Question 1

Inhibition of neural activity can result from

Accepted Answer

A)  presynaptic events only. 
B)  postsynaptic events only. 
C)  presynaptic events and postsynaptic events. 
A)  presynaptic events only. 
B)  postsynaptic events only. 
C)  presynaptic events and postsynaptic events.

Question 2

The enteric nervous system is a network of neurons that function in controlling

Accepted Answer

A)  reproduction. 
B)  digestion. 
C)  excretion, particularly urination. 
D)  the skeletal system. 
E)  the endocrine system. 
A)  reproduction. 
B)  digestion. 
C)  excretion, particularly urination. 
D)  the skeletal system. 
E)  the endocrine system.

Question 3

Draw graphs showing the effects on action potentials in a postsynaptic cell of effective doses for each of the listed toxins.Assume that the cell is normally brought to threshold by the stimuli applied to its inputs, so that any abnormality is due to the toxin.
1.curare (prevents receptor from binding neurotransmitter)
2.botulinum toxin (prevents neurotransmitter release)

Accepted Answer

In both cases, action potential is preve

Question 4

If the sodium-potassium pumps in the cell membrane of a neuron fail to function, over time

Accepted Answer

A)  the extracellular concentration of potassium ion will increase. 
B)  the intracellular concentration of sodium ion will increase. 
C)  the membrane resting potential will become more positive than normal. 
D)  All of the answers are correct. 
A)  the extracellular concentration of potassium ion will increase. 
B)  the intracellular concentration of sodium ion will increase. 
C)  the membrane resting potential will become more positive than normal. 
D)  All of the answers are correct.

Question 5

Calcium is important in the synapse because it

Accepted Answer

A)  is necessary for acetylcholine synthesis. 
B)  signals the exocytosis of the neurotransmitter. 
C)  binds to receptors on the postsynaptic cell, opening ion channels, and triggering graded potentials. 
D)  leaves the axon terminal, hyperpolarizing the cell. 
A)  is necessary for acetylcholine synthesis. 
B)  signals the exocytosis of the neurotransmitter. 
C)  binds to receptors on the postsynaptic cell, opening ion channels, and triggering graded potentials. 
D)  leaves the axon terminal, hyperpolarizing the cell.

Question 6

Clusters of nerve cell bodies in the peripheral nervous system are called

Accepted Answer

A)  microglia. 
B)  neuroglia. 
C)  glia. 
D)  ganglia. 
E)  nodes. 
A)  microglia. 
B)  neuroglia. 
C)  glia. 
D)  ganglia. 
E)  nodes.

Question 7

A damaged neuron has a better chance of survival and repair if the ________ is/are undamaged.

Accepted Answer

A)  cell body 
B)  axon 
C)  dendrites 
D)  Schwann cells 
E)  axon and dendrites 
A)  cell body 
B)  axon 
C)  dendrites 
D)  Schwann cells 
E)  axon and dendrites

Question 8

Products from the cell body of a neuron are transported to the axon terminals by ________.

Accepted Answer

(anterogra

Question 9

Action potentials are primarily associated with the membranes of

Accepted Answer

A)  dendrites only. 
B)  cell bodies only. 
C)  axons only. 
D)  dendrites and axons. 
E)  cell bodies and axons. 
A)  dendrites only. 
B)  cell bodies only. 
C)  axons only. 
D)  dendrites and axons. 
E)  cell bodies and axons.

Question 10

If an axon has an absolute refractory period of 2 msec, what is the maximum frequency of action potential (AP)production in that neuron?

Accepted Answer

X AP/2 msec × 1000 m

Question 11

In multiple sclerosis, there is progressive and intermittent damage to the myelin sheath of central axons.One symptom is poor motor control of the affected area.Why does destruction of the myelin sheath affect motor control?

Accepted Answer

Loss of myelin slows or stops impulse co

Question 12

What is a channelopathy, and what are some examples?

Accepted Answer

See the first "Clini

Question 13

In general, the nervous system is composed of which two types of cells?
1)motor
2)neurons
3)sensory
4)glial
5)associative

Accepted Answer

A)  1 and 2 
B)  1 and 3 
C)  2 and 4 
D)  3 and 4 
E)  3 and 5 
A)  1 and 2 
B)  1 and 3 
C)  2 and 4 
D)  3 and 4 
E)  3 and 5

Question 14

Graded potentials may

Accepted Answer

A)  initiate an action potential. 
B)  depolarize the membrane to the threshold voltage. 
C)  hyperpolarize the membrane. 
D)  be called EPSPs or IPSPs. 
E)  All of the statements are True. 
A)  initiate an action potential. 
B)  depolarize the membrane to the threshold voltage. 
C)  hyperpolarize the membrane. 
D)  be called EPSPs or IPSPs. 
E)  All of the statements are True.

