Question 1

Identify the hormone that is released by the anterior pituitary but does not control other endocrine glands.

Accepted Answer

A) prolactin 
B) thyroid stimulating hormone 
C) adrenocorticotropic hormone 
D) gonadotropic hormone 
E) oxytocin 
A) prolactin 
B) thyroid stimulating hormone 
C) adrenocorticotropic hormone 
D) gonadotropic hormone 
E) oxytocin

Question 2

Removal of the anterior pituitary would result in a decrease in the following functions:

Accepted Answer

A) production of eggs and sperm,stimulation of the thyroid,cell division and production of glucocorticoids 
B) production of eggs and sperm,control of the circadian rhythm,cell division and production of glucocorticoids 
C) melatonin levels,stimulation of the thyroid,cell division and production of glucocorticoids 
D) production of eggs and sperm,stimulation of the thyroid,maturation of T lymphocytes and production of glucocorticoids 
A) production of eggs and sperm,stimulation of the thyroid,cell division and production of glucocorticoids 
B) production of eggs and sperm,control of the circadian rhythm,cell division and production of glucocorticoids 
C) melatonin levels,stimulation of the thyroid,cell division and production of glucocorticoids 
D) production of eggs and sperm,stimulation of the thyroid,maturation of T lymphocytes and production of glucocorticoids

Question 3

Simple goiter can be prevented by

Accepted Answer

A) surgery to remove the thyroid gland. 
B) removal of the pituitary. 
C) administration of ACTH. 
D) administration of insulin. 
E) increasing intake of iodine in the diet. 
A) surgery to remove the thyroid gland. 
B) removal of the pituitary. 
C) administration of ACTH. 
D) administration of insulin. 
E) increasing intake of iodine in the diet.

Question 4

The birth of a baby and milk production are synchronized.Babies can be born several months prematurely,and milk production is needed immediately after birth.How has the human body evolved to coordinate this delicate timing of events?

Accepted Answer

A) The ovaries signal the rest of the body tissues by varying the level of estrogen. 
B) Conscious awareness of the arrival of a baby triggers the mother's hypothalamus to secrete prolactin. 
C) The hypothalamus and pituitary that triggered the female reproductive cycle also schedule milk production on a nine-month clock basis. 
D) ADH produced by the baby passes through the placenta and,added to the mother's ADH,builds up her milk production relative to the size of the fetus. 
E) Oxytocin causes both the uterus to contract in labor and the release of milk from mammary glands,which is reinforced by prolactin from the pituitary. 
A) The ovaries signal the rest of the body tissues by varying the level of estrogen. 
B) Conscious awareness of the arrival of a baby triggers the mother's hypothalamus to secrete prolactin. 
C) The hypothalamus and pituitary that triggered the female reproductive cycle also schedule milk production on a nine-month clock basis. 
D) ADH produced by the baby passes through the placenta and,added to the mother's ADH,builds up her milk production relative to the size of the fetus. 
E) Oxytocin causes both the uterus to contract in labor and the release of milk from mammary glands,which is reinforced by prolactin from the pituitary.

Question 5

Both T3 and T4 are produced in the thyroid and are responsible for increasing the metabolic rate of specific organs in the body.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Which of the following statements about parathyroid hormone (PTH)is NOT correct?

Accepted Answer

A) Parathyroid hormone promotes the release of calcium from bones. 
B) When blood calcium levels are low,PTH secretion is stimulated. 
C) PTH decreases the activity of osteoclasts. 
D) PTH promotes the reabsorption of calcium by the kidneys. 
E) PTH has the opposite effect of calcitonin. 
A) Parathyroid hormone promotes the release of calcium from bones. 
B) When blood calcium levels are low,PTH secretion is stimulated. 
C) PTH decreases the activity of osteoclasts. 
D) PTH promotes the reabsorption of calcium by the kidneys. 
E) PTH has the opposite effect of calcitonin.

