Exam 12: Organizational Change and Learning

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In writings separated by nearly five decades, influential industrial-organizational theorists Mary Parker Follett and Chris Argyris both highlighted the importance of allowing _______________ throughout the change process.

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During change processes, it is not uncommon for organizational members to become overloaded with information and to have work processes disrupted. What do researchers like Herold and his colleagues (2008) recommend for dealing with this?

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Demonstrate how systematic change management has been a recurrent theme in industrial-organizational psychology's history.

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Mary Parker Follet's work Creative Experience, published in 1924, recommended that employees participation in the change process through coordination of the change process (people impacted, involvement in early stages, and involvement through continuous processes). Kurt Lewin developed one of the earliest foundational models of planned organization change, in the 1950s, with his unfreezing-moving-freezing model of organizational change. Chris Argyris, in the 1970s, encouraged the engagement of employees in change management, similar to Parker Follett's ideas, and suggested offering a choice of preferred intervention type to the employees who are to be most impacted by the change intervention as a mechanism for ensuring that the change is successfully implemented. Porras and collegues, in contemporary times, advise using change targets (change agents) who will model, supervise, and support a flexible framework for implementing change throughout the organization.

In the I-P-O model, this stage is characterized by how information is analyzed and reorganized.

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Joaquin is reviewing the literature on the processes involved in introducing organizational change within businesses. Which of the following ideas is consistent with a tenet of the punctuated equilibrium model?

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Randi has identified how the sales figures in her company have been under the estimates for the past five quarters. This has led her to redesign how her sales team attempts to balance starting new accounts with efforts to increase current accounts. She has recently given bonuses to persons who opened the most new accounts in the past two quarters. Her ideas for change most closely follow _______________.

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What are some key ideas for organizational leaders to remember regarding change management and development?

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Russell created several committees, with employees from all levels, when it was determined that the organizational culture needed to change. He hopes the committees with adopt policies that allow for flexibility during the change process. This is an example of a _______________ intervention.

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The key skills for facilitating successful change management are _______________.

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Cosette is the CEO of a company who has initiated a change with little input from her employees. She directed her employees to always greet a customer when they first come in contact with them in the store. This is an example of a _______________ intervention.

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This type of organizational learning involves "learning about learning." It involves studying and learning from the context in which learning occurred to determine what facilitated or inhibited the learning process.

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Discuss the necessity of change for organizations and the importance of managing change properly.

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In general, "changing" interventions have many advantages of "change to" interventions because of the former involve greater levels of employee participation and buy-in to the processes. What is an important disadvantage of "changing" interventions relative to "change to" interventions?

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What organizational change information-gathering method obtains feedback quickly from a large number of employees and/or customers quickly with minimal cost from face-face interactions during the information-gathering activities?

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One aspect that is necessary for successful organizational change as well as organizational learning is the presence of innovation. Which of the following is a key component of the innovation process?

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_______________ is an idea, practice, or object that is new and is adopted by an individual or team.

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Describe the benefits an organizations gains from "changing" through the strategic planning process.

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This form of organizational learning involves changes in individual behaviors or processes but not organizational processes.

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An intervention that is imposed through a top-down hierarchy via directive leadership is called a __________________.

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Contrast the "change to" and "changing" approaches to organizational change.

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