Question 1

Describe the neurophysiological changes that are involved in long-term memory.

Accepted Answer

Concepts to Consider: Long-lasting changes in postsynaptic neurons; receptors are activated; G proteins are activated; cyclic AMP acts as second messenger; protein kinase is activated, enters nucleus, and phosphorylates CREB; CREB activates transcription of certain genes and proteins produced.

Question 2

During conscious, quiet rest, the brain is emitting:

Accepted Answer

A)  alpha rhythm patterns. 
B)  beta rhythm patterns. 
C)  delta waves. 
D)  gamma waves. 
E)  theta waves. 
A)  alpha rhythm patterns. 
B)  beta rhythm patterns. 
C)  delta waves. 
D)  gamma waves. 
E)  theta waves. A

Question 3

Figure 42-1   Based on the accompanying figure, the ____ is much more developed in amphibians than in reptiles.

Accepted Answer

A)  cerebellum 
B)  cerebrum 
C)  optic lobe 
D)  olfactory tract 
E)  corpus striatum 
A)  cerebellum 
B)  cerebrum 
C)  optic lobe 
D)  olfactory tract 
E)  corpus striatum C

Question 4

The hindbrain gives rise to the metencephalon and myelencephalon. 
____________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

What is a characteristic of a reflex action?

Accepted Answer

A)  Reflex actions are involuntary motor responses. 
B)  Reflex actions require conscious thought. 
C)  Reflex actions control the interpretation of sensory signals. 
D)  Reflex actions are spontaneous. 
E)  Reflex actions involve five types of neurons. 
A)  Reflex actions are involuntary motor responses. 
B)  Reflex actions require conscious thought. 
C)  Reflex actions control the interpretation of sensory signals. 
D)  Reflex actions are spontaneous. 
E)  Reflex actions involve five types of neurons.

Question 6

Severing the corpus callosum would not specifically affect:

Accepted Answer

A)  a person's ability to interpret speech. 
B)  a person's sense of balance. 
C)  the pathway connecting the brain and the spinal cord. 
D)  communication between the two hemispheres. 
E)  the withdrawal reflex. 
A)  a person's ability to interpret speech. 
B)  a person's sense of balance. 
C)  the pathway connecting the brain and the spinal cord. 
D)  communication between the two hemispheres. 
E)  the withdrawal reflex.

Question 7

Which of the following structures is responsible for the control of the heartbeat and blood pressure?

Accepted Answer

A)  pons 
B)  hypothalamus 
C)  medulla 
D)  cerebellum 
E)  thalamus 
A)  pons 
B)  hypothalamus 
C)  medulla 
D)  cerebellum 
E)  thalamus

Question 8

Figure 42-2   Refer to the accompanying figure. The neuron labeled as 3 is a(n):

Accepted Answer

A)  interneuron in the gray mater of the cord. 
B)  interneuron in the white mater of the cord. 
C)  sensory neuron in the gray mater of the cord. 
D)  sensory neuron in the white mater of the cord. 
E)  motor neuron in the gray mater of the cord. 
A)  interneuron in the gray mater of the cord. 
B)  interneuron in the white mater of the cord. 
C)  sensory neuron in the gray mater of the cord. 
D)  sensory neuron in the white mater of the cord. 
E)  motor neuron in the gray mater of the cord.

Question 9

Which portion of the brain contains centers for control of body temperature, appetite, and fat metabolism?

Accepted Answer

A)  hypothalamus 
B)  cerebellum 
C)  midbrain 
D)  thalamus 
E)  pons 
A)  hypothalamus 
B)  cerebellum 
C)  midbrain 
D)  thalamus 
E)  pons

Question 10

The ability of synaptic connections to change in response to experience is known as synaptic:

Accepted Answer

A)  transformity. 
B)  plasticity. 
C)  conversion. 
D)  modulation. 
E)  potentiation. 
A)  transformity. 
B)  plasticity. 
C)  conversion. 
D)  modulation. 
E)  potentiation.

Question 11

What is a characteristic of REM sleep?

Accepted Answer

A)  During the REM stage, delta waves are emitted. 
B)  Most people spend almost all of their sleep time in the REM stage. 
C)  The preoptic area of the hypothalamus stimulates REM sleep. 
D)  During REM sleep, blood flow to the frontal lobe increases. 
E)  Brain waves change to a desynchronized pattern during REM sleep. 
A)  During the REM stage, delta waves are emitted. 
B)  Most people spend almost all of their sleep time in the REM stage. 
C)  The preoptic area of the hypothalamus stimulates REM sleep. 
D)  During REM sleep, blood flow to the frontal lobe increases. 
E)  Brain waves change to a desynchronized pattern during REM sleep.

Question 12

Compare and contrast the organization of invertebrate and vertebrate nervous systems.

Accepted Answer

Concepts to Consider: Invertebrate nervo

Question 13

The difference between the gray and white matter of the cerebrum is that:

Accepted Answer

A)  gray matter makes up the core, while white matter makes up the cortex. 
B)  gray matter contains dendrites, while white matter contains cell bodies. 
C)  gray matter contains unmyelinated axons, while white matter contains cell bodies. 
D)  gray matter contains cell bodies, while white matter mostly contains myelinated axons. 
E)  gray matter is in the right hemisphere, while white matter is in the left one. 
A)  gray matter makes up the core, while white matter makes up the cortex. 
B)  gray matter contains dendrites, while white matter contains cell bodies. 
C)  gray matter contains unmyelinated axons, while white matter contains cell bodies. 
D)  gray matter contains cell bodies, while white matter mostly contains myelinated axons. 
E)  gray matter is in the right hemisphere, while white matter is in the left one.

