Question 1

Negative reinforcement and punishment

Accepted Answer

A)  have opposite effects on behavior. 
B)  are different terms for the same procedure. 
C)  have the same effect on behavior. 
D)  are not very effective in changing behavior. 
A)  have opposite effects on behavior. 
B)  are different terms for the same procedure. 
C)  have the same effect on behavior. 
D)  are not very effective in changing behavior.

Question 2

Developing a fear of sharks after watching a movie that depicts "man-eating sharks" would have to take place through vicarious classical conditioning.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

After repeatedly pairing the appearance of a nurse in green scrubs with the painful experience of getting a vaccination, the patient will react every time they see a nurse in green grubs enter the room.In this example, the nurse in the green scrubs is a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  conditioned response (CR). 
B)  conditioned stimulus (CS). 
C)  unconditioned response (UR). 
D)  unconditioned stimulus (US). 
A)  conditioned response (CR). 
B)  conditioned stimulus (CS). 
C)  unconditioned response (UR). 
D)  unconditioned stimulus (US).

Question 4

Regarding the effects of negative reinforcement and punishment on responding, which of the following statements is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Both negative reinforcement and punishment decrease responding. 
B)  Negative reinforcement increases responding, while punishment decreases responding. 
C)  Negative reinforcement decreases responding, while punishment increases responding. 
D)  Both negative reinforcement and punishment increase responding. 
A)  Both negative reinforcement and punishment decrease responding. 
B)  Negative reinforcement increases responding, while punishment decreases responding. 
C)  Negative reinforcement decreases responding, while punishment increases responding. 
D)  Both negative reinforcement and punishment increase responding.

Question 5

Facts or principles gained by insight or understanding describe

Accepted Answer

A)  rote learning. 
B)  observational learning. 
C)  vicarious reinforcement. 
D)  discovery learning. 
A)  rote learning. 
B)  observational learning. 
C)  vicarious reinforcement. 
D)  discovery learning.

Question 6

Every time Lisa's dog heard the sound of the electric can opener he began to salivate because he associated the sound with the food.In this example, the sound of the can opener is a

Accepted Answer

A)  conditioned response (CR). 
B)  unconditioned response (UR). 
C)  conditioned stimulus (CS). 
D)  unconditioned stimulus (US). 
A)  conditioned response (CR). 
B)  unconditioned response (UR). 
C)  conditioned stimulus (CS). 
D)  unconditioned stimulus (US).

Question 7

Watching the night sky and seeing "a shooting star" is reinforced on which schedule of reinforcement?

Accepted Answer

A)  variable interval 
B)  variable ratio 
C)  fixed interval 
D)  fixed ratio 
A)  variable interval 
B)  variable ratio 
C)  fixed interval 
D)  fixed ratio

Question 8

Wearing a tie less or not at all because you were teased and laughed at when you wore it illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)  the effect of reinforcement. 
B)  the effect of punishment. 
C)  a conditioned response. 
D)  an unconditioned response. 
A)  the effect of reinforcement. 
B)  the effect of punishment. 
C)  a conditioned response. 
D)  an unconditioned response.

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT an advantage of using computer-assisted instruction (CAI)?

Accepted Answer

A)  CAI can give hints about why an answer was wrong and what needs to be corrected. 
B)  CAI can save teachers and learners much time and effort. 
C)  People often do better with feedback from a computer because they can freely make mistakes and learn from them. 
D)  CAI has been shown to lead to significantly higher levels of mastery than traditional methods. 
A)  CAI can give hints about why an answer was wrong and what needs to be corrected. 
B)  CAI can save teachers and learners much time and effort. 
C)  People often do better with feedback from a computer because they can freely make mistakes and learn from them. 
D)  CAI has been shown to lead to significantly higher levels of mastery than traditional methods.

Question 10

Six-year-old Mark watches his older brother doing his algebra homework.The main reason that Mark will be unable to model his brother's mathematical calculations will be because

Accepted Answer

A)  Mark does not admire his older brother enough. 
B)  Mark will not be reinforced by anyone if he works the math problems correctly. 
C)  Mark is probably unable to reproduce the modeled behavior correctly. 
D)  Mark did not pay enough attention to his brother's modeled behaviors. 
A)  Mark does not admire his older brother enough. 
B)  Mark will not be reinforced by anyone if he works the math problems correctly. 
C)  Mark is probably unable to reproduce the modeled behavior correctly. 
D)  Mark did not pay enough attention to his brother's modeled behaviors.

