Exam 20: Walking, Flying, and Swimming: Cellular Mechanisms of Sensorimotor Behavior in Invertebrates

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Which of these is not an advantage to the use of invertebrates to study the neural basis of behavior?

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Question 1

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Which of the species below is studied because its relatively simple behaviors are controlled by a small number of easily observable, large neurons?

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Select one of the invertebrate models described in your textbook, and explain two advantages of using that model for neuroscience research.

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The leech offers several advantages over vertebrate models for neuroscience research. One of these is that leech ganglia have a small number of relatively large neurons, so that specific neurons can be identified and recorded. A second advantage is that leeches produce behavior that is complex enough to be interesting, such as rhythmic locomotion and habituation, but also simple enough to identify the neural circuitry that produces it.

A command neuron is a specific type of neuron that coordinates

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Question 4

In the leech, AE neurons and L neurons, respectively, function to

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Question 5

Experiments with crayfish have demonstrated that direct illumination of these receptive fields tends to produce a withdrawal rather than a forward walking response.

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Question 6

Sequences of rhythmic behavior, such as backward walking in the crayfish and swimming in the leech, rely on

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Question 7

Ants are able to use the sun for navigation, despite its movement through the sky, by

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Question 8

Explain how an illumination stimulus can lead sometimes to withdrawal and sometimes to approach in crayfish.

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Question 9

If a researcher were to place a dome over a navigating desert ant that filters polarized light as it travels, she would expect to see

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Question 10

The twisted rhabdomeres in certain ommatidia of the honeybee serve the function of allowing

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Question 11

The central nervous system of the leech consists of

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Question 12

Imagine that you are a researcher interested in identifying the neural mechanisms responsible for a simple escape response from a strong (noxious) stimulus. What model would you select, and why?

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Question 13

Compared to insect and crustacean models used in neuroscience, the leech has

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Question 14

Describe one way that learning plays a role in spatial navigation in ants.

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Question 15

Describe two stimuli that bees use to navigate through space.

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Question 16

The desert ant Cataglyphis bicolor uses this as a primary stimulus for navigating back to its nest after a foraging trip.

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Question 17

T, P, and N neurons in the leech respond to this type of stimulation.

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Question 18

Habituation in the leech can be demonstrated by

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Question 19

If researchers were to damage the dorsal rim of the eyes of the desert ant, then observe its foraging behavior, they might expect to observe

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Question 20

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Exam 20: Walking, Flying, and Swimming: Cellular Mechanisms of Sensorimotor Behavior in Invertebrates

Which of these is not an advantage to the use of invertebrates to study the neural basis of behavior?

Which of the species below is studied because its relatively simple behaviors are controlled by a small number of easily observable, large neurons?

Select one of the invertebrate models described in your textbook, and explain two advantages of using that model for neuroscience research.

A command neuron is a specific type of neuron that coordinates

In the leech, AE neurons and L neurons, respectively, function to

Experiments with crayfish have demonstrated that direct illumination of these receptive fields tends to produce a withdrawal rather than a forward walking response.

Sequences of rhythmic behavior, such as backward walking in the crayfish and swimming in the leech, rely on

Ants are able to use the sun for navigation, despite its movement through the sky, by

Explain how an illumination stimulus can lead sometimes to withdrawal and sometimes to approach in crayfish.

If a researcher were to place a dome over a navigating desert ant that filters polarized light as it travels, she would expect to see

The twisted rhabdomeres in certain ommatidia of the honeybee serve the function of allowing

The central nervous system of the leech consists of

Imagine that you are a researcher interested in identifying the neural mechanisms responsible for a simple escape response from a strong (noxious) stimulus. What model would you select, and why?

Compared to insect and crustacean models used in neuroscience, the leech has

Describe one way that learning plays a role in spatial navigation in ants.

Describe two stimuli that bees use to navigate through space.

The desert ant Cataglyphis bicolor uses this as a primary stimulus for navigating back to its nest after a foraging trip.

T, P, and N neurons in the leech respond to this type of stimulation.

Habituation in the leech can be demonstrated by

If researchers were to damage the dorsal rim of the eyes of the desert ant, then observe its foraging behavior, they might expect to observe

Principles of Signaling and Organization

Signaling in the Visual System

Functional Architecture of the Visual Cortex

Ion Channels and Signaling

Structure of Ion Channels

Ionic Basis of the Resting Potential

Ionic Basis of the Action Potential

Electrical Signaling in Neurons

Ion Transport Across Cell Membranes

Properties and Functions of Neuroglial Cells

Mechanisms of Direct Synaptic Transmission

Indirect Mechanisms of Synaptic Transmission

Release of Neurotransmitters

Neurotransmitters in the Central Nervous System

Transmitter Synthesis, Storage, Transport, and Inactivation

Synaptic Plasticity

The Molecular and Cellular Biology of Synaptic Plasticity

Mechanisms of Extrasynaptic Communication

Autonomic Nervous System

Sensory Transduction

Transduction and Transmission in the Retina

Touch, Pain, and Texture Sensation

Auditory and Vestibular Sensation

Constructing Perception

Initiation and Control of Coordinated Muscular Movements

Development of the Nervous System

Critical Periods in Sensory Systems

Regeneration and Repair of Synaptic Connections After Injury

Appendix

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