Question 15

The basis of neural integration is

Accepted Answer

A)  addition of postsynaptic potentials overlapping in time and space. 
B)  command signals from central pattern generators. 
C)  spontaneous activity in pacemaker neurons. 
D)  the area under the curve of postsynaptic potentials overlapping in time and space. 
A)  addition of postsynaptic potentials overlapping in time and space. 
B)  command signals from central pattern generators. 
C)  spontaneous activity in pacemaker neurons. 
D)  the area under the curve of postsynaptic potentials overlapping in time and space.

Question 16

How would blocking retrograde transport in an axon affect the activity of a neuron?

Accepted Answer

A)  The neuron would not be able to produce neurotransmitters. 
B)  The neuron would not be able to produce action potentials. 
C)  The cell body would not be able to export products to the axon terminals. 
D)  The cell body would not be able to respond to changes in the distal end of the axon. 
E)  The neuron would be unable to depolarize when stimulated. 
A)  The neuron would not be able to produce neurotransmitters. 
B)  The neuron would not be able to produce action potentials. 
C)  The cell body would not be able to export products to the axon terminals. 
D)  The cell body would not be able to respond to changes in the distal end of the axon. 
E)  The neuron would be unable to depolarize when stimulated.

Question 17

Graded potentials that arrive at postsynaptic neurons are called ________ if they make that cell less likely to fire.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Graded potentials that arrive at postsynaptic neurons...

Question 18

How would the absolute refractory period be affected if voltage-gated sodium channels remained inactivated?

Accepted Answer

A)  It would be longer than normal. 
B)  It would be shorter than normal. 
C)  It would be the same whether the channels remained inactivated or not. 
D)  None of the answers are correct. 
A)  It would be longer than normal. 
B)  It would be shorter than normal. 
C)  It would be the same whether the channels remained inactivated or not. 
D)  None of the answers are correct.

Question 19

In terms of embryonic origin, neurons are most closely related to ________ cells.

Accepted Answer

A)  skeletal muscle 
B)  cardiac muscle 
C)  connective tissue 
D)  epithelial 
A)  skeletal muscle 
B)  cardiac muscle 
C)  connective tissue 
D)  epithelial

Question 20

A ________ is a compound that influences a postsynaptic cell's response to a neurotransmitter.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A ________ is a compound that influences...

Exam 8: Neurons: Cellular and Network Properties

Inhibition of neural activity can result from

The enteric nervous system is a network of neurons that function in controlling

If the sodium-potassium pumps in the cell membrane of a neuron fail to function, over time

Calcium is important in the synapse because it

Clusters of nerve cell bodies in the peripheral nervous system are called

A damaged neuron has a better chance of survival and repair if the ________ is/are undamaged.

Products from the cell body of a neuron are transported to the axon terminals by ________.

Action potentials are primarily associated with the membranes of

If an axon has an absolute refractory period of 2 msec, what is the maximum frequency of action potential (AP)production in that neuron?

In multiple sclerosis, there is progressive and intermittent damage to the myelin sheath of central axons.One symptom is poor motor control of the affected area.Why does destruction of the myelin sheath affect motor control?

What is a channelopathy, and what are some examples?

In general, the nervous system is composed of which two types of cells? 1)motor 2)neurons 3)sensory 4)glial 5)associative

Graded potentials may

The basis of neural integration is

How would blocking retrograde transport in an axon affect the activity of a neuron?

Graded potentials that arrive at postsynaptic neurons are called ________ if they make that cell less likely to fire.

How would the absolute refractory period be affected if voltage-gated sodium channels remained inactivated?

In terms of embryonic origin, neurons are most closely related to ________ cells.

A ________ is a compound that influences a postsynaptic cell's response to a neurotransmitter.

Introduction to Physiology

Molecular Interactions

Compartmentation: Cells and Tissues

Energy and Cellular Metabolism

Membrane Dynamics

Communication, Integration, and Homeostasis

Introduction to the Endocrine System

The Central Nervous System

Sensory Physiology

Efferent Division: Autonomic and Somatic Motor Control

Muscles

Integrative Physiology I: Control of Body Movement

Cardiovascular Physiology

Blood Flow and the Control of Blood Pressure

Blood

Mechanics of Breathing

Gas Exchange and Transport

The Kidneys

Integrative Physiology II: Fluid and Electrolyte Balance

The Digestive System

Metabolism and Energy Balance

Endocrine Control of Growth and Metabolism

The Immune System

Integrative Physiology III: Exercise

Reproduction and Development

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