Question 1

Which of the following diseases is not caused by viruses?

Accepted Answer

A)  the common cold and influenza 
B)  aids and warts 
C)  diabetes 
D)  polio and rabies 
E)  smallpox and mononucleosis 
A)  the common cold and influenza 
B)  aids and warts 
C)  diabetes 
D)  polio and rabies 
E)  smallpox and mononucleosis C

Question 2

An infectious RNA molecule is a

Accepted Answer

A)  virion. 
B)  prion. 
C)  viroid. 
D)  virus. 
E)  bacteriophage. 
A)  virion. 
B)  prion. 
C)  viroid. 
D)  virus. 
E)  bacteriophage. C

Question 3

Viruses always lack which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  an envelope 
B)  None of these answer options are correct, because viruses have all of these structures. 
C)  organelles 
D)  genetic material 
E)  a protein coat 
A)  an envelope 
B)  None of these answer options are correct, because viruses have all of these structures. 
C)  organelles 
D)  genetic material 
E)  a protein coat C

Question 4

Oral infections with herpes simplex virus 1 can lie dormant in nerve cells for years.When a patient becomes stressed,the virus is released,forming cold sores on the lips.While lying dormant,the virus is in which of the following states?

Accepted Answer

A)  infective 
B)  latent 
C)  replicative 
D)  symptomatic 
E)  lytic 
A)  infective 
B)  latent 
C)  replicative 
D)  symptomatic 
E)  lytic

Question 5

An infectious protein is a

Accepted Answer

A)  prion. 
B)  virion. 
C)  virus. 
D)  prophage. 
E)  viroid. 
A)  prion. 
B)  virion. 
C)  virus. 
D)  prophage. 
E)  viroid.

Question 6

The site,in nature,where viruses exist before they infect humans,is the

Accepted Answer

A)  capsid. 
B)  reservoir. 
C)  clade. 
D)  bacteriophage. 
E)  progenote. 
A)  capsid. 
B)  reservoir. 
C)  clade. 
D)  bacteriophage. 
E)  progenote.

Question 7

The host range of a virus is

Accepted Answer

A)  the type of organisms or cells that a virus can infect. 
B)  the geographical location in which the virus is found. 
C)  limited by availability of its needed nutritional resources. 
D)  always limited to one species. 
E)  the boundaries of the ecosystem in which it is found. 
A)  the type of organisms or cells that a virus can infect. 
B)  the geographical location in which the virus is found. 
C)  limited by availability of its needed nutritional resources. 
D)  always limited to one species. 
E)  the boundaries of the ecosystem in which it is found.

Question 8

In studies designed to determine the origin of HIV,how did the researchers first know that Marilyn the chimp may be infected with HIV?

Accepted Answer

A)  She had HIV DNA in her tissues. 
B)  She had tested positive antibodies against HIV. 
C)  She had been used in HIV research. 
D)  She had HIV RNA in her blood. 
E)  She had symptoms of HIV infection, or AIDS. 
A)  She had HIV DNA in her tissues. 
B)  She had tested positive antibodies against HIV. 
C)  She had been used in HIV research. 
D)  She had HIV RNA in her blood. 
E)  She had symptoms of HIV infection, or AIDS.

Question 9

Figuer:  
-Based on the figure,which of the following is true of HIV?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is an enveloped virus. 
B)  It replicates in the nucleus of cells. 
C)  It contains DNA as its genetic material. 
D)  It uses reverse transcriptase from the cell to make DNA. 
E)  It lyses cells when it is released. 
A)  It is an enveloped virus. 
B)  It replicates in the nucleus of cells. 
C)  It contains DNA as its genetic material. 
D)  It uses reverse transcriptase from the cell to make DNA. 
E)  It lyses cells when it is released.