Question 14

Broca's area is involved in:

Accepted Answer

A)  sensing sound waves. 
B)  speech comprehension. 
C)  the movement of vocal chords. 
D)  the recognition of spoken words. 
E)  the recognition of written words. 
A)  sensing sound waves. 
B)  speech comprehension. 
C)  the movement of vocal chords. 
D)  the recognition of spoken words. 
E)  the recognition of written words.

Question 15

Wernicke's area of the temporal lobe is involved in the:

Accepted Answer

A)  body's biological clock. 
B)  coordination of motor activity. 
C)  recognition and interpretation of words. 
D)  processing of chemical stimuli. 
E)  processing of visual stimuli. 
A)  body's biological clock. 
B)  coordination of motor activity. 
C)  recognition and interpretation of words. 
D)  processing of chemical stimuli. 
E)  processing of visual stimuli.

Question 16

The central nervous system contains:

Accepted Answer

A)  all sympathetic nerves. 
B)  all parasympathetic nerves. 
C)  all sensory receptors. 
D)  only the cerebrum and cerebellum. 
E)  a brain and a dorsal tubular spinal cord. 
A)  all sympathetic nerves. 
B)  all parasympathetic nerves. 
C)  all sensory receptors. 
D)  only the cerebrum and cerebellum. 
E)  a brain and a dorsal tubular spinal cord.

Question 17

As a consequence of your reticular activating center (RAS) bombarding your cerebral cortex, you feel sleepy . 
____________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

What evolutionary advances are demonstrated in the nervous systems of bilaterally symmetrical animals?

Accepted Answer

Concepts to Consider: 1 increased number

Question 19

The sensory nerves of the somatic portion of the peripheral nervous system:

Accepted Answer

A)  transmit information from internal receptors to the central nervous system. 
B)  transmit information from sensory organs to the central nervous system. 
C)  transmit information from the central nervous system to glands. 
D)  transmit information from the central nervous system to skeletal muscles. 
E)  regulate cardiac activity. 
A)  transmit information from internal receptors to the central nervous system. 
B)  transmit information from sensory organs to the central nervous system. 
C)  transmit information from the central nervous system to glands. 
D)  transmit information from the central nervous system to skeletal muscles. 
E)  regulate cardiac activity.

Question 20

Which person is most likely using implicit memory?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sylvia, who recalls the cranial nerves for a test 
B)  Connor, who recognizes the face of someone in a crowd 
C)  Alexis, who remembers the smell of her grandmother's kitchen 
D)  Fabio, who tries to remember his father's birthday 
E)  Dan, who plays the guitar 
A)  Sylvia, who recalls the cranial nerves for a test 
B)  Connor, who recognizes the face of someone in a crowd 
C)  Alexis, who remembers the smell of her grandmother's kitchen 
D)  Fabio, who tries to remember his father's birthday 
E)  Dan, who plays the guitar

Exam 42: Neural Regulation

Describe the neurophysiological changes that are involved in long-term memory.

During conscious, quiet rest, the brain is emitting:

Figure 42-1 Based on the accompanying figure, the ____ is much more developed in amphibians than in reptiles.

The hindbrain gives rise to the metencephalon and myelencephalon. ____________________

What is a characteristic of a reflex action?

Severing the corpus callosum would not specifically affect:

Which of the following structures is responsible for the control of the heartbeat and blood pressure?

Figure 42-2 Refer to the accompanying figure. The neuron labeled as 3 is a(n):

Which portion of the brain contains centers for control of body temperature, appetite, and fat metabolism?

The ability of synaptic connections to change in response to experience is known as synaptic:

What is a characteristic of REM sleep?

Compare and contrast the organization of invertebrate and vertebrate nervous systems.

The difference between the gray and white matter of the cerebrum is that:

Broca's area is involved in:

Wernicke's area of the temporal lobe is involved in the:

The central nervous system contains:

As a consequence of your reticular activating center (RAS) bombarding your cerebral cortex, you feel sleepy . ____________________

What evolutionary advances are demonstrated in the nervous systems of bilaterally symmetrical animals?

The sensory nerves of the somatic portion of the peripheral nervous system:

Which person is most likely using implicit memory?

A View of Life

Atoms and Molecules the Chemical Basis of Life

The Chemistry of Life Organic Compounds

Organization of the Cell

Biological Membranes

Cell Communication

Energy and Metabolism

How Cells Make Atp Energy-Releasing Pathways

Photosynthesis Capturing Light Energy

Chromosomes, Mitosis, and Meiosis

The Basic Principles of Heredity

Dna the Carrier of Genetic Information

Gene Expression

Gene Regulation

Dna Technology and Genomics

Human Genetics and the Human Genome

Developmental Genetics

Introduction to Darwinian Evolution

Evolutionary Change in Populations

Speciation and Macroevolution

The Origin and Evolutionary History of Life

The Evolution of Primates

Understanding Diversity Systematics

Viruses and Subviral Agents

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

The Fungi

An Introduction to Animal Diversity

Sponges, Cnidarians, Ctenophores, and Protostomes

The Deuterostomes

Plant Structure Growth and Development

Leaf Structure and Function

Stem Structure and Transport

Roots and Mineral Nutrition

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Developmental Responses to External and Internal Signals

Animal Structure and Function an Introduction

Protection Support and Movement

Neural Signaling

Sensory Systems

Internal Transport

The Immune System Internal Defense

Gas Exchange

Processing Food and Nutrition

Osmoregulation and Disposal of Metabolic Wastes

Endocrine Regulation

Reproduction

Animal Development

Animal Behavior

Introduction to Ecology Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and the Biosphere

Ecology and the Geography of Life

Biological Diversity and Conservation Biology

Filters