Question 1

The absolute temperature of a gas is T. In order to double the rms speed of its molecules, what should be the new absolute temperature?

Accepted Answer

A)  4T 
B)  2T 
C)  T $\sqrt { 2 }$ 
D)  8T 
E)  16T 
A)  4T 
B)  2T 
C)  T $\sqrt { 2 }$ 
D)  8T 
E)  16T

Question 2

A 400-g stainless steel tea kettle containing 500 g of water is on the stove. The portion of the tea kettle that is in contact with the heating element has an area of 0.090 m2 and is 2.0 mm thick. At a certain moment, the temperature of the water is 75°C, and it is rising at the rate of 3.0 C° per minute. What is the difference in temperature between the inside and the outside of the bottom of the tea kettle? Assume that the inner surface of the kettle is at the same temperature as the water inside. The thermal conductivity of stainless steel is 16.3 W/m ∙ K, the specific heat of the steel is 448 J/kg ∙ K, and the specific heat of water is 4186 J/kg . K.

Accepted Answer

A)  2.2 C° 
B)  1.5 C° 
C)  1.1 C° 
D)  0.50 C° 
E)  0.15 C° 
A)  2.2 C° 
B)  1.5 C° 
C)  1.1 C° 
D)  0.50 C° 
E)  0.15 C°

Question 3

An ideal gas is compressed isothermally to one-third of its initial volume. The resulting pressure will be

Accepted Answer

A)  three times as large as the initial value. 
B)  less than three times as large as the initial value. 
C)  more than three times as large as the initial value. 
D)  equal to the initial value. 
E)  impossible to predict on the basis of this data. 
A)  three times as large as the initial value. 
B)  less than three times as large as the initial value. 
C)  more than three times as large as the initial value. 
D)  equal to the initial value. 
E)  impossible to predict on the basis of this data.

Question 4

The coefficient of linear expansion of aluminum is 24 × 10-6 K-1 and the coefficient of volume expansion of olive oil is 0.68 × 10-3 K-1. A novice cook, in preparation of some pesto, fills a 1.00-L aluminum pot to the brim and heats the oil and the pot from an initial temperature of 15°C to 190°C. To his consternation some olive oil spills over the top. How much?

Accepted Answer

A)  0.11 L 
B)  0.12 L 
C)  0.13 L 
D)  0.14 L 
E)  0.15 L 
A)  0.11 L 
B)  0.12 L 
C)  0.13 L 
D)  0.14 L 
E)  0.15 L

Question 5

What is the net power that a person with surface area of 1.20 m2 radiates if his emissivity is 0.895, his skin temperature is 27°C, and he is in a room that is at a temperature of 17°C? (σ = 5.67 × 10-8 W/m2 ∙ K4)

Accepted Answer

A)  60.3 W 
B)  62.6 W 
C)  65.7 W 
D)  68.4 W 
E)  64.8 W 
A)  60.3 W 
B)  62.6 W 
C)  65.7 W 
D)  68.4 W 
E)  64.8 W

Question 6

A quantity of mercury occupies 400.0 cm3 at 0°C. What volume will it occupy when heated to 50°C? Mercury has a volume expansion coefficient of 180 × 10-6 K-1.

Accepted Answer

A)  450 cm3 
B)  409.7 cm3 
C)  403.6 cm3 
D)  401.8 cm3 
A)  450 cm3 
B)  409.7 cm3 
C)  403.6 cm3 
D)  401.8 cm3

Question 7

Some properties of a certain glass are listed here: Density 2300 kg/m3
Specific heat capacity 840 J/kg ∙ C°
Coefficient of thermal expansion 8.5 × 10-6 (C°)-1
Thermal conductivity 0.80 W/m ∙ C°
A glass window pane is 2.7 m high, 2.4 m wide, and 9.0 mm thick. The temperature at the inner surface of the glass is $19 ^ { \circ } \mathrm { C }$ and at the outer surface 4°C. How much heat is lost each hour through the window?

Accepted Answer

A)  3.1 × 107 J 
B)  3.1 × 104 J 
C)  8.6 × 103 J 
D)  8.6 J 
E)  3.1 × 105 J 
A)  3.1 × 107 J 
B)  3.1 × 104 J 
C)  8.6 × 103 J 
D)  8.6 J 
E)  3.1 × 105 J

Question 8

In an experiment to measure the thermal conductivity of a certain material, a slab of material 10.0 mm thick separates a steam chamber from a block of ice with a square cross-section with dimensions 8.00 cm × 8.00 cm. After 5.00 min of running the experiment, 64.0 g of ice have melted. What is the thermal conductivity of this material? The latent heat of fusion of water is 33.5 × 104 J/kg, the latent heat of vaporization of water is 2.256 × 106 J/kg, and both the ice and water are under 1.00 atm of pressure.