Question 10

Treating a bacterial infection by inoculating the host with a bacterial virus is

Accepted Answer

A)  chemotherapy. 
B)  phage therapy. 
C)  None of the answer choices are correct. 
D)  radiation therapy. 
E)  antibiotic therapy. 
A)  chemotherapy. 
B)  phage therapy. 
C)  None of the answer choices are correct. 
D)  radiation therapy. 
E)  antibiotic therapy.

Question 11

A vaccine against the influenza virus would result in production of antibodies against which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  proteins in the envelope 
B)  the protein coat 
C)  lipids in the envelope 
D)  viral DNA 
E)  viral RNA 
A)  proteins in the envelope 
B)  the protein coat 
C)  lipids in the envelope 
D)  viral DNA 
E)  viral RNA

Question 12

Figuer:  
-SIV causes symptomless infections in monkeys and apes,yet causes AIDS-like disease in chimpanzees.HIV is closely related to SIV and causes AIDS in humans.Which of the following is the best explanation for these observations?

Accepted Answer

A)  SIV is most likely lytic in apes and monkeys. 
B)  SIV is most likely latent in chimpanzees. 
C)  Chimpanzees and humans have a more recent common ancestor. 
D)  The effects of viruses on different species is random. 
E)  Monkeys, apes, and chimpanzees are all genetically very similar. 
A)  SIV is most likely lytic in apes and monkeys. 
B)  SIV is most likely latent in chimpanzees. 
C)  Chimpanzees and humans have a more recent common ancestor. 
D)  The effects of viruses on different species is random. 
E)  Monkeys, apes, and chimpanzees are all genetically very similar.

Question 13

Figuer:
Five different virus species are shown and labeled arrows indicate structures.  
-The virus structure indicated by the arrow labeled C is the

Accepted Answer

A)  genetic material, DNA or RNA. 
B)  the bacteriophage. 
C)  the bacterial membrane. 
D)  the lipid-rich envelope. 
E)  the protein coat, or capsid. 
A)  genetic material, DNA or RNA. 
B)  the bacteriophage. 
C)  the bacterial membrane. 
D)  the lipid-rich envelope. 
E)  the protein coat, or capsid.

Question 14

A trait that is not shared by lytic and lysogenic viruses is

Accepted Answer

A)  lysis of the host cell occurs soon after the infection. 
B)  a protein capsid specialized for attachment to the host cells. 
C)  dependence on the metabolism and synthesis processes of the host cell for replication. 
D)  None of the answer options are correct; lytic and lysogenic viruses share all these listed traits. 
E)  DNA or RNA is the nucleic acid responsible for storage of the genetic information. 
A)  lysis of the host cell occurs soon after the infection. 
B)  a protein capsid specialized for attachment to the host cells. 
C)  dependence on the metabolism and synthesis processes of the host cell for replication. 
D)  None of the answer options are correct; lytic and lysogenic viruses share all these listed traits. 
E)  DNA or RNA is the nucleic acid responsible for storage of the genetic information.

Question 15

A layer of membrane outside the protein coat of some viruses is called a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  capsid. 
B)  protein coat. 
C)  envelope. 
D)  capsomere. 
E)  plasmid. 
A)  capsid. 
B)  protein coat. 
C)  envelope. 
D)  capsomere. 
E)  plasmid.

Question 16

Smallpox is an enveloped virus with a DNA genome.We have eliminated this once deadly virus through an aggressive worldwide vaccination program.Why might a vaccine be successful with smallpox,but not with HIV?

Accepted Answer

A)  Host cells have RNA in them, and thus do not raise antibodies against RNA. 
B)  Viruses with DNA genomes must replicate inside a host cell. 
C)  Smallpox is an enveloped virus. 
D)  RNA is more stable than DNA, and is less likely to be destroyed by the vaccine. 
E)  DNA genomes mutate less rapidly than RNA genomes. 
A)  Host cells have RNA in them, and thus do not raise antibodies against RNA. 
B)  Viruses with DNA genomes must replicate inside a host cell. 
C)  Smallpox is an enveloped virus. 
D)  RNA is more stable than DNA, and is less likely to be destroyed by the vaccine. 
E)  DNA genomes mutate less rapidly than RNA genomes.

