Question 1

What is the function of channelrhodopsin and halorhodopsins?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the function of channelrhodopsin and...

Question 2

On a probe test in the Morris water task, the hidden platform is removed.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Which statement(s) about memory and the brain is/are true? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  Memories result from behavioral experiences. 
B)  Synaptic changes recorded as LTP are memories 
C)  Studies of synaptic plasticity provide hypotheses about what molecules are involved in memory 
D)  Memories are directly observable. 
E)  None of the above 
A)  Memories result from behavioral experiences. 
B)  Synaptic changes recorded as LTP are memories 
C)  Studies of synaptic plasticity provide hypotheses about what molecules are involved in memory 
D)  Memories are directly observable. 
E)  None of the above

Question 4

Which statement(s) is/are true? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  DREADDS but not optogenetic method depend on viral vector delivery systems. 
B)  Both DREADDs and optogenetic methods depend on viral vector delivery systems. 
C)  Viral vector systems delivery genetic material. 
D)  When activated by light channelrhodopsins the neuron hyperpolarizes. 
E)  None of the above 
A)  DREADDS but not optogenetic method depend on viral vector delivery systems. 
B)  Both DREADDs and optogenetic methods depend on viral vector delivery systems. 
C)  Viral vector systems delivery genetic material. 
D)  When activated by light channelrhodopsins the neuron hyperpolarizes. 
E)  None of the above

Question 5

Which statement(s) about opsins is/are true? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  Channelrhodopsin can excite neurons by depolarizing them. 
B)  Channelrhodopsin can inhibit neurons by hyperpolarizing them. 
C)  Halorhodopsin can inhibit neurons by hyperpolarizing them. 
D)  Halorhodopsin can excite neurons by depolarizing them. 
E)  None of the above. 
A)  Channelrhodopsin can excite neurons by depolarizing them. 
B)  Channelrhodopsin can inhibit neurons by hyperpolarizing them. 
C)  Halorhodopsin can inhibit neurons by hyperpolarizing them. 
D)  Halorhodopsin can excite neurons by depolarizing them. 
E)  None of the above.

Question 6

What is the consolidation period?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the consolidation period?...

Question 7

List three differences between a short-term memory trace and a long-term memory trace.

Accepted Answer

The answer of List three differences between a short-term memory...

Question 8

When investigating a drug or some other manipulation that is hypothesized to strengthen a memory trace, researchers should use lower-intensity shock to avoid the _______ effect.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When investigating a drug or some other...

Question 9

Activation of channelrhodopsin by green light will allow sodium to enter the channel.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

When the response measure is at its maximum, researchers should be wary of the _______ effect.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When the response measure is at its...

Question 11

Viral vectors are used to deliver mRNA constructs to specific regions in the brain.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

In fear conditioning, the duration of the _______ response is an indicator of the strength of the memory.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In fear conditioning, the duration of the...

Question 13

Explain why genetic engineering is believed to be more precise than applying drugs in manipulating the molecules involved in memory.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain why genetic engineering is believed to...

Question 14

Behavior is the product of many subcomponent systems.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

_______ allows scientists to control one type of cell without altering other types.

Accepted Answer

The answer of _______ allows scientists to control one type...

Question 16

Which statement(s) is/are true? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  Short-term memories are in an active state. 
B)  Short-term memories are more vulnerable to disruption than long-term memories. 
C)  Long-term memories are more resistant to disruption than short-term memories. 
D)  Long-term memories have a faster decay rate than short-term memories. 
E)  None of the above 
A)  Short-term memories are in an active state. 
B)  Short-term memories are more vulnerable to disruption than long-term memories. 
C)  Long-term memories are more resistant to disruption than short-term memories. 
D)  Long-term memories have a faster decay rate than short-term memories. 
E)  None of the above

Question 17

When memories are consolidated, they _______. (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  become susceptible to disruption. 
B)  can no longer be retrieved. 
C)  decay at a faster rate. 
D)  can never be disrupted. 
E)  None of the above 
A)  become susceptible to disruption. 
B)  can no longer be retrieved. 
C)  decay at a faster rate. 
D)  can never be disrupted. 
E)  None of the above

Question 18

The existence of a memory trace is inferred when the training experience influences behavior.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

LTP is memory.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Explain the floor effect.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain the floor effect....

