Question 1

Choose the most appropriate letter for each.
-balanced polymorphism

Accepted Answer

A) a reference point that implies stability of gene frequencies through generations 
B) a hallmark is reproductive isolation from other groups 
C) the genes of an entire population 
D) the frequency of homozygous dominants in a population 
E) the frequencies of dominant and recessive alleles in a population
F)the frequency of heterozygotes in a population
G)the frequency of homozygous recessives in a population
H)selection that occurs in environments favorable to heterozygotes
I)results in pesticide-resistant pests 
A) a reference point that implies stability of gene frequencies through generations 
B) a hallmark is reproductive isolation from other groups 
C) the genes of an entire population 
D) the frequency of homozygous dominants in a population 
E) the frequencies of dominant and recessive alleles in a population
F)the frequency of heterozygotes in a population
G)the frequency of homozygous recessives in a population
H)selection that occurs in environments favorable to heterozygotes
I)results in pesticide-resistant pests H

Question 2

__________ selection favors intermediate forms of a trait where __________ selection favors extreme forms.

Accepted Answer

Stabilizing; disruptive

Question 3

Choose the most appropriate letter for each.
-p + q

Accepted Answer

A) a reference point that implies stability of gene frequencies through generations 
B) a hallmark is reproductive isolation from other groups 
C) the genes of an entire population 
D) the frequency of homozygous dominants in a population 
E) the frequencies of dominant and recessive alleles in a population
F)the frequency of heterozygotes in a population
G)the frequency of homozygous recessives in a population
H)selection that occurs in environments favorable to heterozygotes
I)results in pesticide-resistant pests 
A) a reference point that implies stability of gene frequencies through generations 
B) a hallmark is reproductive isolation from other groups 
C) the genes of an entire population 
D) the frequency of homozygous dominants in a population 
E) the frequencies of dominant and recessive alleles in a population
F)the frequency of heterozygotes in a population
G)the frequency of homozygous recessives in a population
H)selection that occurs in environments favorable to heterozygotes
I)results in pesticide-resistant pests E

Question 4

Which of the following Hardy-Weinberg principle is least characteristic of the human population?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mutations never occur. 
B)  The population is infinitely large. 
C)  The population is isolated from all other populations of the species. 
D)  Mating is generally random (no set of traits are consistently selected for/against in mating.) 
E)  Natural selection does not occur. 
A)  Mutations never occur. 
B)  The population is infinitely large. 
C)  The population is isolated from all other populations of the species. 
D)  Mating is generally random (no set of traits are consistently selected for/against in mating.) 
E)  Natural selection does not occur.

Question 5

For the following statements, select the best choice of the four evolutionary processes listed below.
-This process can rapidly offset the effects of genetic isolation when two populations come into secondary contact.

Accepted Answer

A) Mutation 
B) gene flow 
C) genetic drift 
D) natural selection 
A) Mutation 
B) gene flow 
C) genetic drift 
D) natural selection

Question 6

When the rodenticide warfarin was first introduced,rats were very susceptible to it.The development of resistance to warfarin by rats was the result of

Accepted Answer

A)  the development of other blood clotting factors. 
B)  natural selection of individuals that had a beneficial mutation. 
C)  the high biotic potential of rodents. 
D)  inheritance of acquired characteristics. 
E)  mutation induced by warfarin. 
A)  the development of other blood clotting factors. 
B)  natural selection of individuals that had a beneficial mutation. 
C)  the high biotic potential of rodents. 
D)  inheritance of acquired characteristics. 
E)  mutation induced by warfarin.

Question 7

Sexual dimorphism has arisen as a result of ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  stabilizing selection 
B)  heterozygote superiority 
C)  kin selection 
D)  sexual selection 
E)  directional selection 
A)  stabilizing selection 
B)  heterozygote superiority 
C)  kin selection 
D)  sexual selection 
E)  directional selection

Question 8

Prezygotic reproductive isolation can occur ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  during fertilization 
B)  during embryo development 
C)  during fetal development 
D)  after birth 
E)  during meiosis 
A)  during fertilization 
B)  during embryo development 
C)  during fetal development 
D)  after birth 
E)  during meiosis

Question 9

When reduction in population size is severe,it is known as _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  fixed 
B)  founder effect 
C)  adaptive radiation 
D)  bottleneck 
E)  gene flow 
A)  fixed 
B)  founder effect 
C)  adaptive radiation 
D)  bottleneck 
E)  gene flow

Question 10

Four of the following are characteristics of a species.Which one is the exception?

