Question 1

In nerve impulse transmission,the neuron sending the message across a synapse is called the

Accepted Answer

A)  postsynaptic cell. 
B)  Schwann cell. 
C)  presynaptic cell. 
D)  motor cell. 
E)  receptor neuron. 
A)  postsynaptic cell. 
B)  Schwann cell. 
C)  presynaptic cell. 
D)  motor cell. 
E)  receptor neuron. C

Question 2

Imagine that you are told to use a fluorescent antibody that binds to sodium channels to helpvisualize the part of a neuron where nerve impulses originate.The area where you would find the greatest antibody fluorescence and therefore the greatest concentration of sodium channels would be the

Accepted Answer

A)  trigger zone. 
B)  axon. 
C)  synapse. 
D)  Schwann cell. 
E)  dendrite. 
A)  trigger zone. 
B)  axon. 
C)  synapse. 
D)  Schwann cell. 
E)  dendrite. A

Question 3

In the research on Na+ uptake by clam cells,the researchers focused on Na+ transporters.Why can't Na+ ions cross a cell membrane without a transport protein?

Accepted Answer

A)  There is not a Na+ gradient without a transport protein. 
B)  Na+ is hydrophobic. 
C)  Na+ uptake requires active transport. 
D)  Na+ can diffuse directly across a membrane. 
E)  Membranes are hydrophobic. 
A)  There is not a Na+ gradient without a transport protein. 
B)  Na+ is hydrophobic. 
C)  Na+ uptake requires active transport. 
D)  Na+ can diffuse directly across a membrane. 
E)  Membranes are hydrophobic. E

Question 4

The type of neuron that brings information toward the central nervous system is the

Accepted Answer

A)  synaptic neuron. 
B)  interneuron. 
C)  motor neuron. 
D)  sensory neuron. 
E)  somatic neuron. 
A)  synaptic neuron. 
B)  interneuron. 
C)  motor neuron. 
D)  sensory neuron. 
E)  somatic neuron.

Question 5

In the peripheral nervous system,neuroglia called __________________ form the myelin sheath.

Accepted Answer

A)  companion cells 
B)  oligodendrocytes 
C)  Schwann cells 
D)  alpha cells 
E)  trigger cells 
A)  companion cells 
B)  oligodendrocytes 
C)  Schwann cells 
D)  alpha cells 
E)  trigger cells

Question 6

A typical neuron consists of a cell body,dendrites,and an axon.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

If a person has a stroke and their speech becomes impaired,which region of the brain was likely to be affected?

Accepted Answer

A)  parietal lobe 
B)  frontal lobe 
C)  occipital lobe 
D)  temporal lobe 
E)  brainstem 
A)  parietal lobe 
B)  frontal lobe 
C)  occipital lobe 
D)  temporal lobe 
E)  brainstem

Question 8

You are examining a primitive vertebrate and want to determine whether the same part of its brain coordinates muscular movement as in the human brain,so you would do a surgical experiment to disconnect the rest of the brain from the

Accepted Answer

A)  cerebellum. 
B)  hypothalamus. 
C)  medulla oblongata. 
D)  pons. 
E)  cerebrum. 
A)  cerebellum. 
B)  hypothalamus. 
C)  medulla oblongata. 
D)  pons. 
E)  cerebrum.

Question 9

Based on your understanding of homeostatsis in humans,you would expect a shutdown of the central nervous system of a cat to affect homeostasis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

You are asked to design a chemical to mimic another chemical critical for transmitting nerve signals from one neuron to another.Therefore,you know that you need to design an inhibitor chemical to counteract a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  synaptic cleft. 
B)  action potential. 
C)  hormone. 
D)  neurotransmitter. 
E)  neurotoxin. 
A)  synaptic cleft. 
B)  action potential. 
C)  hormone. 
D)  neurotransmitter. 
E)  neurotoxin.

Question 11

A neuron fires when Na+ ions

Accepted Answer

A)  move down their concentration gradient by the process of facilitated diffusion. 
B)  are actively pumped down their concentration gradient. 
C)  move against their concentration gradient spontaneously. 
D)  are actively pumped against their concentration gradient. 
E)  are released from an internal store. 
A)  move down their concentration gradient by the process of facilitated diffusion. 
B)  are actively pumped down their concentration gradient. 
C)  move against their concentration gradient spontaneously. 
D)  are actively pumped against their concentration gradient. 
E)  are released from an internal store.

Question 12

The nervous system of a cat is more similar to the nervous system of a human than to the nervous system of a crayfish.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

If you were designing an artificial device to mimic a nerve involved in perceiving pressure,what kind of potential would the device need to mimic?

Accepted Answer

A)  threshold potential 
B)  action potential 
C)  graded potential 
D)  both threshold and action potentials 
E)  both threshold and graded potentials 
A)  threshold potential 
B)  action potential 
C)  graded potential 
D)  both threshold and action potentials 
E)  both threshold and graded potentials

Question 14

During an action potential,

Accepted Answer

A)  sodium ions rush out of the cell, switching the potential to +35 mV. 
B)  sodium ions rush into the cell, switching the potential to −70 mV. 
C)  sodium ions rush into the cell, switching the potential to +35 mV. 
D)  sodium ions rush out of the cell, switching the potential to −70 mV. 
E)  sodium ions rapidly move in and out of different parts of the neuron, oscillating potential between −50 and +35 mV. 
A)  sodium ions rush out of the cell, switching the potential to +35 mV. 
B)  sodium ions rush into the cell, switching the potential to −70 mV. 
C)  sodium ions rush into the cell, switching the potential to +35 mV. 
D)  sodium ions rush out of the cell, switching the potential to −70 mV. 
E)  sodium ions rapidly move in and out of different parts of the neuron, oscillating potential between −50 and +35 mV.

