Exam 3: Learning to Be a Criminal: Differential Association, Subcultural, and Social Learning Theories

Which of the following is true according to Akers's theory of social structure and social learning?

In Akers's social learning theory, removing an aversive stimulus is referred to as

Discuss in detail three major criticisms of differential association theory.

In Akers's social learning theory, which of the following concepts refers to the attitudes or meanings that are attached to a behavior?

Overall, research to date on macro-level learning theories suggests which of the following?

Which of the following is true about girls and the street code, according to Anderson's work?

Describe how the process of social learning changes after initiation into deviance. In doing so, highlight the feedback effects among the theory's central concepts.

Why does crime initially occur, according to social learning theory? Describe the theory's central concepts and propositions.

How does Akers extend his earlier work on social learning theory with the idea of social structure and social learning?

According to Akers's social learning theory, which of the following is true?

Which criminologist(s) argued that higher rates of crime are found in lower-class areas because members of the lower class have a culture that values trouble, toughness, smartness, and excitement?