Question 1

Active transport in the renal tubules can be limited as the carrier molecules become saturated.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Which of the following is found in older adults?

Accepted Answer

A)  A sharp decline in GFR and no change in renal blood flow 
B)  A sharp decline in renal blood flow and in GFR 
C)  A decrease in the number of nephrons 
D)  An increase in GFR leading to increased urine output 
A)  A sharp decline in GFR and no change in renal blood flow 
B)  A sharp decline in renal blood flow and in GFR 
C)  A decrease in the number of nephrons 
D)  An increase in GFR leading to increased urine output

Question 3

As systemic blood pressure falls,the afferent arterioles of the kidneys _____,preventing a reduction in blood flow to the glomerulus.

Accepted Answer

A)  dilate 
B)  constrict 
C)  Neither of the above.The efferent arteriole is the artery that autoregulates to keep the glomerular filtration rate constant. 
A)  dilate 
B)  constrict 
C)  Neither of the above.The efferent arteriole is the artery that autoregulates to keep the glomerular filtration rate constant.

Question 4

On average,the kidneys receive approximately _____ % to _____ % of the cardiac output.

Accepted Answer

A)  10;20 
B)  15;20 
C)  20;25 
D)  30;35 
A)  10;20 
B)  15;20 
C)  20;25 
D)  30;35

Question 5

MATCHING
Match the descriptions with the corresponding terms.
-Erythrocytes

Accepted Answer

A) Good estimate of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) 
B) Form in concentrated acidic or alkaline urine 
C) Cylindric with distinct borders 
D) Hematuria 
E) Pyuria 
A) Good estimate of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) 
B) Form in concentrated acidic or alkaline urine 
C) Cylindric with distinct borders 
D) Hematuria 
E) Pyuria

Question 6

Kidney stones in the upper part of the ureter would produce pain referred to the:

Accepted Answer

A)  vulva or penis. 
B)  umbilicus. 
C)  thighs. 
D)  lower abdomen. 
A)  vulva or penis. 
B)  umbilicus. 
C)  thighs. 
D)  lower abdomen.

Question 7

What effects do exercise and body position have on renal blood flow?

Accepted Answer

A)  They activate renal parasympathetic neurons and cause mild vasoconstriction. 
B)  They activate renal sympathetic neurons and cause mild vasoconstriction. 
C)  They activate renal parasympathetic neurons and cause mild vasodilation. 
D)  They activate renal sympathetic neurons and cause mild vasodilation. 
A)  They activate renal parasympathetic neurons and cause mild vasoconstriction. 
B)  They activate renal sympathetic neurons and cause mild vasoconstriction. 
C)  They activate renal parasympathetic neurons and cause mild vasodilation. 
D)  They activate renal sympathetic neurons and cause mild vasodilation.

Question 8

What effect do natriuretic peptides (NAP)have when right atrial pressure rises?

Accepted Answer

A)  Stimulates antidiuretic hormones and contracts vascular smooth muscle 
B)  Inhibits antidiuretic hormones and contracts vascular smooth muscle 
C)  Stimulates renin and aldosterone and relaxes vascular smooth muscle 
D)  Inhibits renin and aldosterone and relaxes vascular smooth muscle 
A)  Stimulates antidiuretic hormones and contracts vascular smooth muscle 
B)  Inhibits antidiuretic hormones and contracts vascular smooth muscle 
C)  Stimulates renin and aldosterone and relaxes vascular smooth muscle 
D)  Inhibits renin and aldosterone and relaxes vascular smooth muscle

Question 9

What force(s)creates passive transport of water in the proximal tubule?

Accepted Answer

A)  Peritubular capillary hydrostatic pressure 
B)  Peritubular capillary oncotic and osmotic pressures 
C)  Interstitial hydrostatic pressure 
D)  Interstitial oncotic and osmotic pressures 
A)  Peritubular capillary hydrostatic pressure 
B)  Peritubular capillary oncotic and osmotic pressures 
C)  Interstitial hydrostatic pressure 
D)  Interstitial oncotic and osmotic pressures

Question 10

What is an action of renin,an enzyme secreted from the juxtaglomerular apparatus?

