Exam 12: Sampling: Final and Initial Sample Size Determination

Assuming no measurement error, the reliability of an estimate of a population parameter can be assessed in terms of its standard error.

Trend analysis is an attempt to discern a trend between early and late respondents.

A recent study conducted by CMOR study indicated that consumers prefer ________ surveys versus the ________ method of surveys.

The mathematical symbols "π" and "p" represent a ________ for the population and the sampling distribution respectively.

Because low response rates increase the probability of response bias, an attempt should always be made to improve the response rate.

Which method of improving response rate involves sending potential respondents a postcard or letter to remind nonrespondents to complete and return the questionnaire?

The percentage of qualified respondents who complete the interview is the ________.

Suppose a simple random sample of five hospitals is to be drawn from a population of 20 hospitals. There are 15,504 different samples of size 5 that can be drawn. The relative frequency distribution of the values of the mean of these 15,504 different samples would specify the ________ of the mean.

The ________ is called the standard error of the mean or the proportion to indicate that it refers to a sampling distribution of the mean or the proportion, and not to a sample or a population.

________ is a method to adjust for nonresponse by assigning the characteristic of interest to the nonrespondents based on the similarity of the variables available for both nonrespondents and respondents.

Which method of adjusting for nonresponse has the researcher contacting a sub-sample of the nonrespondents; projecting the values obtained from the sub-sample to all respondents; then adjusting the survey results to account for nonresponse?

When determining the sample size, if the population standard deviation, s, is unknown and an estimate is used, the standard deviation should be re-estimated once the sample has been drawn.Next a revised confidence interval should be calculated to determine the precision level actually obtained.

High response rates decrease the probability that nonresponse bias is substantial.

When determining the sample size, the standard deviation may not be known. Which of the following was not mentioned in your text as a way to estimate the standard deviation?

The process of generalizing the sample results to the population results is called statistical inference.

The ________ is the standard deviation of the sampling distribution of the mean or proportion.

The ________ is a correction for overestimation of the variance of a population parameter, e.g., a mean or proportion, when the sample size is 10 percent or more of the population size.

The confidence interval approach to sample size determination is based on the construction of confidence intervals around the means or proportions using the standardized variate formula.

When estimating a population parameter by using a sample statistic, the ________ is the desired size of the estimating interval.This is the maximum permissible difference between the sample statistic and the population parameter.

Discuss why there may be ethical concerns when using the standard deviation of a variable in determining sample size.