Question 1

The outer main section of the kidney is the

Accepted Answer

A)  renal periphery. 
B)  renal medulla. 
C)  renal cortex. 
D)  glomerulus. 
E)  collecting duct. 
A)  renal periphery. 
B)  renal medulla. 
C)  renal cortex. 
D)  glomerulus. 
E)  collecting duct. C

Question 2

The functional unit of a kidney is a

Accepted Answer

A)  neuron. 
B)  glomerulus. 
C)  nephron. 
D)  collecting duct. 
E)  nexus. 
A)  neuron. 
B)  glomerulus. 
C)  nephron. 
D)  collecting duct. 
E)  nexus. C

Question 3

The process used to control the level of water and ions in body fluids is termed

Accepted Answer

A)  thermoregulation. 
B)  mechanoregulation. 
C)  chemoregulation. 
D)  hemoregulation. 
E)  osmoregulation. 
A)  thermoregulation. 
B)  mechanoregulation. 
C)  chemoregulation. 
D)  hemoregulation. 
E)  osmoregulation. E

Question 4

You are working with a patient who has been poisoned.You note elevated blood pressure,and tissue biopsies of the patient's liver show extra sodium channels in the kidney,so you suspect that the patient has been given

Accepted Answer

A)  epinephrine. 
B)  aldosterone. 
C)  follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). 
D)  insulin. 
E)  testosterone. 
A)  epinephrine. 
B)  aldosterone. 
C)  follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). 
D)  insulin. 
E)  testosterone.

Question 5

Dilation of blood vessels in extremities can help animals lose excess heat as part of thermoregulation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

If a drug had been banned for damaging the kidney by causing poor drainage of the glomerulus,you would suspect that the drug caused damage to

Accepted Answer

A)  the renal pelvis. 
B)  the pacinian corpuscle. 
C)  Bowman's capsule. 
D)  the renal vein. 
E)  the renal artery. 
A)  the renal pelvis. 
B)  the pacinian corpuscle. 
C)  Bowman's capsule. 
D)  the renal vein. 
E)  the renal artery.

Question 7

The hormone secreted by the posterior pituitary that causes the reabsorption of more water by the kidney is

Accepted Answer

A)  antidiuretic hormone (ADH). 
B)  follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). 
C)  growth hormone (GH). 
D)  luteinizing hormone (LH). 
E)  adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). 
A)  antidiuretic hormone (ADH). 
B)  follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). 
C)  growth hormone (GH). 
D)  luteinizing hormone (LH). 
E)  adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH).

Question 8

You have discovered a kind of bird which has adapted to become aquatic.What would you expect if it lives submerged in freshwater?

Accepted Answer

A)  The bird would take up water into its cells by osmosis. 
B)  The bird would visit land to eat salt. 
C)  The cells of the bird would absorb water by osmosis. 
D)  The bird's kidneys would face constant stress. 
E)  The bird would excrete urea. 
A)  The bird would take up water into its cells by osmosis. 
B)  The bird would visit land to eat salt. 
C)  The cells of the bird would absorb water by osmosis. 
D)  The bird's kidneys would face constant stress. 
E)  The bird would excrete urea.

Question 9

A tuft of capillaries within the kidney that is used to collect blood that needs to be filtered is the

Accepted Answer

A)  glomerulus. 
B)  collecting duct. 
C)  renal medulla. 
D)  renal cortex. 
E)  renal pelvis. 
A)  glomerulus. 
B)  collecting duct. 
C)  renal medulla. 
D)  renal cortex. 
E)  renal pelvis.

Question 10

Dialysis is a procedure in which a machine takes over the function of the

Accepted Answer

A)  liver. 
B)  pancreas. 
C)  hypothalamus. 
D)  urinary bladder. 
E)  kidney. 
A)  liver. 
B)  pancreas. 
C)  hypothalamus. 
D)  urinary bladder. 
E)  kidney.

Question 11

The major excretory organ of the human urinary system is the

Accepted Answer

A)  gall bladder. 
B)  pancreas. 
C)  liver. 
D)  adrenal gland. 
E)  kidney. 
A)  gall bladder. 
B)  pancreas. 
C)  liver. 
D)  adrenal gland. 
E)  kidney.

Question 12

An endotherm typically will have a karger nasal cavity than an ectotherm of equivalent mass.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

From the collecting duct,urine first goes to the ureter.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

If you were working with a patient and were told urine was blocked at the last step before exiting the body,you would try to find a technique or drug to unblock the

Accepted Answer

A)  uvula. 
B)  renal vein. 
C)  nephron. 
D)  urethra. 
E)  ureter. 
A)  uvula. 
B)  renal vein. 
C)  nephron. 
D)  urethra. 
E)  ureter.

Question 15

What effect would drinking salt water have in a human?

