Question 1

The specific gravity of urine in older adults is normally:

Accepted Answer

A)  increased. 
B)  high normal. 
C)  low normal. 
D)  decreased. 
A)  increased. 
B)  high normal. 
C)  low normal. 
D)  decreased.

Question 2

Renal blood vessels are innervated by the parasympathetic nervous system.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

MATCHING
Match the descriptions with the corresponding terms.
-Casts

Accepted Answer

A) Good estimate of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) 
B) Form in concentrated acidic or alkaline urine 
C) Cylindric with distinct borders 
D) Hematuria 
E) Pyuria 
A) Good estimate of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) 
B) Form in concentrated acidic or alkaline urine 
C) Cylindric with distinct borders 
D) Hematuria 
E) Pyuria

Question 4

MATCHING
Match the descriptions with the corresponding terms.
-Crystals

Accepted Answer

A) Good estimate of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) 
B) Form in concentrated acidic or alkaline urine 
C) Cylindric with distinct borders 
D) Hematuria 
E) Pyuria 
A) Good estimate of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) 
B) Form in concentrated acidic or alkaline urine 
C) Cylindric with distinct borders 
D) Hematuria 
E) Pyuria

Question 5

The left kidney is slightly lower than the right due to the location of the liver.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

The best estimate of functioning renal tissue is:

Accepted Answer

A)  glomerular filtration rate (GFR). 
B)  hourly urine output. 
C)  serum blood urea nitrogen and creatinine. 
D)  the specific gravity of the solute concentration of the urine. 
A)  glomerular filtration rate (GFR). 
B)  hourly urine output. 
C)  serum blood urea nitrogen and creatinine. 
D)  the specific gravity of the solute concentration of the urine.

Question 7

The area of the kidneys that contains the glomeruli of the nephrons is the:

Accepted Answer

A)  medullA. 
B)  cortex. 
C)  pyramids. 
D)  columns. 
A)  medullA. 
B)  cortex. 
C)  pyramids. 
D)  columns.

Question 8

Which glucoprotein protects against urolithiasis and is a ligand for lymphokines?

Accepted Answer

A)  Uromedulin 
B)  Nephrin 
C)  Urodilantin 
D)  Cystatin 
A)  Uromedulin 
B)  Nephrin 
C)  Urodilantin 
D)  Cystatin

Question 9

Normally,99% of glomerular filtrate is reabsorbed.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

What is the trigone?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is the smooth muscle that comprises the orifice of the ureter. 
B)  It is the inner mucosal lining of the kidneys. 
C)  It is a smooth triangular area between the openings of the two ureters and the urethra. 
D)  It is the three divisions of the loop of Henle. 
A)  It is the smooth muscle that comprises the orifice of the ureter. 
B)  It is the inner mucosal lining of the kidneys. 
C)  It is a smooth triangular area between the openings of the two ureters and the urethra. 
D)  It is the three divisions of the loop of Henle.

Question 11

Tubular secretion is the movement of fluids and solutes from the tubular lumen to the peritubular capillaries.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

All of the following are part of the nephron except the:

Accepted Answer

A)  loop of Henle. 
B)  renal corpuscle. 
C)  proximal convoluted tubule. 
D)  calyx. 
A)  loop of Henle. 
B)  renal corpuscle. 
C)  proximal convoluted tubule. 
D)  calyx.

Question 13

A ring of smooth muscle,the ureteral sphincter,surrounds the ureters where they enter the urinary bladder.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

The concentration of the final urine is determined by antidiuretic hormone (ADH),which is secreted by the:

Accepted Answer

A)  posterior pituitary. 
B)  right atrium. 
C)  left atrium. 
D)  anterior pituitary. 
E)  hypothalamus. 
A)  posterior pituitary. 
B)  right atrium. 
C)  left atrium. 
D)  anterior pituitary. 
E)  hypothalamus.

Question 15

_____ is a hormone synthesized and secreted by the kidneys.

Accepted Answer

A)  Antidiuretic hormone 
B)  Aldosterone 
C)  Erythropoietin 
D)  Angiotensinogen 
A)  Antidiuretic hormone 
B)  Aldosterone 
C)  Erythropoietin 
D)  Angiotensinogen

Question 16

How high does the serum glucose have to be for the threshold for glucose to be achieved?