Question 15

An atom or molecule with an electrical charge is a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  isomer. 
B)  isotope. 
C)  ion. 
D)  neurotransmitter. 
E)  acid. 
A)  isomer. 
B)  isotope. 
C)  ion. 
D)  neurotransmitter. 
E)  acid.

Question 16

The three major roles of the human nervous system,based on the general role of the nervous system in vertebrates,are

Accepted Answer

A)  sensory integration, glandular response, and motor response. 
B)  seeing, feeling, and hearing. 
C)  sensory input, sensory integration, and motor response. 
D)  smooth muscle response, cardiac muscle response, and skeletal muscle response. 
E)  motor input, motor integration, and general sensation. 
A)  sensory integration, glandular response, and motor response. 
B)  seeing, feeling, and hearing. 
C)  sensory input, sensory integration, and motor response. 
D)  smooth muscle response, cardiac muscle response, and skeletal muscle response. 
E)  motor input, motor integration, and general sensation.

Question 17

You hear that a friend has had a traumatic injury to a part of the nervous system,resulting in a large loss in the ability to transmit nerve impulses.You guess that this means damage to the

Accepted Answer

A)  motor neuron. 
B)  spinal cord. 
C)  sensory neuron. 
D)  brainstem. 
E)  medulla oblongata. 
A)  motor neuron. 
B)  spinal cord. 
C)  sensory neuron. 
D)  brainstem. 
E)  medulla oblongata.

Question 18

The autonomic nervous system controls voluntary muscles involved in processes such as moving legs while consciously walking.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Even though a hydra only has a nerve net,not a central nervous system,it still has

Accepted Answer

A)  synapses. 
B)  gray matter. 
C)  white matter. 
D)  an autonomic nervous system. 
E)  the same neurotransmitters as humans. 
A)  synapses. 
B)  gray matter. 
C)  white matter. 
D)  an autonomic nervous system. 
E)  the same neurotransmitters as humans.

Question 20

A motor neuron's __________ and ___________ reside in the central nervous system,but its ____________ extend(s)into the peripheral nervous system.

Accepted Answer

A)  cell body; dendrites; axon 
B)  axon; cell body; trigger zone 
C)  dendrites; axon; cell body 
D)  axon; cell body; dendrites 
E)  None of the answer choices are correct. 
A)  cell body; dendrites; axon 
B)  axon; cell body; trigger zone 
C)  dendrites; axon; cell body 
D)  axon; cell body; dendrites 
E)  None of the answer choices are correct.

Exam 26: The Nervous System

In nerve impulse transmission,the neuron sending the message across a synapse is called the

Imagine that you are told to use a fluorescent antibody that binds to sodium channels to helpvisualize the part of a neuron where nerve impulses originate.The area where you would find the greatest antibody fluorescence and therefore the greatest concentration of sodium channels would be the

In the research on Na+ uptake by clam cells,the researchers focused on Na+ transporters.Why can't Na+ ions cross a cell membrane without a transport protein?

The type of neuron that brings information toward the central nervous system is the

In the peripheral nervous system,neuroglia called __________________ form the myelin sheath.

A typical neuron consists of a cell body,dendrites,and an axon.

If a person has a stroke and their speech becomes impaired,which region of the brain was likely to be affected?

You are examining a primitive vertebrate and want to determine whether the same part of its brain coordinates muscular movement as in the human brain,so you would do a surgical experiment to disconnect the rest of the brain from the

Based on your understanding of homeostatsis in humans,you would expect a shutdown of the central nervous system of a cat to affect homeostasis.

You are asked to design a chemical to mimic another chemical critical for transmitting nerve signals from one neuron to another.Therefore,you know that you need to design an inhibitor chemical to counteract a(n)

A neuron fires when Na+ ions

The nervous system of a cat is more similar to the nervous system of a human than to the nervous system of a crayfish.

If you were designing an artificial device to mimic a nerve involved in perceiving pressure,what kind of potential would the device need to mimic?

During an action potential,

An atom or molecule with an electrical charge is a(n)

The three major roles of the human nervous system,based on the general role of the nervous system in vertebrates,are

You hear that a friend has had a traumatic injury to a part of the nervous system,resulting in a large loss in the ability to transmit nerve impulses.You guess that this means damage to the

The autonomic nervous system controls voluntary muscles involved in processes such as moving legs while consciously walking.

Even though a hydra only has a nerve net,not a central nervous system,it still has

A motor neuron's __________ and ___________ reside in the central nervous system,but its ____________ extend(s)into the peripheral nervous system.

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In the research on Na⁺ uptake by clam cells,the researchers focused on Na⁺ transporters.Why can't Na⁺ ions cross a cell membrane without a transport protein?

A neuron fires when Na⁺ ions

A motor neuron's ____ and _ reside in the central nervous system,but its ________ extend(s)into the peripheral nervous system.