Question 1

People share approximately _____ of their genes in common with aunts, uncles, nieces, and nephews.

Accepted Answer

A)  10% 
B)  25% 
C)  35% 
D)  50% 
A)  10% 
B)  25% 
C)  35% 
D)  50%

Question 2

Gregor Mendel based his theory of inheritance on his extensive research with

Accepted Answer

A)  mollusks. 
B)  drosophila (fruit flies). 
C)  pea plants. 
D)  chimpanzees. 
A)  mollusks. 
B)  drosophila (fruit flies). 
C)  pea plants. 
D)  chimpanzees.

Question 3

Gottesman's Limit Setting Model, Scarr's Niche-Picking Model, Plomin's Environmental Genetics Model, and Bronfenbrenner and Ceci's Bioecological Model were developed to explain how genes and environment work together to determine any child's behaviour and development. Select two of these models, describe them, and then compare and contrast them.

Accepted Answer

Gottesman's Limit Setting Model and Bron

Question 4

Most of the genes on our DNA strands are approximately __________ base pairs long.

Accepted Answer

A)  19 million 
B)  200 thousand 
C)  28 thousand 
D)  four 
A)  19 million 
B)  200 thousand 
C)  28 thousand 
D)  four

Question 5

Annabelle and Clarabelle are identical twins. It is likely that they are not alike on which of the following characteristics?

Accepted Answer

A)  Personality traits 
B)  Height 
C)  Weight 
D)  None of these alternatives is correct 
A)  Personality traits 
B)  Height 
C)  Weight 
D)  None of these alternatives is correct

Question 6

How many chromosomes do body cells carry in their nuclei?

Accepted Answer

A)  23 single chromosomes 
B)  23 pairs of chromosomes 
C)  46 pairs of chromosomes 
D)  2 chromosomes 
A)  23 single chromosomes 
B)  23 pairs of chromosomes 
C)  46 pairs of chromosomes 
D)  2 chromosomes

Question 7

The most significant problem facing researchers who wish to use combined twin-study and adoption-study approaches is

Accepted Answer

A)  determining whether twins are monozygotic or dizygotic. 
B)  finding appropriate subjects, since so few twins are raised apart. 
C)  controlling for the degree of similarity between dizygotic twins. 
D)  finding twins, because twins are rare. 
A)  determining whether twins are monozygotic or dizygotic. 
B)  finding appropriate subjects, since so few twins are raised apart. 
C)  controlling for the degree of similarity between dizygotic twins. 
D)  finding twins, because twins are rare.

Question 8

The principle of incomplete dominance is illustrated by which of the following facts?

Accepted Answer

A)  The effects of PKU can be prevented through dietary adjustments. 
B)  Huntington's chorea does not emerge until early adulthood. 
C)  Even people who carry only one recessive gene for sickle-cell anemia show some characteristics of the condition. 
D)  Severe disorders caused by dominant autosomal genes are far less common that those transmitted by recessive genes. 
A)  The effects of PKU can be prevented through dietary adjustments. 
B)  Huntington's chorea does not emerge until early adulthood. 
C)  Even people who carry only one recessive gene for sickle-cell anemia show some characteristics of the condition. 
D)  Severe disorders caused by dominant autosomal genes are far less common that those transmitted by recessive genes.

Question 9

Which of the following sets of symptoms best characterizes Fragile X syndrome?

Accepted Answer

A)  Intellectual disability, a cry like that of a cat, and neuromuscular problems. 
B)  Intellectual disability, distinctive appearance, cheerful, sociable disposition, poor muscle tone, and language impairments. 
C)  Intellectual disability, distinctive appearance, attention deficits, hyperactivity, and aggressiveness. 
D)  Listlessness in infancy, blindness, by first year, and death by four. 
A)  Intellectual disability, a cry like that of a cat, and neuromuscular problems. 
B)  Intellectual disability, distinctive appearance, cheerful, sociable disposition, poor muscle tone, and language impairments. 
C)  Intellectual disability, distinctive appearance, attention deficits, hyperactivity, and aggressiveness. 
D)  Listlessness in infancy, blindness, by first year, and death by four.

Question 10

Which of the following facts about genetics and inheritance were proposed by Gregor Mendel?

Accepted Answer

A)  Traits have either dominant or recessive inheritance patterns. 
B)  Some genes are neither entirely dominant nor entirely recessive. 
C)  The environment can play a crucial role in the expression of genes. 
D)  Most genetic traits are caused by multiple genes. 
A)  Traits have either dominant or recessive inheritance patterns. 
B)  Some genes are neither entirely dominant nor entirely recessive. 
C)  The environment can play a crucial role in the expression of genes. 
D)  Most genetic traits are caused by multiple genes.

