Question 1

The middle portion of a leaf that is sandwiched between the upper and lower epidermis is called the:

Accepted Answer

A)  mesoderm. 
B)  middle lamella. 
C)  mesophyte. 
D)  bundle sheath. 
E)  mesophyll. 
A)  mesoderm. 
B)  middle lamella. 
C)  mesophyte. 
D)  bundle sheath. 
E)  mesophyll. E

Question 2

Photosynthesis occurs mainly in the leaf's:

Accepted Answer

A)  subsidiary cells. 
B)  bundle sheath extensions. 
C)  palisade mesophyll. 
D)  trichomes. 
E)  vascular bundles. 
A)  subsidiary cells. 
B)  bundle sheath extensions. 
C)  palisade mesophyll. 
D)  trichomes. 
E)  vascular bundles. C

Question 3

Match between columns
                        Premises: leaf forms a sheath at the leaf base
have a petiole
mesophyll usually differentiated into palisade and spongy layers
exhibit palmately netted venation
exhibit pinnately netted venation
guard cells may be dumbbell-shaped
exhibit parallel venation

Accepted Answer

The Answer of monocots and eudicots is...

Question 4

The area of the angle between the stem and the petiole is referred to as the:

Accepted Answer

A)  axil. 
B)  blade. 
C)  petiole. 
D)  stipule. 
E)  trichome. 
A)  axil. 
B)  blade. 
C)  petiole. 
D)  stipule. 
E)  trichome.

Question 5

The spines of a cactus are actually modified:

Accepted Answer

A)  branches. 
B)  stems. 
C)  leaves. 
D)  roots. 
E)  trichomes. 
A)  branches. 
B)  stems. 
C)  leaves. 
D)  roots. 
E)  trichomes.

Question 6

Explain how the structure of a leaf contributes to the function of photosynthesis.

Accepted Answer

Concepts to Consider: Epidermis--transpa

Question 7

Leaf abscission is initiated and orchestrated by changing levels of the plant hormone ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ethylene 
B)  cytokinin 
C)  auxin 
D)  abscisic acid 
E)  gibberellin 
A)  ethylene 
B)  cytokinin 
C)  auxin 
D)  abscisic acid 
E)  gibberellin

Question 8

Match between columns
                        Premises: stores food or water
hard and pointed leaves for deterring herbivores
associated with flower clusters
attach growing plant to its support structure
protect delicate meristematic tissue of buds

Accepted Answer

The Answer of brachts and tendrils and spines and bulb is...

Question 9

A(n) alternate leaf arrangement is one in which there is one leaf per node.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

The broad, flat part of a leaf is called the ____, while the stalk that attaches the leaf to the stem is called the ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  stipule; petiole 
B)  blade; stipule 
C)  stipule; axil 
D)  petiole; axil 
E)  blade; petiole 
A)  stipule; petiole 
B)  blade; stipule 
C)  stipule; axil 
D)  petiole; axil 
E)  blade; petiole

Question 11

Describe the benefits of transpiration to plants.

Accepted Answer

Concepts to Consider: Transpiration is r

Question 12

Stomata are:

Accepted Answer

A)  waxy layers that cover leaves. 
B)  openings in the leaf epidermis. 
C)  extensions of bundle sheaths. 
D)  particularly numerous on the upper epidermis. 
E)  guarded by two stipule cells. 
A)  waxy layers that cover leaves. 
B)  openings in the leaf epidermis. 
C)  extensions of bundle sheaths. 
D)  particularly numerous on the upper epidermis. 
E)  guarded by two stipule cells.

Question 13

Insectivorous plants:

Accepted Answer

A)  typically grow in nutrient-rich soil. 
B)  enhance a poor supply of CO2 through capturing prey. 
C)  use modified leaves to trap their prey. 
D)  require symbiotic insects and insect larvae to digest their prey. 
E)  require microorganisms to digest their prey. 
A)  typically grow in nutrient-rich soil. 
B)  enhance a poor supply of CO2 through capturing prey. 
C)  use modified leaves to trap their prey. 
D)  require symbiotic insects and insect larvae to digest their prey. 
E)  require microorganisms to digest their prey.

Question 14

Explain how the movement of hydrogen and potassium ions across the membranes of guard cells opens and closes the stomata.

