, turns on the TV, eats a whole bag of cookies or chips, then takes a shower, and changes clothes.By dinnertime he has lost his appetite.Ian could solve this problem by not turning on the TV but heading to the shower first.By changing the order of activities that precede dinner, he is breaking the __________.

In Thorndike's law of effect, events critical for conditioning occur before the response.

Learning to make a response in order to postpone or prevent discomfort is known as

In her developmental psychology classes, Dr.Windham utilizes problem-based learning, which involves presenting the students with open-ended real-life cases.The students must determine the important aspects of the problem and then come up with a plan of action to solve the problem using their textbook and notes.Dr.Windham is using a type of

A child calls his dog "Spot" but does not call other dogs this name even if they look like his dog.The child is demonstrating

To teach a child to eat spaghetti neatly, you would reinforce initial responses, such as holding the fork, and then reinforce increasingly closer approximations to the final response, a procedure known as

Which of the following is an example of a conditioned emotional response?

The law of effect was proposed by

In higher-order conditioning, the

If you classically conditioned a person to yawn when he or she heard the word "psychology," the word "psychology," after conditioning, would be considered the __________ stimulus.

In operant conditioning, stimuli that precede reinforced and nonreinforced responses are known as