Exam 4: Social Structure and Interaction in Everyday Life.

Historically, the most common __________ statuses for women have related to positions in the family, such as daughter, wife, and mother.

Define roles, role expectations, role performance, role conflict, and role strain, and summarize their relationships.

Provide the definition of status and distinguish between ascribed status and achieved status.

According to sociologist Erving Goffman, ___________ refers to the strategies we use to rescue our performance when we experience a potential or actual embarrassing situation.

A __________ is a set of behavioral expectations associated with a given status.

Jane defines herself first and foremost as a student. For Jane, being a student is considered her ____ status.

State the definition of social institution and name the major institutions found in contemporary society. Discuss the views of functionalist and conflict theorist on social institutions.

__________, or presentation of self, refers to people's efforts to present themselves to others in ways that are most favorable to their own interests or image.

State the definition of social structure and explain why it is important for individuals and society.

Facebook, the social networking website, originated

Social structure is essential for the survival of society and for the well-being of individuals because it provides a social web of familial support and social relationships that connects each of us to the larger society.

Symbolic interaction theorists emphasize that social institutions exist because they perform five essential tasks: replacing members; teaching new members; producing, distributing, and consuming goods and services; preserving order; and providing and maintaining a sense of purpose.

A primary group is a small, less specialized group in which members engage in face-to-face, emotion-based interactions over an extended period of time. They include our family, close friends, and school or work related peer groups.

Sociologist Erving Goffman suggested that __________ (how we behave or conduct ourselves) is relative to social power. People in positions of dominance are allowed a wider range of permissible actions than are their subordinates.

Sociologist Emile Durkheim believed that people in industrial societies come to rely on one another in much the same way that the organs of the human body function interdependently. Social interaction is less personal, more status oriented, and more focused on specific goals and objectives. He referred to this condition as __________.

__________ are based on technology that mechanizes production. New technologies, such as cars, computers, electric lights, stereos, and cell phones have stimulated many changes.

The __________ theorists do not believe that social institutions work for the common good of everyone in society. For example, the homeless lack the power and resources to promote their own interests when they are opposed by dominant social groups.

Define social group and explain the difference between primary groups and secondary groups.

A(n) __________ status is a social position a person assumes voluntarily as a result of personal choice, merit, or direct effort.

Discuss the Facebook "revolution." How does Erving Goffman's concept of impression management relate to the development of these websites? Are you on Facebook? Why or why not? Do you have any concerns about being on it?