Question 7

Which of the following statements about non-steroid (peptide)hormones is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

A) Peptide hormones are derived from peptides,proteins,polypeptides,and derivatives of amino acids. 
B) Peptide hormones bind to receptors on the cell surface. 
C) Peptide hormones stimulate the formation cyclic AMP inside the cell. 
D) Peptide hormones must enter the cell in order to have an effect. 
E) Peptide hormones create an enzyme cascade effect. 
A) Peptide hormones are derived from peptides,proteins,polypeptides,and derivatives of amino acids. 
B) Peptide hormones bind to receptors on the cell surface. 
C) Peptide hormones stimulate the formation cyclic AMP inside the cell. 
D) Peptide hormones must enter the cell in order to have an effect. 
E) Peptide hormones create an enzyme cascade effect.

Question 8

An adolescent female who is hyperactive,nervous,irritable and has eyes that are protruding from their sockets is most likely suffering from ________ which is caused by ___________.

Accepted Answer

A) Grave's disease,oversecretion of T3 or T4 due to antibodies that mimic the effect of TSH. 
B) Grave's disease,undersecretion of T3 or T4 due to antibodies that mimic the effect of TSH. 
C) Cushings disease,oversecretion of T3 or T4 due to antibodies that mimic the effect of TSH. 
D) Grave's disease,oversecretion of T3 or T4 due to antibodies that mimic the effect of calcitonin. 
E) Cushings disease,oversecretion of T3 or T4 due to antibodies that mimic the effect of parathyroid hormone. 
A) Grave's disease,oversecretion of T3 or T4 due to antibodies that mimic the effect of TSH. 
B) Grave's disease,undersecretion of T3 or T4 due to antibodies that mimic the effect of TSH. 
C) Cushings disease,oversecretion of T3 or T4 due to antibodies that mimic the effect of TSH. 
D) Grave's disease,oversecretion of T3 or T4 due to antibodies that mimic the effect of calcitonin. 
E) Cushings disease,oversecretion of T3 or T4 due to antibodies that mimic the effect of parathyroid hormone.

Question 9

Which of the following endocrine glands does NOT produce its own hormones,but stores hormones produced by the hypothalamus?

Accepted Answer

A) thyroid 
B) adrenal cortex 
C) adrenal medulla 
D) posterior pituitary 
E) anterior pituitary 
A) thyroid 
B) adrenal cortex 
C) adrenal medulla 
D) posterior pituitary 
E) anterior pituitary

Question 10

Which of the following is not a function of the hypothalamus?

Accepted Answer

A) influences the blood pressure 
B) regulates appetite 
C) controls body temperature 
D) balances the water balance in the body 
E) All are functions of the hypothalamus. 
A) influences the blood pressure 
B) regulates appetite 
C) controls body temperature 
D) balances the water balance in the body 
E) All are functions of the hypothalamus.

Question 11

Which of the following is an example of a negative feedback mechanism in regards to hormone regulation?

Accepted Answer

A) ADH is released from the pituitary causing water to be reabsorbed in the kidneys. 
B) A baby suckles in order to stimulate milk production. 
C) The uterine contractions during labor stimulate oxytocin production. 
D) All of these are examples of a negative feedback mechanism. 
E) None of these are examples of a negative feedback mechanism. 
A) ADH is released from the pituitary causing water to be reabsorbed in the kidneys. 
B) A baby suckles in order to stimulate milk production. 
C) The uterine contractions during labor stimulate oxytocin production. 
D) All of these are examples of a negative feedback mechanism. 
E) None of these are examples of a negative feedback mechanism.

Question 12

Which of the following statements about steroid hormones is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

A) Estrogen is a steroid hormone. 
B) Steroid hormones do not bind to cell surface receptors. 
C) The hormone-receptor complex can enter the nucleus. 
D) The hormone-receptor complex can bind to chromatin. 
E) Steroid hormones act faster than non-steroid (peptide)hormones. 
A) Estrogen is a steroid hormone. 
B) Steroid hormones do not bind to cell surface receptors. 
C) The hormone-receptor complex can enter the nucleus. 
D) The hormone-receptor complex can bind to chromatin. 
E) Steroid hormones act faster than non-steroid (peptide)hormones.

