Question 1

Which type of trait is more valuable in determining the evolutionary relationship between two organisms?

Accepted Answer

A) derived 
B) ancestral 
C) Both traits are equally valuable in determining the evolutionary relationship between two organisms. 
D) Neither trait is useful in determining the evolutionary relationship between two organisms. 
A) derived 
B) ancestral 
C) Both traits are equally valuable in determining the evolutionary relationship between two organisms. 
D) Neither trait is useful in determining the evolutionary relationship between two organisms.

Question 2

Whittaker's classification included Kingdom Monera,which included all prokaryotes.Why is this classification obsolete?

Accepted Answer

A) Based on fossil evidence,this group has been divided into three newly named kingdoms. 
B) This kingdom now includes more organisms,so the name has been changed. 
C) The prokaryotes,which were included in this kingdom,are now included in Protista. 
D) Based on molecular data,Monera has been divided into the two distinct domains,Archaea and Bacteria. 
A) Based on fossil evidence,this group has been divided into three newly named kingdoms. 
B) This kingdom now includes more organisms,so the name has been changed. 
C) The prokaryotes,which were included in this kingdom,are now included in Protista. 
D) Based on molecular data,Monera has been divided into the two distinct domains,Archaea and Bacteria.

Question 3

A taxon is the general name for a group of organisms that exhibit a set of shared traits.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

A study of echinoderm embryos,such as sea stars,confirms a similar developmental pattern to that of vertebrates.In both,the blastopore becomes the anus.This would be considered

Accepted Answer

A) behavioral data. 
B) convergent evolution. 
C) analogy. 
D) homology. 
E) synapomorphy. 
A) behavioral data. 
B) convergent evolution. 
C) analogy. 
D) homology. 
E) synapomorphy.

Question 5

Nonscientists often use the words ''name," ''identify," and ''classify" interchangeably.When they want to know what an organism is,they may ask "Can you name this?" or "Can you identify this?" or "Can you classify this?" Which of the following is/are correct usage(s)of the term(s)?

Accepted Answer

A) Only the scientist who first describes a new species actually names it. 
B) Classifying is grouping,and to classify something requires several organisms so you can group one as closer to a second and distant from a third. 
C) A farmer is using a key to detect pest insect species in his fields is identifying insects but not naming or necessarily classifying them. 
D) A scientist who publishes the name and description of a new species must necessarily also know both how to identify and classify the species. 
E) All of the choices are correct. 
A) Only the scientist who first describes a new species actually names it. 
B) Classifying is grouping,and to classify something requires several organisms so you can group one as closer to a second and distant from a third. 
C) A farmer is using a key to detect pest insect species in his fields is identifying insects but not naming or necessarily classifying them. 
D) A scientist who publishes the name and description of a new species must necessarily also know both how to identify and classify the species. 
E) All of the choices are correct.

Question 6

Based on this tree,mammals are as closely related to birds as they are to snakes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

In cladistics,_______________ is(are)the primary criterion used to classify organisms.

Accepted Answer

A) ecological niche 
B) common ancestry 
C) mating behavior 
D) observable traits 
E) All of the above. 
A) ecological niche 
B) common ancestry 
C) mating behavior 
D) observable traits 
E) All of the above.

Question 8

Of the three domains in Woese's classification system,which do most biologists recognize?

Accepted Answer

A) Monera,Archae,and Bacteria 
B) Fungi,Monera,and Archae 
C) Archae,Bacteria and Eukarya 
D) Protista,Fungi,and Eukarya 
A) Monera,Archae,and Bacteria 
B) Fungi,Monera,and Archae 
C) Archae,Bacteria and Eukarya 
D) Protista,Fungi,and Eukarya

Question 9

The northern copperhead is Agkistrodon contortrix contortrix,the southern copperhead is Agkistrodon contortrix mokasen,and the cottonmouth is Agkistrodon piscivorous.Therefore,

Accepted Answer

A) all are subspecies of Agkistrodon. 
B) they are three distinct species. 
C) the copperheads are subspecies and the cottonmouth is a separate species. 
D) they are all the same species. 
A) all are subspecies of Agkistrodon. 
B) they are three distinct species. 
C) the copperheads are subspecies and the cottonmouth is a separate species. 
D) they are all the same species.

