Question 1

The majority of people do eventually move on to the top level of self-actualization needs.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Define mood congruency and provide an example of it.

Accepted Answer

Mood congruency is the notion that our j

Question 3

Research examining consumer goal attainment shows that:

Accepted Answer

A)  all goals are conscious. 
B)  the Apple brand can activate hedonic goals. 
C)  the mere presence of a healthy option on a menu can vicariously fulfill nutrition related goals. 
D)  goals that don't set a time frame are usually more effective. 
A)  all goals are conscious. 
B)  the Apple brand can activate hedonic goals. 
C)  the mere presence of a healthy option on a menu can vicariously fulfill nutrition related goals. 
D)  goals that don't set a time frame are usually more effective.

Question 4

Why can approach-approach conflicts be resolved easier with cognitive dissonance reduction strategies than approach-avoidance conflicts?

Accepted Answer

A)  Approach-avoidance conflicts result when the positive alternative simply overwhelms the negative; thus, no cognitive dissonance exists under this condition. 
B)  Approach-approach conflicts result when both alternatives are positive. The selection of one requires the rejection of another, which creates a need for a cognitive explanation of why one was not selected. The approach-avoidance conflict produces much less dissonance because one is positive and the other is clearly negative. 
C)  Approach-avoidance conflicts create inertia; thus, past habits are employed without the need to resolve the cognitive inconsistencies. 
D)  Approach-approach conflicts are very confusing to resolve intellectually, but approach-avoidance conflicts are typically simply resolved through behavioural aspects of reinforcement learning. 
A)  Approach-avoidance conflicts result when the positive alternative simply overwhelms the negative; thus, no cognitive dissonance exists under this condition. 
B)  Approach-approach conflicts result when both alternatives are positive. The selection of one requires the rejection of another, which creates a need for a cognitive explanation of why one was not selected. The approach-avoidance conflict produces much less dissonance because one is positive and the other is clearly negative. 
C)  Approach-avoidance conflicts create inertia; thus, past habits are employed without the need to resolve the cognitive inconsistencies. 
D)  Approach-approach conflicts are very confusing to resolve intellectually, but approach-avoidance conflicts are typically simply resolved through behavioural aspects of reinforcement learning.

Question 5

Research on happiness throughout the lifespan suggests that:

Accepted Answer

A)  younger people are more likely to associate happiness with excitement. 
B)  younger people are more likely to focus on the importance of material goods in bringing happiness. 
C)  younger people prefer hedonic purchases. 
D)  older people are more likely to focus on the importance of experiential products in bringing happiness. 
A)  younger people are more likely to associate happiness with excitement. 
B)  younger people are more likely to focus on the importance of material goods in bringing happiness. 
C)  younger people prefer hedonic purchases. 
D)  older people are more likely to focus on the importance of experiential products in bringing happiness.

Question 6

In terms of SMART goal setting,"T" stands for:

Accepted Answer

A)  Time-bound. 
B)  Total. 
C)  Targeted. 
D)  Temperate. 
A)  Time-bound. 
B)  Total. 
C)  Targeted. 
D)  Temperate.

Question 7

When a consumer becomes so involved with a product that he or she loses track of time,he or she has entered into what is known as a ________ state.

Accepted Answer

A)  flow 
B)  social 
C)  drive 
D)  need 
A)  flow 
B)  social 
C)  drive 
D)  need

Question 8

When Toyota developed the Prius,it focused on offering customers all of the positive benefits of their current models such as reliability and a good price,but it also was able to reduce consumer concerns about negative impacts on the environment.In other words,the marketing managers were able to resolve a ________________ conflict.

