Question 1

Molecular evidence places fungi closer to plants than to animals.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 2

When a haploid spore germinates,it goes through mitosis,forming hyphae.The resulting hyphae would be which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  gametes 
B)  dikaryotic 
C)  haploid 
D)  diploid 
E)  zygotes 
A)  gametes 
B)  dikaryotic 
C)  haploid 
D)  diploid 
E)  zygotes C

Question 3

About 80% of all land plants,including grasses,shrubs,and trees,form mycorrhizae.Mycorrhizae are which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  mutualistic associations between fungi and plant leaves 
B)  balanced competitive associations between plants and fungi 
C)  parasitic associations between fungi and plant leaves 
D)  mutualistic associations between fungi and plant roots 
E)  parasitic associations between fungi and plant roots 
A)  mutualistic associations between fungi and plant leaves 
B)  balanced competitive associations between plants and fungi 
C)  parasitic associations between fungi and plant leaves 
D)  mutualistic associations between fungi and plant roots 
E)  parasitic associations between fungi and plant roots D

Question 4

Figuer:  
-Based on the structures of the spores of Neurospora crassa in this figure,in which phylum would it be found?

Accepted Answer

A)  basidiomycetes 
B)  ascomycetes 
C)  chytridiomycetes 
D)  deuteromycetes 
E)  zygomycetes 
A)  basidiomycetes 
B)  ascomycetes 
C)  chytridiomycetes 
D)  deuteromycetes 
E)  zygomycetes

Question 5

Which of the following is a correct statement?

Accepted Answer

A)  Fungi are heterotrophs, but plants are essentially autotrophs. 
B)  All of the answer choices are correct. 
C)  Plants and fungi both carry out photosynthesis. 
D)  Plants and fungi both have cellulose as the main component of their cell walls. 
E)  Glycogen is the main storage carbohydrate in both fungi and plants. 
A)  Fungi are heterotrophs, but plants are essentially autotrophs. 
B)  All of the answer choices are correct. 
C)  Plants and fungi both carry out photosynthesis. 
D)  Plants and fungi both have cellulose as the main component of their cell walls. 
E)  Glycogen is the main storage carbohydrate in both fungi and plants.

Question 6

Microscopic reproductive cells produced by most fungi are

Accepted Answer

A)  fruiting bodies. 
B)  spores. 
C)  mycelium. 
D)  gills. 
E)  hyphae. 
A)  fruiting bodies. 
B)  spores. 
C)  mycelium. 
D)  gills. 
E)  hyphae.

Question 7

Ascomycetes are fungi that cause disease and are not beneficial to humans in any way.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Sometimes if a person takes an antibiotic to treat a bacterial infection,the yeast Candida can grow out of control and cause a vaginal or intestinal infection.What is the best explanation for this observation?

Accepted Answer

A)  The antibiotic weakens the immune system. 
B)  There are fewer bacteria present to compete with the yeast. 
C)  Bacteria normally digest yeast cells. 
D)  Antibiotics are often contaminated with Candida yeast. 
E)  The antibiotic causes mutations in the yeast that give the yeast resistance. 
A)  The antibiotic weakens the immune system. 
B)  There are fewer bacteria present to compete with the yeast. 
C)  Bacteria normally digest yeast cells. 
D)  Antibiotics are often contaminated with Candida yeast. 
E)  The antibiotic causes mutations in the yeast that give the yeast resistance.

Question 9

A dikaryotic stage is common in the life cycle of many plants,protozoans,and fungi.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Unlike the plant cells,fungal cells lack which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  mitochondria 
B)  cell walls 
C)  cytoplasm 
D)  chloroplasts 
E)  nuclei 
A)  mitochondria 
B)  cell walls 
C)  cytoplasm 
D)  chloroplasts 
E)  nuclei

Question 11

The familiar growth form represented by edible mushrooms,as well as some poisonous mushrooms,is associated with the ______ phylum.

Accepted Answer

A)  glomeromycetes 
B)  basidiomycetes 
C)  zygomycetes 
D)  ascomycetes 
E)  chytridiomycetes 
A)  glomeromycetes 
B)  basidiomycetes 
C)  zygomycetes 
D)  ascomycetes 
E)  chytridiomycetes

Question 12

Fungi are classified into phyla based on which characteristic?

Accepted Answer

A)  composition of cell wall 
B)  organelles 
C)  sexual structures 
D)  multicellular versus unicellular 
E)  photosynthesis 
A)  composition of cell wall 
B)  organelles 
C)  sexual structures 
D)  multicellular versus unicellular 
E)  photosynthesis

Question 13

Figuer:  
-The organization of the spores would make Neurospora crassa useful for studying which biological process?

Accepted Answer

A)  crossing over during meiosis 
B)  circadian rhythms 
C)  asexual reproduction 
D)  gene regulation 
E)  one gene-one enzyme 
A)  crossing over during meiosis 
B)  circadian rhythms 
C)  asexual reproduction 
D)  gene regulation 
E)  one gene-one enzyme

Question 14

Why are lichens a good indicator of environmental quality?

