Exam 33: Acid-Base Balance

In the bicarbonate buffer system,the weak base bicarbonate is used to buffer a strong base such as NaOH.

pH is used to represent the logarithm of the concentration of hydrogen ions in a liter of solution.

The control of acid and base levels is considered a homeostatic mechanism.

A solution with a hydrogen ion concentration of 1.0 ´ 10-⁴ per liter would be a(n):

A patient was advised to acidify his urine to help reduce the development of kidney stones.He has been drinking a large glass of grapefruit juice every day to accomplish this.Explain why this is ineffective.What food choices might he make to help him acidify his urine?

Potassium salts of hemoglobin are important in buffering _____ acid.

In the phosphate buffer pair,Na₂HPO₄ acts as the basic phosphate.

Cranberries are said to direct acid-forming foods.

Mineral elements that are acidic include potassium,calcium,and sodium.

Vicki has a minor bladder infection.She has heard that this is often the result of urine not being acidic enough and that she should drink cranberry juice to correct the problem.She does not have any cranberry juice,so she substitutes orange juice.What is wrong with this substitution?

The more hydrogen ions excreted by the renal tubules,the more potassium ions excreted.

Match each term with it corresponding definition. -symbol indicating hydrogen ion concentration

How does the body respond if respiratory mechanisms are unable to stop a pH shift?

Ammonia excretion causes the body to retain sodium ions.

Because intracellular fluid is in equilibrium with interstitial fluid and blood plasma,it also has a pH of 7.41.

In the body,nonvolatile acids,or fixed acids,are buffered mainly by:

An increase in the base bicarbonate/carbonic acid ratio causes uncompensated acidosis.

Which of the following is most basic?

Protein catabolism can produce both phosphoric and sulfuric acid.

The blood in the pulmonary artery has a lower pH than the blood in the aorta.