Question 1

Once the mRNA for a particular gene has been transcribed, how is the mRNA that will be released from the nucleus processed?

Accepted Answer

The mRNA that is initially transcribed c

Question 2

After forming a complex with the ribosome, mRNA interacts with a third molecule.This molecule is called

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA. 
B)  an amino acid. 
C)  rRNA. 
D)  tRNA. 
E)  rough ER. 
A)  DNA. 
B)  an amino acid. 
C)  rRNA. 
D)  tRNA. 
E)  rough ER.

Question 3

In the reaction shown, identify the role of each of the participants.
CO₂ + H₂O   H₂CO₃
-carbonic anhydrase

Accepted Answer

A) enzyme 
B) substrate(s) 
C) product(s) 
A) enzyme 
B) substrate(s) 
C) product(s)

Question 4

Transcription factors are proteins whose binding to the ________ region for a gene can ________ (increase)or ________ (decrease)expression of that gene.

Accepted Answer

promoter,

Question 5

Cells normally regulate the rate of an enzymatic reaction by

Accepted Answer

A)  raising their temperature to 110° F. 
B)  changing the concentration of an enzyme. 
C)  increasing reaction rate as the concentration of product increases. 
D)  allowing all metabolic enzymes to be found throughout the cytoplasm. 
A)  raising their temperature to 110° F. 
B)  changing the concentration of an enzyme. 
C)  increasing reaction rate as the concentration of product increases. 
D)  allowing all metabolic enzymes to be found throughout the cytoplasm.

Question 6

________ generated in the ________ enter the electron transport system to generate 2.5 ATP molecules.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ________ generated in the ________ enter the...

Question 7

An example of transamination is

Accepted Answer

A)  removing an amine group from one molecule and binding it to a different molecule. 
B)  removing an amino group and putting it into the bloodstream for the kidneys to discard. 
C)  removing a phosphate group from a molecule. 
D)  finding a brand new sports car in your driveway with your name on it. 
A)  removing an amine group from one molecule and binding it to a different molecule. 
B)  removing an amino group and putting it into the bloodstream for the kidneys to discard. 
C)  removing a phosphate group from a molecule. 
D)  finding a brand new sports car in your driveway with your name on it.

Question 8

A reversible reaction is one where

Accepted Answer

A)  there are large changes in the net free energy from substrate to product. 
B)  there are small changes in the net free energy from substrate to product. 
C)  there is no change in the net free energy from substrate to product. 
D)  a reaction between products is unlikely due to the high activation energy. 
A)  there are large changes in the net free energy from substrate to product. 
B)  there are small changes in the net free energy from substrate to product. 
C)  there is no change in the net free energy from substrate to product. 
D)  a reaction between products is unlikely due to the high activation energy.

Question 9

Create a map that integrates the following terms: alternative splicing, constitutive, interference, mRNA, post-translation modification, regulated, repression, induction, translation, and tRNA.Add terms as needed.

Accepted Answer

See Figure

Question 10

Explain how it is possible for an enzyme to catalyze a chemical reaction in two different directions.

Accepted Answer

Both the substrate and product have a 3-

Question 11

Once synthesized, the ________ of mRNA are removed through ________, which results in the formation of the coding sequence of a protein.

Accepted Answer

A)  exon, RNA interference 
B)  exon, alternative splicing 
C)  intron, RNA interference 
D)  intron, alternative splicing 
A)  exon, RNA interference 
B)  exon, alternative splicing 
C)  intron, RNA interference 
D)  intron, alternative splicing

Question 12

Match between columns
                        Premises: Equilibrium can be prevented from occurring by constantly removing the product of either reaction.
Both reactions must be occurring in an equilibrium situation.

The enzyme catalyzing the formation of C must be the same as that catalyzing the breakdown of C.

An equilibrium, once established, cannot be disturbed.
Only one of the reactions could occur in a given cell or system.

Equilibrium is always achieved in a chemical reaction.

The enzyme catalyzing the formation of C must be different from that catalyzing the breakdown of C.

Accepted Answer

The Answer of True and False is...

Question 13

An enzyme that joins two substrates using energy is a

Accepted Answer

A)  hydrolase. 
B)  lipase. 
C)  transferase. 
D)  ligase. 
E)  kinase. 
A)  hydrolase. 
B)  lipase. 
C)  transferase. 
D)  ligase. 
E)  kinase.

Question 14

During the synthesis of proteins, amino acids are assembled in the proper sequence because the tRNA molecules that bring them to the ribosome have a(n)________ that is complementary to a specific codon in the mRNA.