Accepted Answer

A)  approach-approach 
B)  approach-avoidance 
C)  avoidance-avoidance 
D)  hedonic-utilitarian 
A)  approach-approach 
B)  approach-avoidance 
C)  avoidance-avoidance 
D)  hedonic-utilitarian

Question 9

Emotions are:

Accepted Answer

A)  valenced reactions to events and objects that are not accompanied by high levels of arousal. 
B)  temporary positive or negative affective states that are accompanied by moderate levels of arousal. 
C)  related to a specific triggering event. 
D)  valenced reactions to events and objects that are accompanied by high levels of arousal 
A)  valenced reactions to events and objects that are not accompanied by high levels of arousal. 
B)  temporary positive or negative affective states that are accompanied by moderate levels of arousal. 
C)  related to a specific triggering event. 
D)  valenced reactions to events and objects that are accompanied by high levels of arousal

Question 10

If we achieve a "flow state" in regards to our company website,the visitor:

Accepted Answer

A)  wants to buy immediately. 
B)  wants to exit immediately. 
C)  loses all track of time. 
D)  does not feel in control. 
A)  wants to buy immediately. 
B)  wants to exit immediately. 
C)  loses all track of time. 
D)  does not feel in control.

Question 11

Describe the top level of needs in Maslow's hierarchy.

Accepted Answer

The fifth level is self-actualization.Th

Question 12

Most researchers feel there are several broad types of involvement.Define and describe involvement and its relationship to motivation.Link your discussion to the identification of the various types of involvement.Is the concept useful in differentiating among competing brands or types of products?

Accepted Answer

Involvement is the perceived level of se

Question 13

When there is a gulf between a consumer's present state and some ideal state,this gulf creates a state of tension.The magnitude of this tension determines the urgency the consumer feels to reduce the tension.This degree of arousal is:

Accepted Answer

A)  motivation. 
B)  discomfort. 
C)  cognitive awareness. 
D)  drive. 
A)  motivation. 
B)  discomfort. 
C)  cognitive awareness. 
D)  drive.

Question 14

Ray's house needed a new roof.When he read the homebuilder's magazine,he was able to pause and reflect on what he read on each page.This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

A)  simulated involvement. 
B)  message-response involvement. 
C)  product involvement. 
D)  motivated involvement. 
A)  simulated involvement. 
B)  message-response involvement. 
C)  product involvement. 
D)  motivated involvement.

Question 15

When consumers are intent on doing what they can to satisfy a need,they are inclined to pay attention and process any information they feel is relevant to achieving their goals.This state is termed:

Accepted Answer

A)  involvement. 
B)  motivation. 
C)  attribution. 
D)  participation. 
A)  involvement. 
B)  motivation. 
C)  attribution. 
D)  participation.

Question 16

Given the definition of the term "involvement," which of the following would be least likely to modify the consumer involvement a person may feel for a product?

Accepted Answer

A)  the price of the product 
B)  the social risk of using the product 
C)  the basic needs of the consumer 
D)  the recommendations made by a reference source like Consumer Reports 
A)  the price of the product 
B)  the social risk of using the product 
C)  the basic needs of the consumer 
D)  the recommendations made by a reference source like Consumer Reports

Question 17

Those people who strongly value personal accomplishment are said to have a need for power.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Ling's hierarchy of needs is different from those of his western friends since he values the welfare of the group as more important than:

Accepted Answer

A)  esteem needs. 
B)  self-actualization needs. 
C)  safety needs. 
D)  physiological needs. 
A)  esteem needs. 
B)  self-actualization needs. 
C)  safety needs. 
D)  physiological needs.

Question 19

Two terms often used to describe motivation are:

Accepted Answer

A)  its strength and its duration. 
B)  its strength and its direction. 
C)  its magnitude and its force. 
D)  its magnitude and its feeling. 
A)  its strength and its duration. 
B)  its strength and its direction. 
C)  its magnitude and its force. 
D)  its magnitude and its feeling.

Question 20

Evaluations are temporary positive or negative affective states that are accompanied by moderate levels of arousal.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

The majority of people do eventually move on to the top level of self-actualization needs.

Define mood congruency and provide an example of it.

Research examining consumer goal attainment shows that:

Why can approach-approach conflicts be resolved easier with cognitive dissonance reduction strategies than approach-avoidance conflicts?