Question 11

If a punishment is given only after the undesired response occurs, we say the punishment is being given

Accepted Answer

A)  contingently. 
B)  intermittently. 
C)  in a latent form. 
D)  as negative reinforcer. 
A)  contingently. 
B)  intermittently. 
C)  in a latent form. 
D)  as negative reinforcer.

Question 12

While "playing" with a lighted candle, a child burned her finger.The candle flame, thus, becomes a conditioned fear stimulus with the child also developing a healthy fear of other flames, such as those from matches, lighters, fireplaces, and stoves.This fear of other flames developed because of

Accepted Answer

A)  stimulus generalization. 
B)  a spontaneous recovery. 
C)  higher-order discrimination. 
D)  vicarious conditioning. 
A)  stimulus generalization. 
B)  a spontaneous recovery. 
C)  higher-order discrimination. 
D)  vicarious conditioning.

Question 13

Requiring a resistant child to eat half of each of the foods on his dinner plate before receiving a favorite dessert is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  generalized reinforcers. 
B)  punishment. 
C)  the Premack principle. 
D)  the partial reinforcement effect. 
A)  generalized reinforcers. 
B)  punishment. 
C)  the Premack principle. 
D)  the partial reinforcement effect.

Question 14

Which psychologist developed a conditioning apparatus for animals and provided various practical applications of operant conditioning?

Accepted Answer

A)  B.F.Skinner 
B)  Ivan Pavlov 
C)  John B.Watson 
D)  Carl Rogers 
A)  B.F.Skinner 
B)  Ivan Pavlov 
C)  John B.Watson 
D)  Carl Rogers

Question 15

Through modeling of their parents, children often learn which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  emotions and personality traits 
B)  fears and anxieties 
C)  attitudes and bad habits 
D)  all of these 
A)  emotions and personality traits 
B)  fears and anxieties 
C)  attitudes and bad habits 
D)  all of these

Question 16

In laboratory experiments, a recorder, which consists of a moving strip of paper and a mechanical pen, is connected to a Skinner box.Rapid responding by the animal in this experiment will cause the pen on the recorder to

Accepted Answer

A)  draw a steep line. 
B)  draw a horizontal line. 
C)  draw small tick marks. 
D)  leave empty spaces. 
A)  draw a steep line. 
B)  draw a horizontal line. 
C)  draw small tick marks. 
D)  leave empty spaces.

Question 17

A reward will reliably increase responding, while a reinforcer will increase responding only occasionally.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Unlocking the secrets of which type of learning begins with noting what happens before and after a particular behavior?

Accepted Answer

A)  associative learning 
B)  insight learning 
C)  cognitive learning 
D)  vicarious learning 
A)  associative learning 
B)  insight learning 
C)  cognitive learning 
D)  vicarious learning

Question 19

Sieta wants to teach her daughter to say "Please" when she asks for something, so she decides to only comply with her daughter's request for something when her daughter says "Please." Thus, Sieta's compliance to her daughter's request is

Accepted Answer

A)  the conditioned stimulus. 
B)  a token. 
C)  a negative reinforcer. 
D)  response contingent. 
A)  the conditioned stimulus. 
B)  a token. 
C)  a negative reinforcer. 
D)  response contingent.

Question 20

In order to increase interest and motivation, a computer math game has been designed that allows students to compete in a speedboat race rather than just completing a series of subtraction problems.The faster correct answers are selected, the faster the student's boat speeds toward the finish line.This math game would be an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  computer-assisted instruction. 
B)  a type of serious game. 
C)  programmed instruction. 
D)  all of these. 
A)  computer-assisted instruction. 
B)  a type of serious game. 
C)  programmed instruction. 
D)  all of these.

Negative reinforcement and punishment

Developing a fear of sharks after watching a movie that depicts "man-eating sharks" would have to take place through vicarious classical conditioning.

After repeatedly pairing the appearance of a nurse in green scrubs with the painful experience of getting a vaccination, the patient will react every time they see a nurse in green grubs enter the room.In this example, the nurse in the green scrubs is a(n)

Regarding the effects of negative reinforcement and punishment on responding, which of the following statements is TRUE?

Facts or principles gained by insight or understanding describe

Every time Lisa's dog heard the sound of the electric can opener he began to salivate because he associated the sound with the food.In this example, the sound of the can opener is a

Watching the night sky and seeing "a shooting star" is reinforced on which schedule of reinforcement?

