Question 1

Increased susceptibility to pyogenic infections can be caused by:

Accepted Answer

A)  deficiency of the opsonic activities of complement. 
B)  any deficiency that compromises the lytic activity of complement. 
C)  deficient function of the mannose-binding lectin pathway. 
D)  all of the above. 
A)  deficiency of the opsonic activities of complement. 
B)  any deficiency that compromises the lytic activity of complement. 
C)  deficient function of the mannose-binding lectin pathway. 
D)  all of the above. D

Question 2

Increased complement levels can be observed in:

Accepted Answer

A)  inflammatory conditions. 
B)  excessive activation. 
C)  genetic defects. 
D)  both b and c 
A)  inflammatory conditions. 
B)  excessive activation. 
C)  genetic defects. 
D)  both b and c A

Question 3

The complement cascade reaches its full amplitude at the _________ stage.

Accepted Answer

A)  C1 
B)  C3 
C)  C4 
D)  factor H. 
A)  C1 
B)  C3 
C)  C4 
D)  factor H. B

Question 4

Complement is characterized by all the following except:

Accepted Answer

A)  collection of proteins synthesized in the liver. 
B)  heat-labile series of 18 plasma proteins. 
C)  normally present in the circulation in an inactive form. 
D)  normally present in the circulation as an active enzyme. 
A)  collection of proteins synthesized in the liver. 
B)  heat-labile series of 18 plasma proteins. 
C)  normally present in the circulation in an inactive form. 
D)  normally present in the circulation as an active enzyme.

Question 5

Cytokines are also referred to as interleukins.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

MATCHING
Match the complement component with the appropriate description.(Use each answer only once. )

-C7

Accepted Answer

A) Acute-phase protein 
B) Most common complement deficiency 
C) Useful with results of anti-DNA in the diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SL
E)  
D) Associated with Raynaud's phenomenon 
A) Acute-phase protein 
B) Most common complement deficiency 
C) Useful with results of anti-DNA in the diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SL
E)  
D) Associated with Raynaud's phenomenon

Question 7

The membrane attack complex (MAC)is characterized by all the following except:

Accepted Answer

A)  MAC components are the same in the final common pathway of complement activation. 
B)  C5-8 complex polymerizes C9 to form a tubule known as MAC. 
C)  MAC allows for the influx of Na+ and H2O,which produces lysis. 
D)  The complement cascade reaches full amplitude at this stage. 
A)  MAC components are the same in the final common pathway of complement activation. 
B)  C5-8 complex polymerizes C9 to form a tubule known as MAC. 
C)  MAC allows for the influx of Na+ and H2O,which produces lysis. 
D)  The complement cascade reaches full amplitude at this stage.

Question 8

In innate immunity,cytokines stimulate the proliferation and differentiation of antigen-stimulated lymphocytes and activate specialized effector cells.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

The measurement of C-reactive protein (CRP)can be used for all the following except:

Accepted Answer

A)  monitoring healing after acute myocardial infarction. 
B)  monitoring drug therapy with nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agents. 
C)  predicting risk of myocardial infarction. 
D)  diagnosis of viral septicemia. 
A)  monitoring healing after acute myocardial infarction. 
B)  monitoring drug therapy with nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agents. 
C)  predicting risk of myocardial infarction. 
D)  diagnosis of viral septicemia.

Question 10

The alternate complement pathway is activated by:

Accepted Answer

A)  bacterial exotoxins. 
B)  viruses. 
C)  antigen-antibody complexes. 
D)  haptens. 
A)  bacterial exotoxins. 
B)  viruses. 
C)  antigen-antibody complexes. 
D)  haptens.

Question 11

Functions of the complement system include:

Accepted Answer

A)  host defense against infection,such as chemotaxis. 
B)  clearance of apoptotic cells. 
C)  clearance of immune complexes from the tissues. 
D)  all of the above. 
A)  host defense against infection,such as chemotaxis. 
B)  clearance of apoptotic cells. 
C)  clearance of immune complexes from the tissues. 
D)  all of the above.

Question 12

MATCHING
Match the complement component with the appropriate description.(Use each answer only once. )

-C2

Accepted Answer

A) Acute-phase protein 
B) Most common complement deficiency 
C) Useful with results of anti-DNA in the diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SL
E)  
D) Associated with Raynaud's phenomenon 
A) Acute-phase protein 
B) Most common complement deficiency 
C) Useful with results of anti-DNA in the diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SL
E)  
D) Associated with Raynaud's phenomenon

Question 13

The mannose-binding lectin pathway is initiated by:

Accepted Answer

A)  platelet factor B. 
B)  bacterial exotoxins. 
C)  binding of MASP1 and MASP2 and another complex to arrays on the surface of a bacterial cell. 
D)  antigen-antibody complexes. 
A)  platelet factor B. 
B)  bacterial exotoxins. 
C)  binding of MASP1 and MASP2 and another complex to arrays on the surface of a bacterial cell. 
D)  antigen-antibody complexes.