Accepted Answer

A)  They exist in one or more populations. 
B)  They produce fertile offspring. 
C)  They are reproductively isolated from other groups. 
D)  They are identical in appearance. 
E)  They interbreed. 
A)  They exist in one or more populations. 
B)  They produce fertile offspring. 
C)  They are reproductively isolated from other groups. 
D)  They are identical in appearance. 
E)  They interbreed.

Question 11

Figure 17.5
  
-As the trees in England become less sooty due to pollution controls on factories,which of the moths in the accompanying figure will be selected against?

Accepted Answer

A)  The dark moth on the dark tree 
B)  The light moth on the light tree 
C)  All of the light moths equally 
D)  The dark moth on the light tree 
E)  All of the dark moths equally 
A)  The dark moth on the dark tree 
B)  The light moth on the light tree 
C)  All of the light moths equally 
D)  The dark moth on the light tree 
E)  All of the dark moths equally

Question 12

Speciation occurs ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  after populations become reproductively isolated 
B)  when mutations generate observable differences 
C)  when transitional forms develop between different populations 
D)  when natural selection pressures reach their maximum 
E)  randomly as mutations build up in a population 
A)  after populations become reproductively isolated 
B)  when mutations generate observable differences 
C)  when transitional forms develop between different populations 
D)  when natural selection pressures reach their maximum 
E)  randomly as mutations build up in a population

Question 13

Adaptive radiation is demonstrated by ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  the dinosaurs going extinct 
B)  coelecanths remaining similar over hundreds of millions of years 
C)  the evolution of mammals after dinosaurs went extinct 
D)  rats and resistance to warfarin 
E)  warbler body mass and survival 
A)  the dinosaurs going extinct 
B)  coelecanths remaining similar over hundreds of millions of years 
C)  the evolution of mammals after dinosaurs went extinct 
D)  rats and resistance to warfarin 
E)  warbler body mass and survival

Question 14

If the frequency of expression of a recessive trait in a population is 16 percent,the frequency of the recessive allele is what percent?

Accepted Answer

A)  16 
B)  25 
C)  40 
D)  50 
E)  67 
A)  16 
B)  25 
C)  40 
D)  50 
E)  67

Question 15

Choose the most appropriate letter for each.
-directional selection

Accepted Answer

A) a reference point that implies stability of gene frequencies through generations 
B) a hallmark is reproductive isolation from other groups 
C) the genes of an entire population 
D) the frequency of homozygous dominants in a population 
E) the frequencies of dominant and recessive alleles in a population
F)the frequency of heterozygotes in a population
G)the frequency of homozygous recessives in a population
H)selection that occurs in environments favorable to heterozygotes
I)results in pesticide-resistant pests 
A) a reference point that implies stability of gene frequencies through generations 
B) a hallmark is reproductive isolation from other groups 
C) the genes of an entire population 
D) the frequency of homozygous dominants in a population 
E) the frequencies of dominant and recessive alleles in a population
F)the frequency of heterozygotes in a population
G)the frequency of homozygous recessives in a population
H)selection that occurs in environments favorable to heterozygotes
I)results in pesticide-resistant pests

Question 16

Allopatric speciation requires ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  accelerated gene flow 
B)  physical separation 
C)  physical diversity 
D)  behavioral diversity 
E)  sexual selection 
A)  accelerated gene flow 
B)  physical separation 
C)  physical diversity 
D)  behavioral diversity 
E)  sexual selection

