Exam 13: Carbohydrate Metabolism: Glycolysis, Gluconeogenesis, Glycogen Metabolism, and the Pentose Phosphate Pathway

Under conditions of strenuous exercise, gluconeogenesis occurs primarily in the _______ using _______ formed in the skeletal muscle

Fill in the missing two intermediates of glycolysis:

Which of the following enzymes is activated when acted on by phosphoprotein phosphatase 1?

In the mammalian liver, hexokinase IV is sequestered in _______ when glucose concentrations are low. When glucose concentrations are high, it is found in the cytosol bound to the enzyme ________.

With respect to carbons 1 and 2 of the intermediate in the conversion of glucose-6-phosphate to fructose-6-phosphate, which of the following would best describe this intermediate?

Which of the following pairs of phosphorylated molecules contains an intermediate of glycolysis with high phosphate transfer potential and one with low phosphate transfer potential?

Which isoform of hexokinase is found in the vertebrate liver?

During the energy investment phase of glycolysis, _____ reaction(s)use ATP as a substrate while during the energy generation phase, _____ reactions produce ATP as a product.

The conversion of ribulose-5-phosphate to xylulose-5-phosphate requires what enzyme?

For the interconversion of an aldose and ketose, show the intermediate of the reaction.

The conversion of 3-phosphoglycerate to phosphoenolpyruvate requires two reactions. Which of the following correctly identifies the types of reactions in the proper order of glycolysis?

Experiments that investigated the Pasteur effect showed that when oxygen is introduced to cells where glycolysis is occurring, all intermediates beginning with ________ become depleted due to inhibition of the enzyme _________.

In its non-phosphorylated state, glycogen phosphorylase can be activated by which of the following molecules?

If unregulated, which of the following pairs of enzymes would represent a futile cycle?

Which of the following is correctly paired with the glycolytic intermediate that serves as its precursor?

What is the initial step in the mechanism of fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase when the substrate is fructose-1,6-bisphosphate in its open-chain form?

Which of the following glycolytic reactions is freely reversible?

A transketolase enzyme transfers a _____ carbon fragment from a(n)________ to a(n)________.

Conversion of pyruvate to acetaldehyde requires _______ while conversion of acetaldehyde to ethanol requires _______.

When glucagon binds to receptors on mammalian liver cells, which of the following occurs due to enzyme phosphorylation?