Wearing a tie less or not at all because you were teased and laughed at when you wore it illustrates

Which of the following is NOT an advantage of using computer-assisted instruction (CAI)?

Six-year-old Mark watches his older brother doing his algebra homework.The main reason that Mark will be unable to model his brother's mathematical calculations will be because

If a punishment is given only after the undesired response occurs, we say the punishment is being given

While "playing" with a lighted candle, a child burned her finger.The candle flame, thus, becomes a conditioned fear stimulus with the child also developing a healthy fear of other flames, such as those from matches, lighters, fireplaces, and stoves.This fear of other flames developed because of

Requiring a resistant child to eat half of each of the foods on his dinner plate before receiving a favorite dessert is an example of

Which psychologist developed a conditioning apparatus for animals and provided various practical applications of operant conditioning?

Through modeling of their parents, children often learn which of the following?

In laboratory experiments, a recorder, which consists of a moving strip of paper and a mechanical pen, is connected to a Skinner box.Rapid responding by the animal in this experiment will cause the pen on the recorder to

A reward will reliably increase responding, while a reinforcer will increase responding only occasionally.

Unlocking the secrets of which type of learning begins with noting what happens before and after a particular behavior?

Sieta wants to teach her daughter to say "Please" when she asks for something, so she decides to only comply with her daughter's request for something when her daughter says "Please." Thus, Sieta's compliance to her daughter's request is

Psychology, Critical Thinking, and Science

Brain and Behavior.

Human Development

Sensation and Perception.

States of Consciousness.

Memory.

Cognition, Language, and Creativity.

Intelligence.

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Personality.

Health, Stress, and Coping.

Psychological Disorders.

Therapies.

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Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior.

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Exam 6: Conditioning and Learning.

Negative reinforcement and punishment

Developing a fear of sharks after watching a movie that depicts "man-eating sharks" would have to take place through vicarious classical conditioning.

After repeatedly pairing the appearance of a nurse in green scrubs with the painful experience of getting a vaccination, the patient will react every time they see a nurse in green grubs enter the room.In this example, the nurse in the green scrubs is a(n)

Regarding the effects of negative reinforcement and punishment on responding, which of the following statements is TRUE?

Facts or principles gained by insight or understanding describe

Every time Lisa's dog heard the sound of the electric can opener he began to salivate because he associated the sound with the food.In this example, the sound of the can opener is a

Watching the night sky and seeing "a shooting star" is reinforced on which schedule of reinforcement?

Wearing a tie less or not at all because you were teased and laughed at when you wore it illustrates

Which of the following is NOT an advantage of using computer-assisted instruction (CAI)?

Six-year-old Mark watches his older brother doing his algebra homework.The main reason that Mark will be unable to model his brother's mathematical calculations will be because

If a punishment is given only after the undesired response occurs, we say the punishment is being given

While "playing" with a lighted candle, a child burned her finger.The candle flame, thus, becomes a conditioned fear stimulus with the child also developing a healthy fear of other flames, such as those from matches, lighters, fireplaces, and stoves.This fear of other flames developed because of

Requiring a resistant child to eat half of each of the foods on his dinner plate before receiving a favorite dessert is an example of

Which psychologist developed a conditioning apparatus for animals and provided various practical applications of operant conditioning?

Through modeling of their parents, children often learn which of the following?

In laboratory experiments, a recorder, which consists of a moving strip of paper and a mechanical pen, is connected to a Skinner box.Rapid responding by the animal in this experiment will cause the pen on the recorder to

A reward will reliably increase responding, while a reinforcer will increase responding only occasionally.

Unlocking the secrets of which type of learning begins with noting what happens before and after a particular behavior?

Sieta wants to teach her daughter to say "Please" when she asks for something, so she decides to only comply with her daughter's request for something when her daughter says "Please." Thus, Sieta's compliance to her daughter's request is

Psychology, Critical Thinking, and Science

Brain and Behavior.

Human Development

Sensation and Perception.

States of Consciousness.

Memory.

Cognition, Language, and Creativity.

Intelligence.

Motivation and Emotion.

Sex, Gender, and Sexuality.

Personality.

Health, Stress, and Coping.

Psychological Disorders.

Therapies.

Social Thinking and Social Influence.

Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior.

Applied Psychology.

Filters