Exam 12: Cognitive Development in Middle Childhood

According to Sternberg's triarchic theory of intelligence, the __________ aspect of intelligence reflects how efficiently people can process and analyze information.

Recently, researchers used fMRI scans to study children's math skills. They discovered that __________ is important in the development of math skill.

According to Piaget, __________ is the notion that processes that transform a stimulus can be reversed, returning the stimulus to its original form.

In __________ approaches to reading, reading is viewed as a natural process, similar to the acquisition of oral language. Proponents of this approach believe that children should read complete writings-sentences, stories, poems, lists, charts, and other examples of actual uses of writing.

Arturo does not have a piece of paper or a pen to write down his friend's telephone number, so he repeats the number over and over until he is able to get to the telephone and dial his friend's number. This is an example of __________.

Children with __________ intellectual disability are slow to develop language skills, and their motor development is also affected.

Critics of charter schools argue that __________.

Putting information into categories in order to remember that information is called __________.

In the ___________, one word is paired with another that sounds like it.

Iris scored a 45 on an IQ test. Based on this score, she would be classified with __________ intellectual disability.

Seven-year-old Adriana ran in from school and shouted, "Hey, Mom did you know that 2 + 3 is the same as 3 + 2?" Adriana is demonstrating __________.

Eight-year-old Georgia Ann's best friend Hope is telling Georgia Ann how to get to her house. In the middle of the directions, Georgia Ann says, "Hope, I can't remember all this; I need to write this down." Georgia Ann is demonstrating that she is capable of __________.

Six-year-old Amira received a score of 30 on an intelligence test, and this was the average score received by most 10-year-olds. Amira's mental age would be considered __________.

Ms. Avila is teaching her fourth-grade students how to comprehend complex reading passages. First she models the strategies for them and then she expects them to take the lead. For instance, Ms. Avila shows them how to skim the content of the passage, raise questions about its central points, summarize the passage, and predict what is likely to happen next. This teaching method is known as __________.

A major development in language skills during middle childhood is the child's ability to understand his or her own use of language. This increased awareness is also known as __________.