Accepted Answer

A)  0.130 W/m ∙ K 
B)  0.250 W/m ∙ K 
C)  0.440 W/m ∙ K 
D)  0.620 W/m ∙ K 
E)  1.12 W/m ∙ K 
A)  0.130 W/m ∙ K 
B)  0.250 W/m ∙ K 
C)  0.440 W/m ∙ K 
D)  0.620 W/m ∙ K 
E)  1.12 W/m ∙ K

Question 9

A metal has a latent heat of fusion of 2.32 × 104 J/kg, a specific heat of 128 J/kg ∙ K, and a melting point of 228°C. A 30-g pellet of this metal at 16°C hits a solid wall and comes to a complete stop. What would the speed of the pellet have to be in order for it to melt completely when it hits the wall, assuming that all of its kinetic energy is transformed into heat within the pellet?

Accepted Answer

A)  207 m/s 
B)  215 m/s 
C)  232 m/s 
D)  273 m/s 
E)  317 m/s 
A)  207 m/s 
B)  215 m/s 
C)  232 m/s 
D)  273 m/s 
E)  317 m/s

Question 10

A sealed container holds 0.020 moles of ideal nitrogen (N2) gas, at a pressure of 1.5 atm and a temperature of 290 K. The atomic mass of nitrogen is 14.0 g/mol. How many molecules of nitrogen are in the container? (R = 8.31 J/mol ∙ K, 1 atm = 101 kPa)

Accepted Answer

A)  1.5 × 1021 mol 
B)  3.0 × 1021 mol 
C)  6.0 × 1021 mol 
D)  1.2 × 1022 mol 
E)  2.4 × 1022 mol 
A)  1.5 × 1021 mol 
B)  3.0 × 1021 mol 
C)  6.0 × 1021 mol 
D)  1.2 × 1022 mol 
E)  2.4 × 1022 mol

Question 11

The process in which heat flows by the mass movement of molecules from one place to another is known as

Accepted Answer

A)  conduction. 
B)  convection. 
C)  radiation. 
A)  conduction. 
B)  convection. 
C)  radiation.

Question 12

A 4.0-kg aluminum block is originally at 10°C. If 160 kJ of heat is added to the block, what is its final temperature? The specific heat capacity of aluminum is 910 J/kg ∙ K.

Accepted Answer

A)  24°C 
B)  34°C 
C)  44°C 
D)  54°C 
A)  24°C 
B)  34°C 
C)  44°C 
D)  54°C

Question 13

The temperature of an ideal gas in a sealed rigid 0.20- $m ^ { 3 }$ container is reduced from 360 K to $270 \mathrm {~K} \text {, }$ and the final pressure of the gas is $40 \mathrm { kPA } .$ How much work is done by the gas during this process? (R = 8.31 J/mol ∙ K)

Accepted Answer

A)  0 kJ 
B)  -9.0 kJ 
C)  -12 kJ 
D)  9.0 kJ 
E)  12 kJ 
A)  0 kJ 
B)  -9.0 kJ 
C)  -12 kJ 
D)  9.0 kJ 
E)  12 kJ

Question 14

Object 1 has three times the specific heat capacity and four times the mass of Object 2. The two objects are heated from the same initial temperature, T0, to the same final temperature Tf. During this process, if Object 1 absorbs heat Q, the amount of heat absorbed by Object 2 will be

Accepted Answer

A)  12Q. 
B)  6Q. 
C)  $\frac { 3 } { 4 }$ Q. 
D)  $\frac { 4 } { 3 }$ Q. 
E)  $\frac { 1 } { 12 }$ Q. 
A)  12Q. 
B)  6Q. 
C)  $\frac { 3 } { 4 }$ Q. 
D)  $\frac { 4 } { 3 }$ Q. 
E)  $\frac { 1 } { 12 }$ Q.

Question 15

The process shown on the TV graph in the figure is an

Accepted Answer

A)  adiabatic compression. 
B)  isothermal compression. 
C)  isochoric compression. 
D)  isobaric compression. 
A)  adiabatic compression. 
B)  isothermal compression. 
C)  isochoric compression. 
D)  isobaric compression.

Question 16

A 20.0-L pressure vessel holds 2.00 mol of oxygen at 30°C. What is the pressure inside the vessel? (R = 8.31 J/mol ∙ K)

Accepted Answer

A)  101 Pa 
B)  101 kPa 
C)  1.01 MPa 
D)  2.52 MPa 
E)  252 kPa 
A)  101 Pa 
B)  101 kPa 
C)  1.01 MPa 
D)  2.52 MPa 
E)  252 kPa

Question 17

By what length will a slab of concrete that is originally 18 m long contract when the temperature drops from 24°C to -16°C? The coefficient of linear thermal expansion for this concrete is 1.0 × 10-5 K-1.