Research on happiness throughout the lifespan suggests that:

In terms of SMART goal setting,"T" stands for:

When a consumer becomes so involved with a product that he or she loses track of time,he or she has entered into what is known as a ________ state.

Emotions are:

If we achieve a "flow state" in regards to our company website,the visitor:

Describe the top level of needs in Maslow's hierarchy.

Most researchers feel there are several broad types of involvement.Define and describe involvement and its relationship to motivation.Link your discussion to the identification of the various types of involvement.Is the concept useful in differentiating among competing brands or types of products?

When there is a gulf between a consumer's present state and some ideal state,this gulf creates a state of tension.The magnitude of this tension determines the urgency the consumer feels to reduce the tension.This degree of arousal is:

Ray's house needed a new roof.When he read the homebuilder's magazine,he was able to pause and reflect on what he read on each page.This is an example of:

When consumers are intent on doing what they can to satisfy a need,they are inclined to pay attention and process any information they feel is relevant to achieving their goals.This state is termed:

Given the definition of the term "involvement," which of the following would be least likely to modify the consumer involvement a person may feel for a product?

Those people who strongly value personal accomplishment are said to have a need for power.

Ling's hierarchy of needs is different from those of his western friends since he values the welfare of the group as more important than:

Two terms often used to describe motivation are:

Evaluations are temporary positive or negative affective states that are accompanied by moderate levels of arousal.

An Introduction to Consumer Behaviour

Perception

Learning and Memory

The Self

Personality, Lifestyles, and Values

Attitudes

Attitude Change and Interactive Communications

Individual Decision Making

Buying and Disposing

Group Influence and Social Media

Income, Social Class, and Family Structure

Subcultures

Cultural Influences on Consumer Behaviour

The Creation and Diffusion of Culture

Filters

Exam 4: Motivation and Affect

The majority of people do eventually move on to the top level of self-actualization needs.

Define mood congruency and provide an example of it.

Research examining consumer goal attainment shows that:

Why can approach-approach conflicts be resolved easier with cognitive dissonance reduction strategies than approach-avoidance conflicts?

Research on happiness throughout the lifespan suggests that:

In terms of SMART goal setting,"T" stands for:

When a consumer becomes so involved with a product that he or she loses track of time,he or she has entered into what is known as a ________ state.

Emotions are:

If we achieve a "flow state" in regards to our company website,the visitor:

Describe the top level of needs in Maslow's hierarchy.

Most researchers feel there are several broad types of involvement.Define and describe involvement and its relationship to motivation.Link your discussion to the identification of the various types of involvement.Is the concept useful in differentiating among competing brands or types of products?

When there is a gulf between a consumer's present state and some ideal state,this gulf creates a state of tension.The magnitude of this tension determines the urgency the consumer feels to reduce the tension.This degree of arousal is:

Ray's house needed a new roof.When he read the homebuilder's magazine,he was able to pause and reflect on what he read on each page.This is an example of:

When consumers are intent on doing what they can to satisfy a need,they are inclined to pay attention and process any information they feel is relevant to achieving their goals.This state is termed:

Given the definition of the term "involvement," which of the following would be least likely to modify the consumer involvement a person may feel for a product?

Those people who strongly value personal accomplishment are said to have a need for power.

Ling's hierarchy of needs is different from those of his western friends since he values the welfare of the group as more important than:

Two terms often used to describe motivation are:

Evaluations are temporary positive or negative affective states that are accompanied by moderate levels of arousal.

An Introduction to Consumer Behaviour

Perception

Learning and Memory

The Self

Personality, Lifestyles, and Values

Attitudes

Attitude Change and Interactive Communications

Individual Decision Making

Buying and Disposing

Group Influence and Social Media

Income, Social Class, and Family Structure

Subcultures

Cultural Influences on Consumer Behaviour

The Creation and Diffusion of Culture

Filters