Question 1

Telephone interviews are often used to obtain a quick, geographically diverse sample.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 2

Why is it best to select instruments that have been used in other studies?

Accepted Answer

It is best to select instruments that have been used in other studies because many of them have been shown to produce reliable and valid data with the same types of participants and for the same research purpose.

Question 3

The following is/are examples of an objective test:

Accepted Answer

A)  Essay test 
B)  Projective test 
C)  Multiple choice test 
D)  a and c 
E)  All of the above 
A)  Essay test 
B)  Projective test 
C)  Multiple choice test 
D)  a and c 
E)  All of the above C

Question 4

The following is/are true about aptitude tests:

Accepted Answer

A)  Performance is determined by genetic inheritance 
B)  Knowledge of specific content, such as geography or science is assessed 
C)  General problem-solving abilities are assessed 
D)  These tests measure perceptions of groups 
A)  Performance is determined by genetic inheritance 
B)  Knowledge of specific content, such as geography or science is assessed 
C)  General problem-solving abilities are assessed 
D)  These tests measure perceptions of groups

Question 5

Quantitative researchers prefer to use naturalistic settings for their research.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Which of the following is an important selection criterion for data collection instruments?

Accepted Answer

A)  Evidence of reliability 
B)  Evidence of validity 
C)  Participants are similar to population of interest 
D)  All of the above 
A)  Evidence of reliability 
B)  Evidence of validity 
C)  Participants are similar to population of interest 
D)  All of the above

Question 7

The following is/are true of open-ended questions:

Accepted Answer

A)  Each participant must formulate his answer to the questions with his own words 
B)  Data preparation and coding are usually labor-intensive 
C)  They are useful when the researcher is not sure of all the possible responses 
D)  All of the above 
A)  Each participant must formulate his answer to the questions with his own words 
B)  Data preparation and coding are usually labor-intensive 
C)  They are useful when the researcher is not sure of all the possible responses 
D)  All of the above

Question 8

The following is/are not true of directly administered questionnaires:

Accepted Answer

A)  They can be quite cost-effective 
B)  There is usually a high response rate 
C)  Probability sampling is typically used 
D)  All of the above 
A)  They can be quite cost-effective 
B)  There is usually a high response rate 
C)  Probability sampling is typically used 
D)  All of the above

Question 9

A researcher develops an achievement test for Native American middle school children. The following is/are true regarding the development of such a measure:

Accepted Answer

A)  The test must be comprehensive and cover reading, language, and arithmetic 
B)  The test must show evidence of reliability and validity for Native American middle school children 
C)  The test must be normed against scores for Anglo middle school children 
D)  All of the above 
A)  The test must be comprehensive and cover reading, language, and arithmetic 
B)  The test must show evidence of reliability and validity for Native American middle school children 
C)  The test must be normed against scores for Anglo middle school children 
D)  All of the above

Question 10

In-depth interviews can be coded on the spot because they use close-ended questions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

The following is/are true of observations in naturalistic settings:

Accepted Answer

A)  They tend to have high ecological validity 
B)  Stimuli can be controlled in a systematic way 
C)  Computer-based observational aides are frequently used 
D)  All of the above 
A)  They tend to have high ecological validity 
B)  Stimuli can be controlled in a systematic way 
C)  Computer-based observational aides are frequently used 
D)  All of the above

Question 12

What is the most accurate and desirable method of recording behavior?

Accepted Answer

Direct observation b

Question 13

Open-ended questions are more successfully employed with interviews than questionnaires.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

The validity of paper and pencil personality inventories depends on:

Accepted Answer

A)  Respondents' willingness to give honest answers 
B)  Respondents' ability to read and understand the questions 
C)  The ease of administration and scoring 
D)  a and b 
A)  Respondents' willingness to give honest answers 
B)  Respondents' ability to read and understand the questions 
C)  The ease of administration and scoring 
D)  a and b

Question 15

Quantitative researchers are concerned about self-report measures' validity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

The following is/are example(s) of researcher report measures:

Accepted Answer

A)  Attitude scale 
B)  Personality scale 
C)  Physiological recording 
D)  Questionnaire 
A)  Attitude scale 
B)  Personality scale 
C)  Physiological recording 
D)  Questionnaire

Question 17

Semantic differential scales measure attitudes with sets of bipolar adjective sets.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Researcher report measures are used by quantitative researchers, because they are not affected by cultural biases.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Observational techniques vary according to:

Accepted Answer

A)  Whether observations are direct or indirect 
B)  The naturalness of the setting 
C)  The degree of observer participation 
D)  All of the above 
A)  Whether observations are direct or indirect 
B)  The naturalness of the setting 
C)  The degree of observer participation 
D)  All of the above

Question 20

Surveys are intended to make inferences about a whole population based on a sample's responses to questions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 13: Types of Data Collection Techniques

Telephone interviews are often used to obtain a quick, geographically diverse sample.

Why is it best to select instruments that have been used in other studies?

The following is/are examples of an objective test:

The following is/are true about aptitude tests:

Quantitative researchers prefer to use naturalistic settings for their research.

Which of the following is an important selection criterion for data collection instruments?

The following is/are true of open-ended questions:

The following is/are not true of directly administered questionnaires:

A researcher develops an achievement test for Native American middle school children. The following is/are true regarding the development of such a measure:

In-depth interviews can be coded on the spot because they use close-ended questions.

The following is/are true of observations in naturalistic settings:

What is the most accurate and desirable method of recording behavior?

Open-ended questions are more successfully employed with interviews than questionnaires.

The validity of paper and pencil personality inventories depends on:

Quantitative researchers are concerned about self-report measures' validity.

The following is/are example(s) of researcher report measures:

Semantic differential scales measure attitudes with sets of bipolar adjective sets.

Researcher report measures are used by quantitative researchers, because they are not affected by cultural biases.

Observational techniques vary according to:

Surveys are intended to make inferences about a whole population based on a sample's responses to questions.

Definitions, Purposes, and Dimensions of Research

Planning a Quantitative Research Project

Variables, Research Questions, and Hypotheses

Research Approaches

Randomized Experimental and Quasi-Experimental Designs

Single-Subject Designs

Nonexperimental Approachesdesigns

Internal Validity

Sampling and Introduction to External Validity

Measurement and Descriptive Statistics

Measurement Reliability

Measurement Validity

Ethical Issues in Conducting the Study

Practical Issues in Data Collection and Coding

Making Inferences From Sample Data I: The Null Hypothesis Significance Testing Approach

Making Inferences From Sample Data II: the Evidence-Based Approach

General Design Classifications for Selection of Difference Statistical Methods

Selection of Appropriate Statistical Methods: Integration of Design and Analysis

Data Analysis and Interpretation: Basic Difference Questions

Analysis and Interpretation of Basic Associational Research Questions

Analysis and Interpretation of Complex Research Questions

Evaluating Research Validity: Part I

Evaluating Research Validity: Part II

Evaluating Research for Evidence-Based Practice

Writing the Research Report

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