Accepted Answer

A)  dehydration as the extra salt pulls water out of the blood into the urine 
B)  dehydration as the extra salt pulls water out of the urine into the blood 
C)  increased hydration as the extra salt in the blood pulls water out of tissues 
D)  increased hydration as the extra salt in the urine pulls water out of tissues 
E)  dehydration as salt in the intestines pulls water out of the urine 
A)  dehydration as the extra salt pulls water out of the blood into the urine 
B)  dehydration as the extra salt pulls water out of the urine into the blood 
C)  increased hydration as the extra salt in the blood pulls water out of tissues 
D)  increased hydration as the extra salt in the urine pulls water out of tissues 
E)  dehydration as salt in the intestines pulls water out of the urine

Question 16

Figuer:  
-In this figure,the authors of the study looked for a correlation between which two variables?

Accepted Answer

A)  mass and nasal cross section. 
B)  mass and endothermy 
C)  being extinct and mass 
D)  mass and nasal cross section 
E)  presence of a turbinate and nasal cross section. 
A)  mass and nasal cross section. 
B)  mass and endothermy 
C)  being extinct and mass 
D)  mass and nasal cross section 
E)  presence of a turbinate and nasal cross section.

Question 17

One symptom of kidney failure can be the appearance of blood in the urine.This would indicate that which part of the kidney was damaged?

Accepted Answer

A)  proximal convoluted tubule 
B)  distal convoluted tubule 
C)  glomerulus 
D)  nephron 
E)  collecting duct 
A)  proximal convoluted tubule 
B)  distal convoluted tubule 
C)  glomerulus 
D)  nephron 
E)  collecting duct

Question 18

If,during a dissection,you were asked to place a pin in the part of the kidney containing the collecting duct,you would pin the

Accepted Answer

A)  renal periphery. 
B)  renal cortex. 
C)  glomerulus. 
D)  collecting duct. 
E)  renal medulla. 
A)  renal periphery. 
B)  renal cortex. 
C)  glomerulus. 
D)  collecting duct. 
E)  renal medulla.

Question 19

A diuretic is a substance that

Accepted Answer

A)  decreases the permeability of the tubules to water. 
B)  increases the volume of blood. 
C)  decreases the volume of water in the body. 
D)  increases the volume of urine. 
E)  increases the production of ADH. 
A)  decreases the permeability of the tubules to water. 
B)  increases the volume of blood. 
C)  decreases the volume of water in the body. 
D)  increases the volume of urine. 
E)  increases the production of ADH.

Question 20

Hyponatremia is a condition characterized by low sodium in the blood.This is a concern for marathon runners who drink too much water,and can cause life-threatening pressure on the brain.Why would this occur?

Accepted Answer

A)  Neurons would take up the sodium from the blood and not be able to polarize. 
B)  Neurons would be stimulated to all fire at once. 
C)  Neurons would swell by osmosis. 
D)  Neurons die in low levels of sodium. 
E)  Neurons cannot give the kidneys signals to reabsorb sodium ions. 
A)  Neurons would take up the sodium from the blood and not be able to polarize. 
B)  Neurons would be stimulated to all fire at once. 
C)  Neurons would swell by osmosis. 
D)  Neurons die in low levels of sodium. 
E)  Neurons cannot give the kidneys signals to reabsorb sodium ions.

Exam 33: Regulation of Temperature and Body Fluids

The outer main section of the kidney is the

The functional unit of a kidney is a

The process used to control the level of water and ions in body fluids is termed

You are working with a patient who has been poisoned.You note elevated blood pressure,and tissue biopsies of the patient's liver show extra sodium channels in the kidney,so you suspect that the patient has been given

Dilation of blood vessels in extremities can help animals lose excess heat as part of thermoregulation.

If a drug had been banned for damaging the kidney by causing poor drainage of the glomerulus,you would suspect that the drug caused damage to

The hormone secreted by the posterior pituitary that causes the reabsorption of more water by the kidney is

You have discovered a kind of bird which has adapted to become aquatic.What would you expect if it lives submerged in freshwater?

A tuft of capillaries within the kidney that is used to collect blood that needs to be filtered is the

Dialysis is a procedure in which a machine takes over the function of the

The major excretory organ of the human urinary system is the

An endotherm typically will have a karger nasal cavity than an ectotherm of equivalent mass.

From the collecting duct,urine first goes to the ureter.

If you were working with a patient and were told urine was blocked at the last step before exiting the body,you would try to find a technique or drug to unblock the

What effect would drinking salt water have in a human?

Figuer: -In this figure,the authors of the study looked for a correlation between which two variables?

One symptom of kidney failure can be the appearance of blood in the urine.This would indicate that which part of the kidney was damaged?

If,during a dissection,you were asked to place a pin in the part of the kidney containing the collecting duct,you would pin the

A diuretic is a substance that

Hyponatremia is a condition characterized by low sodium in the blood.This is a concern for marathon runners who drink too much water,and can cause life-threatening pressure on the brain.Why would this occur?

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