Exam 5: Memory: Models and Research Methods

__________ memory refers to encoding,storage,and retrieval of facts that do not describe the unique temporally coded experiences of the person recalling the facts.

Jennifer has an excellent understanding of geography.This is an example of __________ knowledge.

In retrograde amnesia,the memories that return typically do so starting

Many cognitive psychologists have asserted that the __________ effect refers to the activation of a node by a prime to which the node is connected in a network,due to the process of spreading activation.

Fill-in-the-blank tests can be memory tasks,which require that students employ primarily the memory process of

__________ knowledge refers to a recognition and understanding of factual information (i.e. ,"knowing that").

Participants were asked to judge whether words describe them or not.Recall was highest for the items that described the individual.The setup of this experiment demonstrates

Anytime we read,we unconsciously and effortlessly remember the meanings of particular words and even how to read.These are examples of everyday tasks that primarily involve __________ memory.

The __________ store refers to a sensory register for the fleeting storage of discrete visual images,usually resembling whatever is being represented.

During his experiments studying iconic store,Sperling would flash an array of stimuli (e.g. ,letters and/or numbers)for approximately 50 milliseconds on a screen.Asked to recall all symbols presented would be an example of the

__________ amnesia refers to an inability to recall events that occur before the trauma that causes the memory loss.

Raphael is an amnesia patient.When specifically asked to remember a particular set of information,Raphael does poorly.When indirectly measured on the same information he shows signs of learning.This show that ____ is impaired by amnesia while ____ is not impaired.

A second stimulus is presented shortly after the first item in the same location and "erases" the original stimulus.This is called

This component of the working memory model is responsible for coordinating attentional activities and regulating the flow of information.

__________ are persons who use memory-enhancing techniques for greatly improving their memory or who have a distinctive sensory or cognitive ability to remember information.

According to Bahrick,__________ refers to a very long-term storage of information.The information contained in this store may include,for example,knowledge of a foreign language and of mathematics acquired years or even decades earlier.

__________ refers to the means by which people draw on past knowledge in order to use such knowledge in the present;it refers to the dynamic mechanisms associated with the retention and retrieval of information.

According to the levels-of-processing framework,the deeper the level of processing of information,

__________ amnesia refers to an inability to recall events that occur after whatever trauma caused the memory loss.

Debbie participated in a memory experiment and performed exceptionally well.When asked how she could recall long strings of material such as rows and columns of numbers,she said that she memorized numbers by transforming them into dates,and then thinking about what she had done that day.Debbie seems to be a