Question 17

Choose the most appropriate letter for each.
-2pq

Accepted Answer

A) a reference point that implies stability of gene frequencies through generations 
B) a hallmark is reproductive isolation from other groups 
C) the genes of an entire population 
D) the frequency of homozygous dominants in a population 
E) the frequencies of dominant and recessive alleles in a population
F)the frequency of heterozygotes in a population
G)the frequency of homozygous recessives in a population
H)selection that occurs in environments favorable to heterozygotes
I)results in pesticide-resistant pests 
A) a reference point that implies stability of gene frequencies through generations 
B) a hallmark is reproductive isolation from other groups 
C) the genes of an entire population 
D) the frequency of homozygous dominants in a population 
E) the frequencies of dominant and recessive alleles in a population
F)the frequency of heterozygotes in a population
G)the frequency of homozygous recessives in a population
H)selection that occurs in environments favorable to heterozygotes
I)results in pesticide-resistant pests

Question 18

All of the following are sources of variation in the inherited traits of a population except:

Accepted Answer

A)  UV radiation 
B)  crossing over 
C)  independent assortment 
D)  sexual reproduction 
E)  mitosis 
A)  UV radiation 
B)  crossing over 
C)  independent assortment 
D)  sexual reproduction 
E)  mitosis

Question 19

Which of items below represents an example of exaptation?

Accepted Answer

A)  the use of feathers for flight 
B)  the development of lungs 
C)  antibacterial resistance 
D)  fragrances in flowers 
E)  coloration in peppered moths 
A)  the use of feathers for flight 
B)  the development of lungs 
C)  antibacterial resistance 
D)  fragrances in flowers 
E)  coloration in peppered moths

Question 20

What is the term for a group of organisms of the same species that occupies a specified area?

Accepted Answer

A)  Individuals 
B)  Species 
C)  Population 
D)  Polyploids 
E)  Tribe 
A)  Individuals 
B)  Species 
C)  Population 
D)  Polyploids 
E)  Tribe

Exam 17: Processes of Evolution

Choose the most appropriate letter for each. -balanced polymorphism

__________ selection favors intermediate forms of a trait where __________ selection favors extreme forms.

Choose the most appropriate letter for each. -p + q

Which of the following Hardy-Weinberg principle is least characteristic of the human population?

For the following statements, select the best choice of the four evolutionary processes listed below. -This process can rapidly offset the effects of genetic isolation when two populations come into secondary contact.

When the rodenticide warfarin was first introduced,rats were very susceptible to it.The development of resistance to warfarin by rats was the result of

Sexual dimorphism has arisen as a result of ____.

Prezygotic reproductive isolation can occur ____.

When reduction in population size is severe,it is known as _______.

Four of the following are characteristics of a species.Which one is the exception?

Figure 17.5 -As the trees in England become less sooty due to pollution controls on factories,which of the moths in the accompanying figure will be selected against?

Speciation occurs ____.

Adaptive radiation is demonstrated by ____.

If the frequency of expression of a recessive trait in a population is 16 percent,the frequency of the recessive allele is what percent?

Choose the most appropriate letter for each. -directional selection

Allopatric speciation requires ____.

Choose the most appropriate letter for each. -2pq

All of the following are sources of variation in the inherited traits of a population except:

Which of items below represents an example of exaptation?

What is the term for a group of organisms of the same species that occupies a specified area?

Invitation to Biology

Life's Chemical Bases

Molecules of Life

Cell Structure

Ground Rules of Metabolism

Where it Starts—Photosynthesis

How Cells Release Chemical Energy

DNA Structure and Function

From DNA to Protein

Control of Gene Expression

How Cells Reproduce

Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction

Observing Patterns in Inherited Traits

Chromosomes and Human Inheritance

Studying and Manipulating Genomes

Evidence of Evolution

Organizing Information about Species

Life's Origin and Early Evolution

Viruses, Bacteria, and Archaea

Protists: The Simplest Eukaryotes

The Land Plants

Fungi

Animal Evolution: The Invertebrates

Animal Evolution: The Chordates

Human Evolution

Plant Tissues

Plant Nutrition and Transport

Life Cycles of Flowering Plants

Communication Strategies in Plants

Animal Tissues and Organ Systems

Neural Control

Sensory Perception

Endocrine Control

Structural Support and Movement

Circulation

Immunity

Respiration

Digestion and Nutrition

Maintaining the Internal Environment

Animal Reproductive System

Animal Development

Animal Behavior

Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems

The Biosphere

Human Impacts on the Biosphere

Filters

selection favors intermediate forms of a trait where selection favors extreme forms.