Accepted Answer

Concepts to Consider: Light triggers H⁺ t

Question 15

____ light triggers stomatal opening.

Accepted Answer

A)  Red 
B)  Blue 
C)  Orange 
D)  Green 
E)  Yellow 
A)  Red 
B)  Blue 
C)  Orange 
D)  Green 
E)  Yellow

Question 16

Epidermal cells secrete a ____ to reduce water loss.

Accepted Answer

A)  trichome 
B)  cuticle 
C)  oily substance 
D)  upper epidermis 
E)  stipules 
A)  trichome 
B)  cuticle 
C)  oily substance 
D)  upper epidermis 
E)  stipules

Question 17

In cactus plants, the__________ is the main organ of photosynthesis.

Accepted Answer

A)  leaf 
B)  spine 
C)  stem 
D)  flower 
E)  fruit 
A)  leaf 
B)  spine 
C)  stem 
D)  flower 
E)  fruit

Question 18

Subsidiary cells are the only epidermal cells that have chloroplasts.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Leaves:

Accepted Answer

A)  represent a fairly small fraction of the overall metabolic budget for a plant. 
B)  depend on the roots to supply CO2. 
C)  are the main photosynthetic organ of most plants. 
D)  are the main site of water uptake in plants. 
E)  prevent CO2 and O2 from entering the plant. 
A)  represent a fairly small fraction of the overall metabolic budget for a plant. 
B)  depend on the roots to supply CO2. 
C)  are the main photosynthetic organ of most plants. 
D)  are the main site of water uptake in plants. 
E)  prevent CO2 and O2 from entering the plant.

Question 20

Figure 34-2   In the accompanying figure, the palisade mesophyll is labeled with the number:

Accepted Answer

A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  6 
E)  9 
A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  6 
E)  9

Exam 34: Leaf Structure and Function

The middle portion of a leaf that is sandwiched between the upper and lower epidermis is called the:

Photosynthesis occurs mainly in the leaf's:

The area of the angle between the stem and the petiole is referred to as the:

The spines of a cactus are actually modified:

Explain how the structure of a leaf contributes to the function of photosynthesis.

Leaf abscission is initiated and orchestrated by changing levels of the plant hormone ____.

A(n) alternate leaf arrangement is one in which there is one leaf per node.

The broad, flat part of a leaf is called the ____, while the stalk that attaches the leaf to the stem is called the ____.

Describe the benefits of transpiration to plants.

Stomata are:

Insectivorous plants:

Explain how the movement of hydrogen and potassium ions across the membranes of guard cells opens and closes the stomata.

____ light triggers stomatal opening.

Epidermal cells secrete a ____ to reduce water loss.

In cactus plants, the__________ is the main organ of photosynthesis.

Subsidiary cells are the only epidermal cells that have chloroplasts.

Leaves:

Figure 34-2 In the accompanying figure, the palisade mesophyll is labeled with the number:

A View of Life

Atoms and Molecules the Chemical Basis of Life

The Chemistry of Life Organic Compounds

Organization of the Cell

Biological Membranes

Cell Communication

Energy and Metabolism

How Cells Make Atp Energy-Releasing Pathways

Photosynthesis Capturing Light Energy

Chromosomes, Mitosis, and Meiosis

The Basic Principles of Heredity

Dna the Carrier of Genetic Information

Gene Expression

Gene Regulation

Dna Technology and Genomics

Human Genetics and the Human Genome

Developmental Genetics

Introduction to Darwinian Evolution

Evolutionary Change in Populations

Speciation and Macroevolution

The Origin and Evolutionary History of Life

The Evolution of Primates

Understanding Diversity Systematics

Viruses and Subviral Agents

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

The Fungi

An Introduction to Animal Diversity

Sponges, Cnidarians, Ctenophores, and Protostomes

The Deuterostomes

Plant Structure Growth and Development

Stem Structure and Transport

Roots and Mineral Nutrition

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Developmental Responses to External and Internal Signals

Animal Structure and Function an Introduction

Protection Support and Movement

Neural Signaling

Neural Regulation

Sensory Systems

Internal Transport

The Immune System Internal Defense

Gas Exchange

Processing Food and Nutrition

Osmoregulation and Disposal of Metabolic Wastes

Endocrine Regulation

Reproduction

Animal Development

Animal Behavior

Introduction to Ecology Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and the Biosphere

Ecology and the Geography of Life

Biological Diversity and Conservation Biology

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The broad, flat part of a leaf is called the , while the stalk that attaches the leaf to the stem is called the .