Accepted Answer

A)  If the soil is polluted, they cannot produce roots. 
B)  They cannot excrete absorbed toxins. 
C)  They cannot absorb toxins. 
D)  If the air is polluted, they cannot get enough sunlight for photosynthesis. 
E)  Toxins inhibit their reproduction. 
A)  If the soil is polluted, they cannot produce roots. 
B)  They cannot excrete absorbed toxins. 
C)  They cannot absorb toxins. 
D)  If the air is polluted, they cannot get enough sunlight for photosynthesis. 
E)  Toxins inhibit their reproduction.

Question 15

The spore-producing structure of aggregated hyphae,as shown in the diagram below,is a

Accepted Answer

A)  sporophytes. 
B)  gills. 
C)  hyphae. 
D)  fruiting bodies. 
E)  mycelium. 
A)  sporophytes. 
B)  gills. 
C)  hyphae. 
D)  fruiting bodies. 
E)  mycelium.

Question 16

A disease-causing fungus found in bird droppings is called

Accepted Answer

A)  Claviceps purpurea. 
B)  Aspergillus flavus. 
C)  Coccidioides immitis. 
D)  Histoplasma capsulatum. 
E)  Staphylococcus aureus. 
A)  Claviceps purpurea. 
B)  Aspergillus flavus. 
C)  Coccidioides immitis. 
D)  Histoplasma capsulatum. 
E)  Staphylococcus aureus.

Question 17

The large reproductive structure shown,produced after meiosis in the fungal life cycle,is characteristically covered by a large,flat,shelf,conical,or puffball fruiting body in the phylum

Accepted Answer

A)  chytridiomycetes. 
B)  glomeromycetes. 
C)  zygomycetes. 
D)  ascomycetes. 
E)  basidiomycetes. 
A)  chytridiomycetes. 
B)  glomeromycetes. 
C)  zygomycetes. 
D)  ascomycetes. 
E)  basidiomycetes.

Question 18

Figuer:  
-In the figure,what was the dependent variable?

Accepted Answer

A)  the percent of the leaf area damaged 
B)  the age of the leaf 
C)  the presence or absence of the pathogen Phytophthora 
D)  the presence or absence of endophyte spores 
E)  the percent of the leaf area containing endophytes 
A)  the percent of the leaf area damaged 
B)  the age of the leaf 
C)  the presence or absence of the pathogen Phytophthora 
D)  the presence or absence of endophyte spores 
E)  the percent of the leaf area containing endophytes

Question 19

Chytridiomycetes produce enzymes that digest cellulose,chitin,and similar molecules.Because of this,they are found in the digestive tract of

Accepted Answer

A)  frogs. 
B)  people. 
C)  plants. 
D)  lichens. 
E)  ruminants. 
A)  frogs. 
B)  people. 
C)  plants. 
D)  lichens. 
E)  ruminants.

Question 20

Zygospores are formed when two haploid hyphae fuse.Zygospores are which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  haploid 
B)  asexual 
C)  diploid 
D)  sterile 
E)  dikaryotic 
A)  haploid 
B)  asexual 
C)  diploid 
D)  sterile 
E)  dikaryotic

Exam 20: Fungi

Molecular evidence places fungi closer to plants than to animals.

When a haploid spore germinates,it goes through mitosis,forming hyphae.The resulting hyphae would be which of the following?

About 80% of all land plants,including grasses,shrubs,and trees,form mycorrhizae.Mycorrhizae are which of the following?

Figuer: -Based on the structures of the spores of Neurospora crassa in this figure,in which phylum would it be found?

Which of the following is a correct statement?

Microscopic reproductive cells produced by most fungi are

Ascomycetes are fungi that cause disease and are not beneficial to humans in any way.

Sometimes if a person takes an antibiotic to treat a bacterial infection,the yeast Candida can grow out of control and cause a vaginal or intestinal infection.What is the best explanation for this observation?

A dikaryotic stage is common in the life cycle of many plants,protozoans,and fungi.

Unlike the plant cells,fungal cells lack which of the following?

The familiar growth form represented by edible mushrooms,as well as some poisonous mushrooms,is associated with the ______ phylum.

Fungi are classified into phyla based on which characteristic?

Figuer: -The organization of the spores would make Neurospora crassa useful for studying which biological process?

Why are lichens a good indicator of environmental quality?

The spore-producing structure of aggregated hyphae,as shown in the diagram below,is a

A disease-causing fungus found in bird droppings is called

The large reproductive structure shown,produced after meiosis in the fungal life cycle,is characteristically covered by a large,flat,shelf,conical,or puffball fruiting body in the phylum

Figuer: -In the figure,what was the dependent variable?

Chytridiomycetes produce enzymes that digest cellulose,chitin,and similar molecules.Because of this,they are found in the digestive tract of

Zygospores are formed when two haploid hyphae fuse.Zygospores are which of the following?

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Evidence of Evolution

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Reproduction and Development of Flowering Plants

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