Accepted Answer

A)  Inactivation of autoregulation 
B)  Direct activation of angiotensin II 
C)  Direct release of ADH 
D)  Activation of angiotensin I 
A)  Inactivation of autoregulation 
B)  Direct activation of angiotensin II 
C)  Direct release of ADH 
D)  Activation of angiotensin I

Question 11

How much urine accumulates in the bladder before the mechanoreceptors sense bladder fullness?

Accepted Answer

A)  75 to 100 ml 
B)  100 to 150 ml 
C)  250 to 300 ml 
D)  350 to 400 ml 
A)  75 to 100 ml 
B)  100 to 150 ml 
C)  250 to 300 ml 
D)  350 to 400 ml

Question 12

What is the action of urodilantin?

Accepted Answer

A)  It causes vasodilation of afferent arterioles. 
B)  It causes vasodilation of the efferent arterioles. 
C)  It inhibits antidiuretic hormone (ADH)secretion. 
D)  It inhibits salt and water reabsorption. 
A)  It causes vasodilation of afferent arterioles. 
B)  It causes vasodilation of the efferent arterioles. 
C)  It inhibits antidiuretic hormone (ADH)secretion. 
D)  It inhibits salt and water reabsorption.

Exam 33: Structure and Function of the Renal and Urologic Systems

Active transport in the renal tubules can be limited as the carrier molecules become saturated.

Which of the following is found in older adults?

As systemic blood pressure falls,the afferent arterioles of the kidneys _____,preventing a reduction in blood flow to the glomerulus.

On average,the kidneys receive approximately _____ % to _____ % of the cardiac output.

MATCHING Match the descriptions with the corresponding terms. -Erythrocytes

Kidney stones in the upper part of the ureter would produce pain referred to the:

What effects do exercise and body position have on renal blood flow?

What effect do natriuretic peptides (NAP)have when right atrial pressure rises?

What force(s)creates passive transport of water in the proximal tubule?

What is an action of renin,an enzyme secreted from the juxtaglomerular apparatus?

How much urine accumulates in the bladder before the mechanoreceptors sense bladder fullness?

What is the action of urodilantin?

Cellular Biology

Altered Cellular and Tissue Biology

The Cellular Environment

Genes and Genetic Diseases

Genes, Environment-Lifestyle, and Common Diseases

Innate Immunity Including Inflammation

Adaptive Immunity

Alterations in Immunity and Inflammation Including Hypersensitivies

Infection Including Hivaids

Stress and Disease

Biology of Cancer

Tumor Invasion and Metastasis

Cancer in Children

Structure and Function of the Neurologic System

Pain, Temperature Regulation, Sleep, and Sensory Function

Concepts of Neurologic Dysfunction

Disorders of Neurologic Function

Neurobiology of Schizophrenia, Mood Disorders, and Anxiety Disorders

Alterations of Neurologic Function in Children

Mechanisms of Hormonal Regulation

Alterations of Hormonal Regulation

Structure and Function of the Reproductive Systems

Alterations of the Reproductive Systems

Sexually Transmitted Infections

Structure and Function of the Hematologic System

Alterations of Erythrocyte Function

Alterations in Hematologic Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Pulmonary System

Alterations of Pulmonary Function

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Digestive System

Alterations of Digestive Function

Alterations of Digestive Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function in Children

Structure, Function, and Disorders of the Integument

Alterations of the Integument in Children

Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Adults

Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Children

Alterations of Leukocyte, Lymphoid, and Hemostatic Function

Alterations of Pulmonary Function in Children

Filters

On average,the kidneys receive approximately _ % to _ % of the cardiac output.