Question 13

Which is an example of negative feedback?

Accepted Answer

A) Nursing action stimulates the hypothalamus to release oxytocin that triggers mammary gland milk production. 
B) When the blood becomes dilute,ADH is no longer released from the hypothalamus. 
C) Uterine stretching sends nerve impulses to the hypothalamus that releases oxytocin that stimulates uterine contraction. 
D) FSH and LH stimulate the gonads to produce sperm or eggs. 
E) TRH stimulates the anterior pituitary to release thyroid-stimulating hormone. 
A) Nursing action stimulates the hypothalamus to release oxytocin that triggers mammary gland milk production. 
B) When the blood becomes dilute,ADH is no longer released from the hypothalamus. 
C) Uterine stretching sends nerve impulses to the hypothalamus that releases oxytocin that stimulates uterine contraction. 
D) FSH and LH stimulate the gonads to produce sperm or eggs. 
E) TRH stimulates the anterior pituitary to release thyroid-stimulating hormone.

Question 14

If a chemical agent acted to make the nuclear envelope pores impermeable to the passage of hormones,what effect would it have?

Accepted Answer

A) Neither steroid nor non-steroid hormones would be effective. 
B) Steroid hormones would continue to be effective but non-steroid hormones would be ineffective. 
C) Non-steroid hormones would continue to be effective but steroid hormones would be ineffective. 
D) Both steroid and non-steroid hormones would continue to be effective. 
A) Neither steroid nor non-steroid hormones would be effective. 
B) Steroid hormones would continue to be effective but non-steroid hormones would be ineffective. 
C) Non-steroid hormones would continue to be effective but steroid hormones would be ineffective. 
D) Both steroid and non-steroid hormones would continue to be effective.

Question 15

The level of sodium in the blood is regulated by the secretion of the mineralocorticoid

Accepted Answer

A) oxytocin. 
B) insulin. 
C) cortisol. 
D) aldosterone. 
E) ACTH. 
A) oxytocin. 
B) insulin. 
C) cortisol. 
D) aldosterone. 
E) ACTH.

Question 16

Uncommonly large feet,hands,chin,nose,and eyebrow ridges on a normal-sized body are characteristic of the condition ______,that is caused by ______.

Accepted Answer

A) Cushing's syndrome; adrenal cortex hormones 
B) Addison's disease; atrial natriuretic hormone 
C) gigantism; overproduction of growth hormone in children 
D) pituitary dwarfism; hyposecretion of growth hormone in children 
E) acromegaly; overproduction of growth hormone in adults 
A) Cushing's syndrome; adrenal cortex hormones 
B) Addison's disease; atrial natriuretic hormone 
C) gigantism; overproduction of growth hormone in children 
D) pituitary dwarfism; hyposecretion of growth hormone in children 
E) acromegaly; overproduction of growth hormone in adults

Question 17

________ are hormones that act locally,affecting neighboring cells.

Accepted Answer

A) Insulin 
B) Oxytocin 
C) Pheromones 
D) Prostaglandins 
E) Oxytocin and pheromones are both correct. 
A) Insulin 
B) Oxytocin 
C) Pheromones 
D) Prostaglandins 
E) Oxytocin and pheromones are both correct.

Question 18

Zoologists extracted the chemical that the Japanese beetle uses to attract a mate,and used it in a trap to reduce the beetle population.Scientists were using a

Accepted Answer

A) hormone. 
B) pesticide. 
C) enzyme. 
D) pheromone. 
E) excretion. 
A) hormone. 
B) pesticide. 
C) enzyme. 
D) pheromone. 
E) excretion.

Question 19

A woman with a beard most likely has a malfunctioning

Accepted Answer

A) pancreas. 
B) pituitary. 
C) adrenal cortex. 
D) adrenal medulla. 
E) thyroid. 
A) pancreas. 
B) pituitary. 
C) adrenal cortex. 
D) adrenal medulla. 
E) thyroid.