Question 17

Many viruses are inhibited by antibiotics.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Figuer:  
-Based on the figure,which of the following statements is most likely accurate?

Accepted Answer

A)  HIV arose more than once. 
B)  HIV and SIV are not genetically related. 
C)  SIV only arose once. 
D)  HIV groups M, N, and O will be more similar to each other than to SIV. 
E)  The SIV strains will all have more sequence similarity with each other than with any of the HIV groups. 
A)  HIV arose more than once. 
B)  HIV and SIV are not genetically related. 
C)  SIV only arose once. 
D)  HIV groups M, N, and O will be more similar to each other than to SIV. 
E)  The SIV strains will all have more sequence similarity with each other than with any of the HIV groups.

Question 19

The enzyme that HIV uses to copy its RNA into DNA is

Accepted Answer

A)  reverse transcriptase. 
B)  RNA polymerase. 
C)  RNA integrase. 
D)  DNA polymerase. 
E)  transcriptase. 
A)  reverse transcriptase. 
B)  RNA polymerase. 
C)  RNA integrase. 
D)  DNA polymerase. 
E)  transcriptase.

Question 20

A friend of yours,as a biology major,has prepared microscope specimens from a rat that had been found dead for unknown reasons.Viewing the prepared slide with a light microscope,your friend points out many small round objects,each about 1/10th the diameter of the nearby rat cells,identifying those round objects as viruses,the likely reason for the rat's death.You can interpret from the observations that

Accepted Answer

A)  the viruses your friend identified were likely received as an infection from another organism. 
B)  these are more likely bacteria, being too large for viruses. 
C)  they are indeed viruses, likely received from another organism, and are also specifically common bacteriophages. 
D)  they are probably specialized bacteriophages that commonly infect mammals. 
E)  they are capsids, which have evolved as a transition between viruses and bacteria. 
A)  the viruses your friend identified were likely received as an infection from another organism. 
B)  these are more likely bacteria, being too large for viruses. 
C)  they are indeed viruses, likely received from another organism, and are also specifically common bacteriophages. 
D)  they are probably specialized bacteriophages that commonly infect mammals. 
E)  they are capsids, which have evolved as a transition between viruses and bacteria.

Exam 16: Viruses

Which of the following diseases is not caused by viruses?

An infectious RNA molecule is a

Viruses always lack which of the following?

Oral infections with herpes simplex virus 1 can lie dormant in nerve cells for years.When a patient becomes stressed,the virus is released,forming cold sores on the lips.While lying dormant,the virus is in which of the following states?

An infectious protein is a

The site,in nature,where viruses exist before they infect humans,is the

The host range of a virus is

In studies designed to determine the origin of HIV,how did the researchers first know that Marilyn the chimp may be infected with HIV?

Figuer: -Based on the figure,which of the following is true of HIV?

Treating a bacterial infection by inoculating the host with a bacterial virus is

A vaccine against the influenza virus would result in production of antibodies against which of the following?

Figuer: -SIV causes symptomless infections in monkeys and apes,yet causes AIDS-like disease in chimpanzees.HIV is closely related to SIV and causes AIDS in humans.Which of the following is the best explanation for these observations?

Figuer: Five different virus species are shown and labeled arrows indicate structures. -The virus structure indicated by the arrow labeled C is the

A trait that is not shared by lytic and lysogenic viruses is

A layer of membrane outside the protein coat of some viruses is called a(n)

Smallpox is an enveloped virus with a DNA genome.We have eliminated this once deadly virus through an aggressive worldwide vaccination program.Why might a vaccine be successful with smallpox,but not with HIV?

Many viruses are inhibited by antibiotics.

Figuer: -Based on the figure,which of the following statements is most likely accurate?

The enzyme that HIV uses to copy its RNA into DNA is

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