Exam 8: Causal Research Design: Experimentation

A preexperimental design in which a single group of test units is exposed to a treatment X and then a single measurement on the dependent variable is taken is called ________.

The ________ is a quasi-experimental design that involves periodic measurements on the dependent variable for the group of test units.

Individuals,organizations,or other entities whose response to independent variables or treatments is being studied are called test units.

Designs that do not control for extraneous factors by randomization are called ________.

In a short essay,define randomization and list and discuss the two types of true experimental design.

A laboratory environment involves measurement of behavior,attitudes,or perceptions in the environment in which they occur.

Dependent variables are variables that are manipulated by the researcher and whose effects are measured and compared.

Preexperimental designs are distinguished by the fact that the researcher can randomly assign test units to experimental groups and also randomly assign treatments to experimental groups.

Variables that measure the effect of the independent variables on the test units are called ________.

Responses given because the respondents attempt to guess the purpose of the experiment and respond accordingly are called demand artifacts.

The static group is a two-group experimental design in which one of the groups acts as a control group,the subjects are not assigned randomly,and measurement are made on both groups following the treatment.

In a short essay,discuss the difference between laboratory and field experimentation.

An effect in which a prior measurement affects the test unit's response to the independent variable is called ________.

________ allow for the statistical control and analysis of external variables.

According to the text,factorial designs are the most common statistical designs.

________ is the extent to which a cause,X,and an effect,Y,occur together or vary together in the way predicted by the hypothesis under consideration.

Which of the conditions must be satisfied in order to justify the inference of a causal relationship between two variables? i. Concomitant variation ii. Time order of occurrence of variables iii. Absence of other possible causal factors iv. Sterile measurement environment

The process of manipulating one or more independent variables and measuring their effect on one or more dependent variables while controlling for the extraneous variables is called an experiment.

Individuals,organizations,or other entities whose responses to independent variables or treatments are being studied are called ________.

In a short essay,list and discuss the three specific preexperimental designs.