Accepted Answer

A)  126 mg/dl 
B)  150 mg/dl 
C)  180 mg/dl 
D)  200 mg/dl 
A)  126 mg/dl 
B)  150 mg/dl 
C)  180 mg/dl 
D)  200 mg/dl

Question 17

What is the direct action of atrial natriuretic hormone?

Accepted Answer

A)  Retain sodium 
B)  Excrete sodium 
C)  Retain water 
D)  Excrete water 
A)  Retain sodium 
B)  Excrete sodium 
C)  Retain water 
D)  Excrete water

Question 18

The filtration of plasma per unit of time is known as the glomerular filtration rate (GFR).The GFR is directly related to:

Accepted Answer

A)  perfusion pressure in the glomerular capillaries. 
B)  diffusion rate in the renal cortex. 
C)  diffusion rate in the renal medulla. 
D)  glomerular active transport. 
A)  perfusion pressure in the glomerular capillaries. 
B)  diffusion rate in the renal cortex. 
C)  diffusion rate in the renal medulla. 
D)  glomerular active transport.

Question 19

The target tissue for angiotensin II is the blood vessels and adrenal medulla.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

The kidneys are located within the peritoneal cavity,posterior to the intestines.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 33: Structure and Function of the Renal and Urologic Systems

The specific gravity of urine in older adults is normally:

Renal blood vessels are innervated by the parasympathetic nervous system.

MATCHING Match the descriptions with the corresponding terms. -Casts

MATCHING Match the descriptions with the corresponding terms. -Crystals

The left kidney is slightly lower than the right due to the location of the liver.

The best estimate of functioning renal tissue is:

The area of the kidneys that contains the glomeruli of the nephrons is the:

Which glucoprotein protects against urolithiasis and is a ligand for lymphokines?

Normally,99% of glomerular filtrate is reabsorbed.

What is the trigone?

Tubular secretion is the movement of fluids and solutes from the tubular lumen to the peritubular capillaries.

All of the following are part of the nephron except the:

A ring of smooth muscle,the ureteral sphincter,surrounds the ureters where they enter the urinary bladder.

The concentration of the final urine is determined by antidiuretic hormone (ADH),which is secreted by the:

_____ is a hormone synthesized and secreted by the kidneys.

How high does the serum glucose have to be for the threshold for glucose to be achieved?

What is the direct action of atrial natriuretic hormone?

The filtration of plasma per unit of time is known as the glomerular filtration rate (GFR).The GFR is directly related to:

The target tissue for angiotensin II is the blood vessels and adrenal medulla.

The kidneys are located within the peritoneal cavity,posterior to the intestines.

Cellular Biology

Altered Cellular and Tissue Biology

The Cellular Environment

Genes and Genetic Diseases

Genes, Environment-Lifestyle, and Common Diseases

Innate Immunity Including Inflammation

Adaptive Immunity

Alterations in Immunity and Inflammation Including Hypersensitivies

Infection Including Hivaids

Stress and Disease

Biology of Cancer

Tumor Invasion and Metastasis

Cancer in Children

Structure and Function of the Neurologic System

Pain, Temperature Regulation, Sleep, and Sensory Function

Concepts of Neurologic Dysfunction

Disorders of Neurologic Function

Neurobiology of Schizophrenia, Mood Disorders, and Anxiety Disorders

Alterations of Neurologic Function in Children

Mechanisms of Hormonal Regulation

Alterations of Hormonal Regulation

Structure and Function of the Reproductive Systems

Alterations of the Reproductive Systems

Sexually Transmitted Infections

Structure and Function of the Hematologic System

Alterations of Erythrocyte Function

Alterations in Hematologic Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Pulmonary System

Alterations of Pulmonary Function

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Digestive System

Alterations of Digestive Function

Alterations of Digestive Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function in Children

Structure, Function, and Disorders of the Integument

Alterations of the Integument in Children

Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Adults

Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Children

Alterations of Leukocyte, Lymphoid, and Hemostatic Function

Alterations of Pulmonary Function in Children

Filters