Question 1

Which of the following is true of the base composition of DNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  moles of cytosine = moles of adenine 
B)  moles of cytosine = moles guanine 
C)  moles of cytosine = moles of thymine 
D)  none of these 
A)  moles of cytosine = moles of adenine 
B)  moles of cytosine = moles guanine 
C)  moles of cytosine = moles of thymine 
D)  none of these

Question 2

Ribosomes are made up of how many subunits?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  4 
A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  4

Question 3

Which of the following is true of B-DNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is a perfectly uniform helix with no grooves. 
B)  It is a helix with a single type of groove. 
C)  It is a helix with two types of grooves: major and minor. 
D)  It is a helix with three types of grooves: major, intermediate, and minor. 
A)  It is a perfectly uniform helix with no grooves. 
B)  It is a helix with a single type of groove. 
C)  It is a helix with two types of grooves: major and minor. 
D)  It is a helix with three types of grooves: major, intermediate, and minor.

Question 4

What are satellites?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are DNA molecules in which long nucleotide sequences are repeated 10-20 times. 
B)  They are DNA molecules in which long nucleotide sequences are repeated hundreds or thousands of times. 
C)  They are DNA molecules in which short nucleotide sequences are repeated 10-20 times. 
D)  They are DNA molecules in which short nucleotide sequences are repeated hundreds or thousands of times. 
A)  They are DNA molecules in which long nucleotide sequences are repeated 10-20 times. 
B)  They are DNA molecules in which long nucleotide sequences are repeated hundreds or thousands of times. 
C)  They are DNA molecules in which short nucleotide sequences are repeated 10-20 times. 
D)  They are DNA molecules in which short nucleotide sequences are repeated hundreds or thousands of times.

Question 5

Which of the following has a primary amine as part of its structure?

Accepted Answer

A)  guanine 
B)  thymine 
C)  uracil 
D)  none of these 
A)  guanine 
B)  thymine 
C)  uracil 
D)  none of these

Question 6

Which of the following describes the typical composition of a ribosome?

Accepted Answer

A)  100% protein 
B)  100% rRNA 
C)  65% protein and 35% rRNA 
D)  65% rRNA and 35% protein 
A)  100% protein 
B)  100% rRNA 
C)  65% protein and 35% rRNA 
D)  65% rRNA and 35% protein

Question 7

How do siRNAs help in the treatment of Ebola virus in monkeys?

Accepted Answer

A)  siRNAs prevent the virus from making a protein needed for replication. 
B)  siRNAs help in the production of antibodies to fight the disease. 
C)  siRNAs destroy the virus by synthesizing a poison. 
D)  siRNAs do not allow the virus to enter the body. 
A)  siRNAs prevent the virus from making a protein needed for replication. 
B)  siRNAs help in the production of antibodies to fight the disease. 
C)  siRNAs destroy the virus by synthesizing a poison. 
D)  siRNAs do not allow the virus to enter the body.

Question 8

Which pair of bases is linked together by three hydrogen bonds?

Accepted Answer

A)  adenine and cytosine 
B)  adenine and thymine 
C)  guanine and cytosine 
D)  guanine and thymine 
A)  adenine and cytosine 
B)  adenine and thymine 
C)  guanine and cytosine 
D)  guanine and thymine

Question 9

Which type of RNA is important in the timing of an organism's development?

Accepted Answer

A)  mRNA 
B)  miRNA 
C)  snRNA 
D)  tRNA 
A)  mRNA 
B)  miRNA 
C)  snRNA 
D)  tRNA

Question 10

What is DNA replication?

Accepted Answer

A)  the separation of the two strands of DNA to enable the formation of two identical DNA molecules 
B)  the transfer of genetic information from DNA to mRNA 
C)  the transfer of genetic information from mRNA to DNA 
D)  the use of genetic information to synthesize a specific protein in the cytoplasm of a cell with the help of ribosomes 
A)  the separation of the two strands of DNA to enable the formation of two identical DNA molecules 
B)  the transfer of genetic information from DNA to mRNA 
C)  the transfer of genetic information from mRNA to DNA 
D)  the use of genetic information to synthesize a specific protein in the cytoplasm of a cell with the help of ribosomes

Question 11

Which of the following scientists confirmed that DNA is the molecule that carries hereditary information?

Accepted Answer

A)  O. Avery 
B)  G. Beadle 
C)  E. Chargaff 
D)  J. Watson 
A)  O. Avery 
B)  G. Beadle 
C)  E. Chargaff 
D)  J. Watson

Question 12

How many phosphate groups are part of a nucleotide?