Question 10

Eels are as closely related to lizards as they are to snakes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

The amino acid sequences in cytochrome c were determined for chickens,ducks,and humans.Scientists found a difference of 3 amino acids between chickens and ducks,but between chickens and humans there were 13 differences.One may conclude that

Accepted Answer

A) chickens are as closely related to humans as they are to ducks. 
B) chickens are more closely related to ducks than they are to humans. 
C) chickens are more closely related to humans than they are to ducks. 
D) None of the above. 
A) chickens are as closely related to humans as they are to ducks. 
B) chickens are more closely related to ducks than they are to humans. 
C) chickens are more closely related to humans than they are to ducks. 
D) None of the above.

Question 12

The outlined group is

Accepted Answer

A) monophyletic. 
B) paraphyletic. 
C) polyphyletic. 
D) monophyletic and paraphyletic are correct. 
A) monophyletic. 
B) paraphyletic. 
C) polyphyletic. 
D) monophyletic and paraphyletic are correct.

Exam 19: Taxonomy,systematics,and Phylogeny

Which type of trait is more valuable in determining the evolutionary relationship between two organisms?

Whittaker's classification included Kingdom Monera,which included all prokaryotes.Why is this classification obsolete?

A taxon is the general name for a group of organisms that exhibit a set of shared traits.

A study of echinoderm embryos,such as sea stars,confirms a similar developmental pattern to that of vertebrates.In both,the blastopore becomes the anus.This would be considered

Nonscientists often use the words ''name," ''identify," and ''classify" interchangeably.When they want to know what an organism is,they may ask "Can you name this?" or "Can you identify this?" or "Can you classify this?" Which of the following is/are correct usage(s)of the term(s)?

Based on this tree,mammals are as closely related to birds as they are to snakes.

In cladistics,_______________ is(are)the primary criterion used to classify organisms.

Of the three domains in Woese's classification system,which do most biologists recognize?

The northern copperhead is Agkistrodon contortrix contortrix,the southern copperhead is Agkistrodon contortrix mokasen,and the cottonmouth is Agkistrodon piscivorous.Therefore,

Eels are as closely related to lizards as they are to snakes.

The amino acid sequences in cytochrome c were determined for chickens,ducks,and humans.Scientists found a difference of 3 amino acids between chickens and ducks,but between chickens and humans there were 13 differences.One may conclude that

The outlined group is

A View of Life

Basic Chemistry

The Chemistry of Organic Molecules

Cell Structure and Function

Membrane Structure and Function

Metabolism: Energy and Enzymes

Photosynthesis

Cellular Respiration

The Cell Cycle and Cellular Reproduction

Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction

Mendelian Patterns of Inheritance

Molecular Biology of the Gene

Regulation of Gene Expression

Biotechnology and Genomics

Darwin and Evolution

How Populations Evolve

Speciation and Macroevolution

Origin and History of Life

Viruses,bacteria,and Archaea

Protist Evolution and Diversity

Fungi Evolution and Diversity

Plant Evolution and Diversity

Flowering Plants: Structure and Organization

Flowering Plants: Nutrition and Transport

Flowering Plants: Control of Growth Responses

Flowering Plants: Reproduction

Invertebrate Evolution

Vertebrate Evolution

Human Evolution

Animal Organization and Homeostasis

Circulation and Cardiovascular Systems

The Lymphatic and Immune Systems

Digestive Systems and Nutrition

Respiratory Systems

Body Fluid Regulation and Excretory Systems

Neurons and Nervous Systems

Sense Organs

Locomotion and Support Systems

Hormones and Endocrine Systems

Reproductive Systems

Animal Development

Behavioral Ecology

Population Ecology

Community and Ecosystem Ecology

Major Ecosystems of the Biosphere

Conservation of Biodiversity

Filters