Exam 19: Nonparametric Statistics

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The Friedman test applies to which situation?

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In a normal approximation to the Wilcoxon rank sum test,the standardized test statistic is calculated as z = 1.80.For a two-tail test,the p-value is:

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In the case of comparing two population locations,the Kruskal-Wallis test can only determine whether a difference in locations exists.To determine which population has a higher location requires the use of the Wilcoxon ____________________ test.

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If both variables have a normal distribution,you should use the Spearman rank correlation coefficient to look for relationships,rather than the Pearson correlation coefficient.

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Statistical methods that require few assumptions,if any,about the population distribution are known as:

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Coffee ​ A supermarket chain has its own house brand of coffee.The general manager claims that their coffee is better than the coffee sold by a well-known Coffee Shop chain.To test the claim 40 individuals are randomly selected to participate in the following experiment.Each respondent is given the two brands of coffee to taste (without any identification)and asked to judge which one is better.Suppose that 25 people judge the Coffee Shop chain brand better,four say that the brands taste the same,and the rest claim that the supermarket brand is better. ​ ​ -{Coffee Narrative} What is the p-value of the test in the previous question?

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The Friedman test is always one tailed.The inequality sign in the alternative hypothesis is always ____________________.

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Which of the following tests employs matched-pairs sampling?

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Suppose using Kruskal-Wallis test,there are five samples,and the value of the test statistic is calculated as H = 12.32.Then the most accurate statement that can be made about the p-value of the test is that it is greater than 0.025 but smaller than 0.05

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Song Ratings A music critic wanted to determine whether or not music listeners of different age groups evaluate a song differently.With this objective,he commissioned a survey that asked people their ratings of the most popular songs.The rating categories were: 1 = terrible,2 = fair,3 = good,and 4 = excellent.Each respondent was also asked to categorize his or her age as either: 1 = teenager,2 = young adult (20-34),3 = middle age (35-50),and 4 = over 50. The results are shown below. Song Ratings  A music critic wanted to determine whether or not music listeners of different age groups evaluate a song differently.With this objective,he commissioned a survey that asked people their ratings of the most popular songs.The rating categories were: 1 = terrible,2 = fair,3 = good,and 4 = excellent.Each respondent was also asked to categorize his or her age as either: 1 = teenager,2 = young adult (20-34),3 = middle age (35-50),and 4 = over 50. The results are shown below.   ​ ​ -{Song Ratings Narrative} Which test can the movie critic use in this situation? ​ ​ -{Song Ratings Narrative} Which test can the movie critic use in this situation?

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The Wilcoxon signed rank sum test requires you to rank the absolute ____________________.

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In a Wilcoxon rank sum test,the two sample sizes are 4 and 6,and the value of the Wilcoxon test statistic is T = 20.If the test is a two-tail and the level of significance is α = 0.05,then:

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When data are ordinal and you want to analyze matched pairs differences,you use the ____________________ test.

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A statistician investigating the relationship between the amount of precipitation (in inches)and the number of automobile accidents gathered data for 10 randomly selected days.The results are shown below.(We cannot assume these variables have normal distributions.) A statistician investigating the relationship between the amount of precipitation (in inches)and the number of automobile accidents gathered data for 10 randomly selected days.The results are shown below.(We cannot assume these variables have normal distributions.)   Calculate the Spearman rank correlation coefficient,and test to determine at the 5% significance level whether we can infer that a linear relationship exists between the number of accidents and the amount of precipitation. Calculate the Spearman rank correlation coefficient,and test to determine at the 5% significance level whether we can infer that a linear relationship exists between the number of accidents and the amount of precipitation.

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The alternative hypothesis for the Friedman test is that all the population locations differ.

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Song Ratings A music critic wanted to determine whether or not music listeners of different age groups evaluate a song differently.With this objective,he commissioned a survey that asked people their ratings of the most popular songs.The rating categories were: 1 = terrible,2 = fair,3 = good,and 4 = excellent.Each respondent was also asked to categorize his or her age as either: 1 = teenager,2 = young adult (20-34),3 = middle age (35-50),and 4 = over 50. The results are shown below. Song Ratings  A music critic wanted to determine whether or not music listeners of different age groups evaluate a song differently.With this objective,he commissioned a survey that asked people their ratings of the most popular songs.The rating categories were: 1 = terrible,2 = fair,3 = good,and 4 = excellent.Each respondent was also asked to categorize his or her age as either: 1 = teenager,2 = young adult (20-34),3 = middle age (35-50),and 4 = over 50. The results are shown below.   ​ ​ -{Song Ratings Narrative} Explain how to use the p-value for testing the hypotheses. ​ ​ -{Song Ratings Narrative} Explain how to use the p-value for testing the hypotheses.

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The population Spearman correlation coefficient is labeled ____________________ and the sample statistic used to estimate its value is labeled ____________________.

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A nonparametric method to compare two populations,when the samples are matched pairs and the data are ordinal,is the:

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The Kruskal-Wallis test can be used to test for a difference between two populations.It will produce the same outcome as the two-tail Wilcoxon rank sum test.

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Because of the rising costs of construction accidents many construction firms have instituted safety courses.Employees are encouraged to take these courses designed to heighten safety awareness.A company is trying to decide which one of two courses to institute.To help make a decision,eight employees take course 1 and another eight take course 2.Each employee writes a test,which is marked,out of a possible 25.The results are shown below.Does this data provide sufficient evidence at the 5% level of significance to conclude that the marks from course 2 are higher than those of course 1? Assume that the scores are not normally distributed. Because of the rising costs of construction accidents many construction firms have instituted safety courses.Employees are encouraged to take these courses designed to heighten safety awareness.A company is trying to decide which one of two courses to institute.To help make a decision,eight employees take course 1 and another eight take course 2.Each employee writes a test,which is marked,out of a possible 25.The results are shown below.Does this data provide sufficient evidence at the 5% level of significance to conclude that the marks from course 2 are higher than those of course 1? Assume that the scores are not normally distributed.

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