Accepted Answer

A)  6, 7, or 8 
B)  only 2 
C)  only 3 
D)  1, 2, or 3 
A)  6, 7, or 8 
B)  only 2 
C)  only 3 
D)  1, 2, or 3

Question 13

Which of the following statements is true of telomerase?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is made of DNA and protein. 
B)  It is found in somatic cells. 
C)  It links the fragments of DNA. 
D)  It is a ribonucleoprotein. 
A)  It is made of DNA and protein. 
B)  It is found in somatic cells. 
C)  It links the fragments of DNA. 
D)  It is a ribonucleoprotein.

Question 14

Which of the following statements is true of miRNAs?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are about 100-200 nucleotides long. 
B)  They have no medical importance. 
C)  They promote the translation of mRNA to protein. 
D)  They promote the degradation of mRNA. 
A)  They are about 100-200 nucleotides long. 
B)  They have no medical importance. 
C)  They promote the translation of mRNA to protein. 
D)  They promote the degradation of mRNA.

Question 15

Which of the following enzymes facilitate the relaxation of supercoiling in DNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  ligases 
B)  topoisomerases 
C)  primases 
D)  helicases 
A)  ligases 
B)  topoisomerases 
C)  primases 
D)  helicases

Question 16

Which of the following types of RNA is important in controlling gene expression?

Accepted Answer

A)  mRNA 
B)  siRNA 
C)  snRNA 
D)  tRNA 
A)  mRNA 
B)  siRNA 
C)  snRNA 
D)  tRNA

Question 17

Which of the following correctly describes exons and introns?

Accepted Answer

A)  Both exons and introns code for proteins, but they code for different types of proteins. 
B)  Exons are coding sections of DNA, and introns are noncoding sections. 
C)  Exons are noncoding sections of DNA, and introns are coding sections. 
D)  To code for a protein, both an exon and an intron are necessary. 
A)  Both exons and introns code for proteins, but they code for different types of proteins. 
B)  Exons are coding sections of DNA, and introns are noncoding sections. 
C)  Exons are noncoding sections of DNA, and introns are coding sections. 
D)  To code for a protein, both an exon and an intron are necessary.

Question 18

How many different components make up a nucleoside?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  4 
A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  4

Question 19

Examine the following structural formula containing guanine, a sugar, and phosphate groups.   Which of the following correctly classifies this substance?

Accepted Answer

A)  as a nucleoside 
B)  as a nucleotide 
C)  as a nucleic acid 
D)  as an amino acid 
E)  as a fatty acid 
A)  as a nucleoside 
B)  as a nucleotide 
C)  as a nucleic acid 
D)  as an amino acid 
E)  as a fatty acid

Question 20

Which of the following is true of the base composition of DNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  moles of adenine = moles of cytosine 
B)  moles of adenine = moles of guanine 
C)  moles of adenine = moles of thymine 
D)  none of these 
A)  moles of adenine = moles of cytosine 
B)  moles of adenine = moles of guanine 
C)  moles of adenine = moles of thymine 
D)  none of these

Exam 24: Nucleotides, Nucleic Acids, and Heredity

Which of the following is true of the base composition of DNA?

Ribosomes are made up of how many subunits?

Which of the following is true of B-DNA?

What are satellites?

Which of the following has a primary amine as part of its structure?

Which of the following describes the typical composition of a ribosome?

How do siRNAs help in the treatment of Ebola virus in monkeys?

Which pair of bases is linked together by three hydrogen bonds?

Which type of RNA is important in the timing of an organism's development?

What is DNA replication?

Which of the following scientists confirmed that DNA is the molecule that carries hereditary information?

How many phosphate groups are part of a nucleotide?

Which of the following statements is true of telomerase?

Which of the following statements is true of miRNAs?

Which of the following enzymes facilitate the relaxation of supercoiling in DNA?

Which of the following types of RNA is important in controlling gene expression?

Which of the following correctly describes exons and introns?

How many different components make up a nucleoside?

Examine the following structural formula containing guanine, a sugar, and phosphate groups. Which of the following correctly classifies this substance?

Which of the following is true of the base composition of DNA?

Matter, Energy, and Measurement

Atoms

Chemical Bonds

Chemical Reactions

Gases, Liquids, and Solids

Solutions and Colloids

Reaction Rates and Chemical Equilibrium

Acids and Bases

Nuclear Chemistry

Organic Chemistry

Alkanes

Alkenes, Alkynes, and Aromatic Compounds

Alcohols, Ethers, and Thiols

Chirality: the Handedness of Molecules

Amines

Aldehydes and Ketones

Carboxylic Acids

Carboxylic Anhydrides, Esters, and Amides

Carbohydrates

Lipids

Proteins

Enzymes

Chemical Communications: Neurotransmitters and Hormones

Gene Expression and Protein Synthesis

Bioenergetics: How the Body Converts Food to Energy

Specific Catabolic Pathways: Carbohydrate, Lipid, and Protein Metabolism

Biosynthetic Pathways

Nutrition

Immunochemistry

Body Fluids

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