Question 11

_________ refers to the case in which both alleles are dominant and each is completely expressed in the phenotype.

Accepted Answer

A)  Polygenic inheritance 
B)  Incomplete dominance 
C)  Codominance 
D)  Genomic imprinting 
A)  Polygenic inheritance 
B)  Incomplete dominance 
C)  Codominance 
D)  Genomic imprinting

Question 12

Tim and Tom are monozygotic twins who were raised separately from birth. Tim lived in an enriched environment and grew to be 6'1" tall. Tom lived in a deprived environment and grew to be 5'11". This exemplifies

Accepted Answer

A)  developmental pacing. 
B)  individuals with an identical phenotype for height who exhibited different genotypes. 
C)  reaction range. 
D)  all of the responses are accurate 
A)  developmental pacing. 
B)  individuals with an identical phenotype for height who exhibited different genotypes. 
C)  reaction range. 
D)  all of the responses are accurate

Question 13

________ refers to the case in which a dominant gene does not completely suppress the effect of a recessive gene, which is then somewhat expressed in the phenotype.

Accepted Answer

A)  Polygenic inheritance 
B)  Incomplete dominance 
C)  Codominance 
D)  Genomic imprinting 
A)  Polygenic inheritance 
B)  Incomplete dominance 
C)  Codominance 
D)  Genomic imprinting

Question 14

Ray is 5 years old and is showing a moderate intellectual disability and has immune and heart defects. He also has distinct facial characteristics. Based on this information, it is more likely that he suffers from:

Accepted Answer

A)  Huntington's disease 
B)  Cystic fibrosis 
C)  Turner's syndrome 
D)  Down syndrome 
A)  Huntington's disease 
B)  Cystic fibrosis 
C)  Turner's syndrome 
D)  Down syndrome

Question 15

Which of the following is a sex chromosome disorder?

Accepted Answer

A)  Fragile X syndrome 
B)  Down syndrome 
C)  Cri du chat 
D)  Cystic fibrosis 
A)  Fragile X syndrome 
B)  Down syndrome 
C)  Cri du chat 
D)  Cystic fibrosis

Question 16

Proximal processes are interactions between the child and the child's __________ (i.e., direct-contact) world.

Accepted Answer

A)  microsystem 
B)  mesosystem 
C)  macrosystem 
D)  exosystem 
A)  microsystem 
B)  mesosystem 
C)  macrosystem 
D)  exosystem

Question 17

Lee-Ann was adopted from China at the age of 1 year. Her records show that her biological parents both suffered from learning disabilities. Her adoptive parents, on the other hand, both have doctoral degrees. Based on this information, it is more likely that:

Accepted Answer

A)  Lee-Ann will have a similar cognitive profile to her adoptive siblings 
B)  Lee-Ann will have a similar cognitive profile to her adoptive parents 
C)  Lee-Ann will probably obtain her doctoral degree 
D)  Lee-Ann will probably struggle in her academics 
A)  Lee-Ann will have a similar cognitive profile to her adoptive siblings 
B)  Lee-Ann will have a similar cognitive profile to her adoptive parents 
C)  Lee-Ann will probably obtain her doctoral degree 
D)  Lee-Ann will probably struggle in her academics

Question 18

The four cells that are present upon completion of meiosis are

Accepted Answer

A)  identical to each other. 
B)  identical to the parent cell. 
C)  identical both to each other and to the parent cell. 
D)  genetically unique. 
A)  identical to each other. 
B)  identical to the parent cell. 
C)  identical both to each other and to the parent cell. 
D)  genetically unique.

Question 19

PKU and sickle-cell anemia are similar in that both diseases

Accepted Answer

A)  are carried by recessive genes. 
B)  affect the blood. 
C)  eventually lead to retardation. 
D)  disproportionately affect those of northern European descent. 
A)  are carried by recessive genes. 
B)  affect the blood. 
C)  eventually lead to retardation. 
D)  disproportionately affect those of northern European descent.

Question 20

Henry Goddard studied five generations of offspring of Martin Kallikak (a pseudonym), a soldier of the American Revolution. Some of the descendants were the product of a liaison with a retarded tavern maid while some resulted from Kallikak's marriage to a respectful woman of normal intelligence. What did Goddard conclude from his research?

Accepted Answer

A)  There were few differences in the achievements between the two lines of descendants; this led Goddard to conclude that mothers contributed little genetic material to their offspring. 
B)  There were large differences in the accomplishments of the two groups, which Goddard attributed to the genetic makeup of Kallikak's two mates. 
C)  There were few differences in the achievements between the two lines of descendants; this led Goddard to conclude that Intellectual disability is not inherited. 
D)  There were large differences in the accomplishments of the two groups, which Goddard attributed to the childrearing strategies of Kallikak's two mates. 
A)  There were few differences in the achievements between the two lines of descendants; this led Goddard to conclude that mothers contributed little genetic material to their offspring. 
B)  There were large differences in the accomplishments of the two groups, which Goddard attributed to the genetic makeup of Kallikak's two mates. 
C)  There were few differences in the achievements between the two lines of descendants; this led Goddard to conclude that Intellectual disability is not inherited. 
D)  There were large differences in the accomplishments of the two groups, which Goddard attributed to the childrearing strategies of Kallikak's two mates.