Accepted Answer

The answer of During the synthesis of proteins, amino acids...

Question 15

The availability of ________ determines if pyruvate continues into the citric acid cycle.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The availability of ________ determines if pyruvate...

Question 16

A competitive inhibitor binds to

Accepted Answer

A)  a region of the enzyme other than the active site. 
B)  the active site. 
C)  the substrate. 
D)  the product. 
E)  the surrounding tissue. 
A)  a region of the enzyme other than the active site. 
B)  the active site. 
C)  the substrate. 
D)  the product. 
E)  the surrounding tissue.

Question 17

Activation energy is

Accepted Answer

A)  the energy lost or gained in a reaction. 
B)  the energy required for an endergonic reaction. 
C)  the energy required to bring molecules into a position where they can interact. 
D)  required to convert an endergonic reaction to an exergonic reaction. 
A)  the energy lost or gained in a reaction. 
B)  the energy required for an endergonic reaction. 
C)  the energy required to bring molecules into a position where they can interact. 
D)  required to convert an endergonic reaction to an exergonic reaction.

Question 18

Match the specific enzyme to its class.
-lipase

Accepted Answer

A) oxidoreductase 
B) hydrolase 
C) transferase 
D) ligase 
E) Lyase 
A) oxidoreductase 
B) hydrolase 
C) transferase 
D) ligase 
E) Lyase

Question 19

Compare and contrast potential energy with kinetic energy.

Accepted Answer

Potential energy is the energy

Question 20

Which can serve as substrates for ATP production?

Accepted Answer

A)  glucose only 
B)  amino acids only 
C)  fatty acids only 
D)  glucose and fatty acids only 
E)  glucose, amino acids and fatty acids 
A)  glucose only 
B)  amino acids only 
C)  fatty acids only 
D)  glucose and fatty acids only 
E)  glucose, amino acids and fatty acids

Exam 4: Energy and Cellular Metabolism

Once the mRNA for a particular gene has been transcribed, how is the mRNA that will be released from the nucleus processed?

After forming a complex with the ribosome, mRNA interacts with a third molecule.This molecule is called

In the reaction shown, identify the role of each of the participants. CO₂ + H₂O H₂CO₃ -carbonic anhydrase

Transcription factors are proteins whose binding to the ________ region for a gene can ________ (increase)or ________ (decrease)expression of that gene.

Cells normally regulate the rate of an enzymatic reaction by

________ generated in the ________ enter the electron transport system to generate 2.5 ATP molecules.

An example of transamination is

A reversible reaction is one where

Create a map that integrates the following terms: alternative splicing, constitutive, interference, mRNA, post-translation modification, regulated, repression, induction, translation, and tRNA.Add terms as needed.

Explain how it is possible for an enzyme to catalyze a chemical reaction in two different directions.

Once synthesized, the ________ of mRNA are removed through ________, which results in the formation of the coding sequence of a protein.

An enzyme that joins two substrates using energy is a

During the synthesis of proteins, amino acids are assembled in the proper sequence because the tRNA molecules that bring them to the ribosome have a(n)________ that is complementary to a specific codon in the mRNA.

The availability of ________ determines if pyruvate continues into the citric acid cycle.

A competitive inhibitor binds to

Activation energy is

Match the specific enzyme to its class. -lipase

Compare and contrast potential energy with kinetic energy.

Which can serve as substrates for ATP production?

Introduction to Physiology

Molecular Interactions

Compartmentation: Cells and Tissues

Membrane Dynamics

Communication, Integration, and Homeostasis

Introduction to the Endocrine System

Neurons: Cellular and Network Properties

The Central Nervous System

Sensory Physiology

Efferent Division: Autonomic and Somatic Motor Control

Muscles

Integrative Physiology I: Control of Body Movement

Cardiovascular Physiology

Blood Flow and the Control of Blood Pressure

Blood

Mechanics of Breathing

Gas Exchange and Transport

The Kidneys

Integrative Physiology II: Fluid and Electrolyte Balance

The Digestive System

Metabolism and Energy Balance

Endocrine Control of Growth and Metabolism

The Immune System

Integrative Physiology III: Exercise

Reproduction and Development

Filters

Transcription factors are proteins whose binding to the region for a gene can (increase)or (decrease)expression of that gene.

generated in the enter the electron transport system to generate 2.5 ATP molecules.

Once synthesized, the of mRNA are removed through , which results in the formation of the coding sequence of a protein.