Question 14

In adaptive immunity,cytokines mediate early inflammatory reactions to microbial organisms and stimulate adaptive immune responses.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

The physiologic or cellular consequences of complement activation can include:

Accepted Answer

A)  production of inflammatory mediators. 
B)  cytolysis or hemolysis. 
C)  opsonization. 
D)  all of the above. 
A)  production of inflammatory mediators. 
B)  cytolysis or hemolysis. 
C)  opsonization. 
D)  all of the above.

Question 16

Which of the following characteristics is representative of C-reactive protein (CRP)?

Accepted Answer

A)  The first acute-phase reactant to become elevated 
B)  Nonspecific indicator of inflammation 
C)  Acute-phase reactant 
D)  All of the above 
A)  The first acute-phase reactant to become elevated 
B)  Nonspecific indicator of inflammation 
C)  Acute-phase reactant 
D)  All of the above

Question 17

Interferons:

Accepted Answer

A)  are the principal mediator of the acute inflammatory response to gram-negative bacteria. 
B)  mediate interactions between leukocytes. 
C)  mediate the early immune response to viral infections. 
D)  stimulate cell differentiation. 
A)  are the principal mediator of the acute inflammatory response to gram-negative bacteria. 
B)  mediate interactions between leukocytes. 
C)  mediate the early immune response to viral infections. 
D)  stimulate cell differentiation.

Question 18

The classic complement pathway is activated by:

Accepted Answer

A)  platelet factor 2. 
B)  C3B. 
C)  factor B. 
D)  factor D. 
A)  platelet factor 2. 
B)  C3B. 
C)  factor B. 
D)  factor D.

Question 19

Cytokines are nonspecific in their chemical structure.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

The alternate complement pathway is initiated:

Accepted Answer

A)  by formation of antigen-antibody reactions. 
B)  as a nonantibody-initiated pathway. 
C)  without C1,C4,and C2. 
D)  both b and c 
A)  by formation of antigen-antibody reactions. 
B)  as a nonantibody-initiated pathway. 
C)  without C1,C4,and C2. 
D)  both b and c

Exam 5: Soluble Mediators of the Immune System

Increased susceptibility to pyogenic infections can be caused by:

Increased complement levels can be observed in:

The complement cascade reaches its full amplitude at the _________ stage.

Complement is characterized by all the following except:

Cytokines are also referred to as interleukins.

MATCHING Match the complement component with the appropriate description.(Use each answer only once. ) -C7

The membrane attack complex (MAC)is characterized by all the following except:

In innate immunity,cytokines stimulate the proliferation and differentiation of antigen-stimulated lymphocytes and activate specialized effector cells.

The measurement of C-reactive protein (CRP)can be used for all the following except:

The alternate complement pathway is activated by:

Functions of the complement system include:

MATCHING Match the complement component with the appropriate description.(Use each answer only once. ) -C2

The mannose-binding lectin pathway is initiated by:

In adaptive immunity,cytokines mediate early inflammatory reactions to microbial organisms and stimulate adaptive immune responses.

The physiologic or cellular consequences of complement activation can include:

Which of the following characteristics is representative of C-reactive protein (CRP)?

Interferons:

The classic complement pathway is activated by:

Cytokines are nonspecific in their chemical structure.

The alternate complement pathway is initiated:

An Overview of Immunology

Antigens and Antibodies

Cells and Cellular Activities of the Immune System: Granulocytes and Mononuclear Cells

Cells and Cellular Activities of the Immune System: Lymphocytes and Plasma Cells

Safety in the Immunology-Serology Laboratory

Quality Assurance and Quality Control

Basic Serologic Laboratory Techniques

Point-Of-Care Testing

Agglutination Methods

Electrophoresis Techniques

Labeling Techniques in Immunoassay

Automated Procedures

Molecular Techniques

The Immune Response in Infectious Diseases

A Primer on Vaccines

Streptococcal Infections

Syphilis

Vector-Borne Diseases

Toxoplasmosis

Cytomegalovirus

Infectious Mononucleosis

Viral Hepatitis

Rubella and Rubeola Infections

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome

Hypersensitivity Reactions

Immunoproliferative Disorders

Autoimmune Disorders

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Rheumatoid Arthritis

Solid Organ Transplantation

Bone Marrow Transplantation

Tumor Immunology

Filters