Question 20

What hormone stimulates the production of cortisol?

Accepted Answer

A) growth hormone 
B) adrenocorticotropic hormone 
C) gonadotropic hormone 
D) thyroid-stimulating hormone 
E) antidiuretic hormone 
A) growth hormone 
B) adrenocorticotropic hormone 
C) gonadotropic hormone 
D) thyroid-stimulating hormone 
E) antidiuretic hormone

Exam 40: Hormones and Endocrine Systems

Identify the hormone that is released by the anterior pituitary but does not control other endocrine glands.

Removal of the anterior pituitary would result in a decrease in the following functions:

Simple goiter can be prevented by

The birth of a baby and milk production are synchronized.Babies can be born several months prematurely,and milk production is needed immediately after birth.How has the human body evolved to coordinate this delicate timing of events?

Both T3 and T4 are produced in the thyroid and are responsible for increasing the metabolic rate of specific organs in the body.

Which of the following statements about parathyroid hormone (PTH)is NOT correct?

Which of the following statements about non-steroid (peptide)hormones is NOT true?

An adolescent female who is hyperactive,nervous,irritable and has eyes that are protruding from their sockets is most likely suffering from ________ which is caused by ___________.

Which of the following endocrine glands does NOT produce its own hormones,but stores hormones produced by the hypothalamus?

Which of the following is not a function of the hypothalamus?

Which of the following is an example of a negative feedback mechanism in regards to hormone regulation?

Which of the following statements about steroid hormones is NOT true?

Which is an example of negative feedback?

If a chemical agent acted to make the nuclear envelope pores impermeable to the passage of hormones,what effect would it have?

The level of sodium in the blood is regulated by the secretion of the mineralocorticoid

Uncommonly large feet,hands,chin,nose,and eyebrow ridges on a normal-sized body are characteristic of the condition ______,that is caused by ______.

________ are hormones that act locally,affecting neighboring cells.

Zoologists extracted the chemical that the Japanese beetle uses to attract a mate,and used it in a trap to reduce the beetle population.Scientists were using a

A woman with a beard most likely has a malfunctioning

What hormone stimulates the production of cortisol?

A View of Life

Basic Chemistry

The Chemistry of Organic Molecules

Cell Structure and Function

Membrane Structure and Function

Metabolism: Energy and Enzymes

Photosynthesis

Cellular Respiration

The Cell Cycle and Cellular Reproduction

Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction

Mendelian Patterns of Inheritance

Molecular Biology of the Gene

Regulation of Gene Expression

Biotechnology and Genomics

Darwin and Evolution

How Populations Evolve

Speciation and Macroevolution

Origin and History of Life

Taxonomy,systematics,and Phylogeny

Viruses,bacteria,and Archaea

Protist Evolution and Diversity

Fungi Evolution and Diversity

Plant Evolution and Diversity

Flowering Plants: Structure and Organization

Flowering Plants: Nutrition and Transport

Flowering Plants: Control of Growth Responses

Flowering Plants: Reproduction

Invertebrate Evolution

Vertebrate Evolution

Human Evolution

Animal Organization and Homeostasis

Circulation and Cardiovascular Systems

The Lymphatic and Immune Systems

Digestive Systems and Nutrition

Respiratory Systems

Body Fluid Regulation and Excretory Systems

Neurons and Nervous Systems

Sense Organs

Locomotion and Support Systems

Reproductive Systems

Animal Development

Behavioral Ecology

Population Ecology

Community and Ecosystem Ecology

Major Ecosystems of the Biosphere

Conservation of Biodiversity

Filters

Both T₃ and T₄ are produced in the thyroid and are responsible for increasing the metabolic rate of specific organs in the body.

An adolescent female who is hyperactive,nervous,irritable and has eyes that are protruding from their sockets is most likely suffering from which is caused by ___.

Uncommonly large feet,hands,chin,nose,and eyebrow ridges on a normal-sized body are characteristic of the condition ,that is caused by .