Question 1

In examining water samples preserved in glass jars over the last century,you notice a steadily declining pH.What is the most likely general explanation?

Accepted Answer

A)  gradual eutrophication of water sources 
B)  rising atmospheric carbon dioxide levels leading to gradual acidification 
C)  dumping of acids in waterways 
D)  mislabeling of samples 
E)  None of the answer choices is correct. 
A)  gradual eutrophication of water sources 
B)  rising atmospheric carbon dioxide levels leading to gradual acidification 
C)  dumping of acids in waterways 
D)  mislabeling of samples 
E)  None of the answer choices is correct. B

Question 2

If you are planning to test a new cream designed to protect Australian cows' udders against decreased layers of ozone,you would need a lamp producing what kind of light?

Accepted Answer

A)  ultraviolet 
B)  violet 
C)  red 
D)  blue 
E)  green 
A)  ultraviolet 
B)  violet 
C)  red 
D)  blue 
E)  green A

Question 3

Any chemical,physical,or biological change in the environment that harms living organisms is

Accepted Answer

A)  nitrification. 
B)  an upwelling. 
C)  deforestation. 
D)  ozone depletion. 
E)  pollution. 
A)  nitrification. 
B)  an upwelling. 
C)  deforestation. 
D)  ozone depletion. 
E)  pollution. E

Question 4

In a process called _____,nitrogen and phosphorus fertilize algae in the water resulting in algal blooms.

Accepted Answer

A)  particulation 
B)  eutrophication 
C)  denitrification 
D)  nitrification 
E)  desertification 
A)  particulation 
B)  eutrophication 
C)  denitrification 
D)  nitrification 
E)  desertification

Question 5

Since the settling of North America by Europeans,only about _____ of the original temperate forest area survives.

Accepted Answer

A)  1% 
B)  5% 
C)  10% 
D)  20% 
E)  25% 
A)  1% 
B)  5% 
C)  10% 
D)  20% 
E)  25%

Question 6

If you were preparing a generalized plan to conserve biodiversity,besides habitat destruction,you would list eutrophication as the primary threat to biodiversity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

The background species extinction rate

Accepted Answer

A)  estimates how many extinctions humans are causing. 
B)  estimates how quickly species disappeared before human intervention. 
C)  measures today's extinction rate of animals. 
D)  measures today's extinction rate of plants. 
E)  All of the answer choices are correct. 
A)  estimates how many extinctions humans are causing. 
B)  estimates how quickly species disappeared before human intervention. 
C)  measures today's extinction rate of animals. 
D)  measures today's extinction rate of plants. 
E)  All of the answer choices are correct.

Question 8

Smog,among other things,indicates change in large-scale chemical cycles.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Overexploitation is harvesting a species faster than it can reproduce.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Air pollution in the lower atmosphere charterized by a visible haze is called a fug.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

In addition to eutrophication in lakes,which process is being caused by excess nutrients in rivers?

Accepted Answer

A)  warming of the water in the Gulf of Mexico 
B)  introduction of exotic species like Zebra mussels 
C)  the dead zone in the Gulf of Mexico 
D)  decreased plant growth 
E)  clogging of city water lines 
A)  warming of the water in the Gulf of Mexico 
B)  introduction of exotic species like Zebra mussels 
C)  the dead zone in the Gulf of Mexico 
D)  decreased plant growth 
E)  clogging of city water lines

Question 12

How is tropical deforestation linked to climate change?

Accepted Answer

A)  Burning the forests releases carbon dioxide, and transpiration by trees is diminished. 
B)  Burning the forests releases carbon dioxide, and transpiration by trees is increased. 
C)  Burning the forests consumes oxygen, and transpiration by trees is diminished. 
D)  Burning the forests consumes oxygen, and transpiration by trees is increased. 
A)  Burning the forests releases carbon dioxide, and transpiration by trees is diminished. 
B)  Burning the forests releases carbon dioxide, and transpiration by trees is increased. 
C)  Burning the forests consumes oxygen, and transpiration by trees is diminished. 
D)  Burning the forests consumes oxygen, and transpiration by trees is increased.

Question 13

Lodgepole chipmunks have moved to higher elevations in the last century as temperatures at Yellowstone warmed.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Since the 1950s,_____ of the ocean's large predatory fishes have disappeared.

Accepted Answer

A)  1% 
B)  20% 
C)  50% 
D)  70% 
E)  90% 
A)  1% 
B)  20% 
C)  50% 
D)  70% 
E)  90%

Question 15

The current extinction rate of vertebrates is 100-1000 times the historical background.This is primarily due to

Accepted Answer

A)  overharvesting. 
B)  competition with exotic species. 
C)  habitat destruction. 
D)  competition with native species. 
E)  random chance. 
A)  overharvesting. 
B)  competition with exotic species. 
C)  habitat destruction. 
D)  competition with native species. 
E)  random chance.

Question 16

If you found a species of plant consisting of widely separated small populations,what might you expect?

Accepted Answer

A)  low genetic diversity 
B)  bottleneck effects 
C)  increased likelihood of extinction 
D)  genetic isolation among subpopulations 
E)  All of the answer choices are correct. 
A)  low genetic diversity 
B)  bottleneck effects 
C)  increased likelihood of extinction 
D)  genetic isolation among subpopulations 
E)  All of the answer choices are correct.

Question 17

The normal pH of rainfall is

Accepted Answer

A)  slightly acidic, pH 5.6. 
B)  slightly basic, pH 5.6. 
C)  slightly acidic, pH 9.6. 
D)  slightly basic, pH 9.6. 
E)  neutral, pH 7.0. 
A)  slightly acidic, pH 5.6. 
B)  slightly basic, pH 5.6. 
C)  slightly acidic, pH 9.6. 
D)  slightly basic, pH 9.6. 
E)  neutral, pH 7.0.

Question 18

The greatest threat to the endangered great spotted kiwi of New Zealand is introduced predators.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

After nearing extinction in the 1960s,the bald eagle population is now about 10,000.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Melting of ice from sources on land (glaciers)raises sea levels.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 40: Preserving Biodiversity

In examining water samples preserved in glass jars over the last century,you notice a steadily declining pH.What is the most likely general explanation?

If you are planning to test a new cream designed to protect Australian cows' udders against decreased layers of ozone,you would need a lamp producing what kind of light?

Any chemical,physical,or biological change in the environment that harms living organisms is

In a process called _____,nitrogen and phosphorus fertilize algae in the water resulting in algal blooms.

Since the settling of North America by Europeans,only about _____ of the original temperate forest area survives.

If you were preparing a generalized plan to conserve biodiversity,besides habitat destruction,you would list eutrophication as the primary threat to biodiversity.

The background species extinction rate

Smog,among other things,indicates change in large-scale chemical cycles.

Overexploitation is harvesting a species faster than it can reproduce.

Air pollution in the lower atmosphere charterized by a visible haze is called a fug.

In addition to eutrophication in lakes,which process is being caused by excess nutrients in rivers?

How is tropical deforestation linked to climate change?

Lodgepole chipmunks have moved to higher elevations in the last century as temperatures at Yellowstone warmed.

Since the 1950s,_____ of the ocean's large predatory fishes have disappeared.

The current extinction rate of vertebrates is 100-1000 times the historical background.This is primarily due to

If you found a species of plant consisting of widely separated small populations,what might you expect?

The normal pH of rainfall is

The greatest threat to the endangered great spotted kiwi of New Zealand is introduced predators.

After nearing extinction in the 1960s,the bald eagle population is now about 10,000.

Melting of ice from sources on land (glaciers)raises sea levels.

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