Exam 9: Properties of Solutions

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The problem with hot water heaters in some parts of the country is that a solid forms inside of them, CaCO3. Predict if the solvation process for CaCO3 is endothermic or exothermic and if it is more soluble or less soluble at colder temperatures.

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A major component of cell membranes is the phospholipid bilayer. Which of the following statements is(are) FALSE? I. The bilayer provides a barrier to charged ions II. Polar molecules such as glucose can pass through the membrane III. Protein molecules act as gates in the phospholipid bilayer allowing nutrients to enter into the cell IV. The bilayer consists of two nearly parallel rows with the hydrophobic tails facing out toward the solution and acting as a barrier to water soluble species.

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Which of the following statements regarding solubility as a function of temperature are correct? I. Gas solubility favours high temperature and high pressure. II. Gas solubility favours low temperature and high pressure. III. Since the dissolution of solids into liquids is exothermic, solid solubility favours high temperature. IV. Endothermic dissolution of solids in liquids is favoured by lower temperature. V. Endothermic dissolution of solids in liquids is favoured by higher temperature.

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Solutions used for intravenous injections must be isotonic, that is, exert an osmotic pressure of 6.9 atm. An isotonic saline solution uses sodium chloride as the solute to achieve isotonic conditions. Use this value for the osmotic pressure to estimate the % NaCl by mass in an isotonic saline solution at 37°C (assume the solution has a density of 1.0 g/mL).

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A mixture that does NOT settle out upon standing is

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Which part of soap is responsible for its ability to mix with oily dirt?

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Calculate and explain solubilities in water.

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Which of the following statements regarding alloys is(are) true? I. Alloys are homogeneous solid solutions II. Alloys display metallic properties III. The solute component in the alloy can replace the solvent component in the solid crystalline structure IV. The solute component can be incorporated in between solvent atoms in the crystal structure

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Consider a warm (30°) 355 mL can of soda, under 2.5 atm CO2 pressure. What volume of CO2 will be released from the soda in order to reach equilibrium after opening to the room where the pressure of CO2 = 3.25 x 10-4 atm and the total pressure is 758 mm Hg (KH = 1.6 x 10-2 M/atm)?

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According to Henry's Law, the solubility of a gas in a liquid

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Industrial grade concentrated HCl is known as muriatic acid and is 31.45% by mass HCl in water. What is the molality of this solution?

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List the following in order of solubility in hexane: 1) CH3CH2C(O)CH3, 2) C6H6, 3) CH3CH2CH2CO2H, 4) CH3CH2CH2CH2CO2H

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What is the mole fraction of CaCl2 in an aqueous solution that is 0.569 m CaCl2 (solution density 1.05 g/ml)?

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To what minimum temperature would a radiator be protected if equal volumes of ethylene glycol (permanent antifreeze) (density 1.11 g/mL) and water were mixed? Assume that ethylene glycol does not dissociate and has a formula, C2H6O2. (Kf = 1.85 ˚Cm-1).

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What is the concentration of chloride ions in a solution that is 0.569 m CaCl2 (solution density 1.05 g/ml)?

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Ben Franklin determined Avogadro's number within a factor of 5. He was able to do this by dropping 1 teaspoon of oil on a still pond and determined the area covered by the oil at about ¾ of an acre. You can simulate this by adding 1 drop of soap on the top of a greasy pan in the kitchen and watch the grease move to the sides. Sketch the interaction of the soap with the layer of water and sketch how the soap "dissolves" grease in water.

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Understand the reasons for and calculate the magnitudes of colligative properties.

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Pesticides have been found to accumulate and affect the growth of animals higher in food chain. Can you give some rational for this, including discussion of the solubility of pesticides in general?

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When 0.64 g of adrenaline is dissolved in 36.0 g benzene (Kf = 5.12 °C), the freezing point is lowered by 0.50°C. Determine the molecular mass of adrenaline.

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In the textbook it was discussed how the melting point is decreased and the boiling point is elevated for a solvent with a solute in it. What happens to the triple point of that solvent? Does the triple point

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