What is the function of channelrhodopsin and halorhodopsins?

On a probe test in the Morris water task, the hidden platform is removed.

Which statement(s) about memory and the brain is/are true? (Select all that apply.)

Which statement(s) is/are true? (Select all that apply.)

Which statement(s) about opsins is/are true? (Select all that apply.)

What is the consolidation period?

List three differences between a short-term memory trace and a long-term memory trace.

When investigating a drug or some other manipulation that is hypothesized to strengthen a memory trace, researchers should use lower-intensity shock to avoid the _______ effect.

Activation of channelrhodopsin by green light will allow sodium to enter the channel.

When the response measure is at its maximum, researchers should be wary of the _______ effect.

Viral vectors are used to deliver mRNA constructs to specific regions in the brain.

In fear conditioning, the duration of the _______ response is an indicator of the strength of the memory.

Explain why genetic engineering is believed to be more precise than applying drugs in manipulating the molecules involved in memory.

Behavior is the product of many subcomponent systems.

_______ allows scientists to control one type of cell without altering other types.

Which statement(s) is/are true? (Select all that apply.)

When memories are consolidated, they _______. (Select all that apply.)

The existence of a memory trace is inferred when the training experience influences behavior.

LTP is memory.

Explain the floor effect.

Introduction: Fundamental Concepts and Historical Foundations

Memory and the Brain: Central Concepts

Generating Long-Term Potentiation

Stabilizing Long-Term Potentiation

Consolidating Ltp: Translation and Transcription

Consolidating Ltp: Specific Mechanisms

Maintaining Long-Term Potentiation

Bringing It All Together

Memory Formation: Early Stages

Memory Consolidation

Memory Modulation Systems

The Yin and Yang of Memory: Forgetting Versus Maintenance

Hunting for Engrams

The Fate of Retrieved Memories

Memory Systems and the Hippocampus

The Hippocampus Index and Episodic Memory

When Memories Age

Actions, Habits, and the Cortico-Striatal System

Learning About Danger: the Neurobiology of Fear Memories

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Exam 9: Making Memories: Conceptual Issues and Methodologies

What is the function of channelrhodopsin and halorhodopsins?

On a probe test in the Morris water task, the hidden platform is removed.

Which statement(s) about memory and the brain is/are true? (Select all that apply.)

Which statement(s) is/are true? (Select all that apply.)

Which statement(s) about opsins is/are true? (Select all that apply.)

What is the consolidation period?

List three differences between a short-term memory trace and a long-term memory trace.

When investigating a drug or some other manipulation that is hypothesized to strengthen a memory trace, researchers should use lower-intensity shock to avoid the _______ effect.

Activation of channelrhodopsin by green light will allow sodium to enter the channel.

When the response measure is at its maximum, researchers should be wary of the _______ effect.

Viral vectors are used to deliver mRNA constructs to specific regions in the brain.

In fear conditioning, the duration of the _______ response is an indicator of the strength of the memory.

Explain why genetic engineering is believed to be more precise than applying drugs in manipulating the molecules involved in memory.

Behavior is the product of many subcomponent systems.

_______ allows scientists to control one type of cell without altering other types.

Which statement(s) is/are true? (Select all that apply.)

When memories are consolidated, they _______. (Select all that apply.)

The existence of a memory trace is inferred when the training experience influences behavior.

LTP is memory.

Explain the floor effect.

Introduction: Fundamental Concepts and Historical Foundations

Memory and the Brain: Central Concepts

Generating Long-Term Potentiation

Stabilizing Long-Term Potentiation

Consolidating Ltp: Translation and Transcription

Consolidating Ltp: Specific Mechanisms

Maintaining Long-Term Potentiation

Bringing It All Together

Memory Formation: Early Stages

Memory Consolidation

Memory Modulation Systems

The Yin and Yang of Memory: Forgetting Versus Maintenance

Hunting for Engrams

The Fate of Retrieved Memories

Memory Systems and the Hippocampus

The Hippocampus Index and Episodic Memory

When Memories Age

Actions, Habits, and the Cortico-Striatal System

Learning About Danger: the Neurobiology of Fear Memories

Filters