People share approximately _____ of their genes in common with aunts, uncles, nieces, and nephews.

Gregor Mendel based his theory of inheritance on his extensive research with

Most of the genes on our DNA strands are approximately __________ base pairs long.

Annabelle and Clarabelle are identical twins. It is likely that they are not alike on which of the following characteristics?

How many chromosomes do body cells carry in their nuclei?

The most significant problem facing researchers who wish to use combined twin-study and adoption-study approaches is

The principle of incomplete dominance is illustrated by which of the following facts?

Which of the following sets of symptoms best characterizes Fragile X syndrome?

Which of the following facts about genetics and inheritance were proposed by Gregor Mendel?

_________ refers to the case in which both alleles are dominant and each is completely expressed in the phenotype.

Tim and Tom are monozygotic twins who were raised separately from birth. Tim lived in an enriched environment and grew to be 6'1" tall. Tom lived in a deprived environment and grew to be 5'11". This exemplifies

________ refers to the case in which a dominant gene does not completely suppress the effect of a recessive gene, which is then somewhat expressed in the phenotype.

Ray is 5 years old and is showing a moderate intellectual disability and has immune and heart defects. He also has distinct facial characteristics. Based on this information, it is more likely that he suffers from:

Which of the following is a sex chromosome disorder?

Proximal processes are interactions between the child and the child's __________ (i.e., direct-contact) world.

Lee-Ann was adopted from China at the age of 1 year. Her records show that her biological parents both suffered from learning disabilities. Her adoptive parents, on the other hand, both have doctoral degrees. Based on this information, it is more likely that:

The four cells that are present upon completion of meiosis are

PKU and sickle-cell anemia are similar in that both diseases

Background and Theories

Research Methods

Prenatal Development

Physical Development: Birth, Motor Skills, and Growth

Neural and Brain Development

Language Development

Sensory and Perceptual Development

Cognitive Development: Piagetian and Vygotskian Approaches

Cognitive Development: The Information-Processing Approach

Intelligence and Schooling

Early Social and Emotional Development

Development of the Self

Moral Development

Families and Peers

Gender-Role Development and Sex Differences

Filters

Exam 3: Genetics: The Biological Context of Development

People share approximately _____ of their genes in common with aunts, uncles, nieces, and nephews.

Gregor Mendel based his theory of inheritance on his extensive research with

Most of the genes on our DNA strands are approximately __________ base pairs long.

Annabelle and Clarabelle are identical twins. It is likely that they are not alike on which of the following characteristics?

How many chromosomes do body cells carry in their nuclei?

The most significant problem facing researchers who wish to use combined twin-study and adoption-study approaches is

The principle of incomplete dominance is illustrated by which of the following facts?

Which of the following sets of symptoms best characterizes Fragile X syndrome?

Which of the following facts about genetics and inheritance were proposed by Gregor Mendel?

_________ refers to the case in which both alleles are dominant and each is completely expressed in the phenotype.

Tim and Tom are monozygotic twins who were raised separately from birth. Tim lived in an enriched environment and grew to be 6'1" tall. Tom lived in a deprived environment and grew to be 5'11". This exemplifies

________ refers to the case in which a dominant gene does not completely suppress the effect of a recessive gene, which is then somewhat expressed in the phenotype.

Ray is 5 years old and is showing a moderate intellectual disability and has immune and heart defects. He also has distinct facial characteristics. Based on this information, it is more likely that he suffers from:

Which of the following is a sex chromosome disorder?

Proximal processes are interactions between the child and the child's __________ (i.e., direct-contact) world.

Lee-Ann was adopted from China at the age of 1 year. Her records show that her biological parents both suffered from learning disabilities. Her adoptive parents, on the other hand, both have doctoral degrees. Based on this information, it is more likely that:

The four cells that are present upon completion of meiosis are

PKU and sickle-cell anemia are similar in that both diseases

Background and Theories

Research Methods

Prenatal Development

Physical Development: Birth, Motor Skills, and Growth

Neural and Brain Development

Language Development

Sensory and Perceptual Development

Cognitive Development: Piagetian and Vygotskian Approaches

Cognitive Development: The Information-Processing Approach

Intelligence and Schooling

Early Social and Emotional Development

Development of the Self

Moral Development

Families and Peers

Gender-Role Development and Sex Differences

Filters