Accepted Answer

A)  0.50 cm 
B)  0.72 cm 
C)  1.2 cm 
D)  1.5 cm 
A)  0.50 cm 
B)  0.72 cm 
C)  1.2 cm 
D)  1.5 cm

Question 18

In grinding a steel knife, the metal can get as hot as 400°C. If the blade has a mass of 80 g, what is the minimum amount of water needed at 20°C if the water is to remain liquid and not rise above 100°C when the hot blade is quenched in it? The specific heat of the steel is 0.11 cal/g ∙ C° and the specific heat of water is 1.0 cal/g ∙ C°.

Accepted Answer

A)  22 g 
B)  33 g 
C)  44 g 
D)  55 g 
A)  22 g 
B)  33 g 
C)  44 g 
D)  55 g

Question 19

A thermally isolated system is made up of a hot piece of aluminum and a cold piece of copper, with the aluminum and the copper in thermal contact. The specific heat capacity of aluminum is more than double that of copper. Which object experiences the greater temperature change during the time the system takes to reach thermal equilibrium?

Accepted Answer

A)  the copper 
B)  the aluminum 
C)  Neither one; both of them experience the same size temperature change. 
D)  It is impossible to tell without knowing the masses. 
E)  It is impossible to tell without knowing the volumes. 
A)  the copper 
B)  the aluminum 
C)  Neither one; both of them experience the same size temperature change. 
D)  It is impossible to tell without knowing the masses. 
E)  It is impossible to tell without knowing the volumes.

Question 20

A rod, with sides insulated to prevent heat loss, has one end immersed in boiling water at 100°C and the other end in a water-ice mixture at 0°C. The rod has uniform cross-sectional area $7.05 \mathrm {~cm} ^ { 2 }$ and length $87 \mathrm {~cm} .$ The heat conducted by the rod melts the ice at a rate of 1.0 g every 11 seconds. What is the thermal conductivity of the rod? Recall that the heat of fusion of water is 3.34 × 105 J/kg.

Accepted Answer

Exam 12: Thermal Properties of Matter

The absolute temperature of a gas is T. In order to double the rms speed of its molecules, what should be the new absolute temperature?

An ideal gas is compressed isothermally to one-third of its initial volume. The resulting pressure will be

What is the net power that a person with surface area of 1.20 m2 radiates if his emissivity is 0.895, his skin temperature is 27°C, and he is in a room that is at a temperature of 17°C? (σ = 5.67 × 10-8 W/m2 ∙ K4)

A quantity of mercury occupies 400.0 cm3 at 0°C. What volume will it occupy when heated to 50°C? Mercury has a volume expansion coefficient of 180 × 10-6 K-1.

A sealed container holds 0.020 moles of ideal nitrogen (N2) gas, at a pressure of 1.5 atm and a temperature of 290 K. The atomic mass of nitrogen is 14.0 g/mol. How many molecules of nitrogen are in the container? (R = 8.31 J/mol ∙ K, 1 atm = 101 kPa)

The process in which heat flows by the mass movement of molecules from one place to another is known as

A 4.0-kg aluminum block is originally at 10°C. If 160 kJ of heat is added to the block, what is its final temperature? The specific heat capacity of aluminum is 910 J/kg ∙ K.

The temperature of an ideal gas in a sealed rigid 0.20- m3m ^ { 3 }m3 container is reduced from 360 K to 270 K, 270 \mathrm {~K} \text {, }270 K, and the final pressure of the gas is 40kPA.40 \mathrm { kPA } .40kPA. How much work is done by the gas during this process? (R = 8.31 J/mol ∙ K)

Object 1 has three times the specific heat capacity and four times the mass of Object 2. The two objects are heated from the same initial temperature, T0, to the same final temperature Tf. During this process, if Object 1 absorbs heat Q, the amount of heat absorbed by Object 2 will be

The process shown on the TV graph in the figure is an

A 20.0-L pressure vessel holds 2.00 mol of oxygen at 30°C. What is the pressure inside the vessel? (R = 8.31 J/mol ∙ K)

By what length will a slab of concrete that is originally 18 m long contract when the temperature drops from 24°C to -16°C? The coefficient of linear thermal expansion for this concrete is 1.0 × 10-5 K-1.

Representing Motion

Motion in One Dimension

Vectors and Motion in Two Dimensions

Forces and Newtons Laws of Motion

Applying Newtons Laws

Gravity

Rotational Motion

Equilibrium Ad Elasticity

Momentum

Energy and Work

Using Energy

Fluids

Oscillations

Traveling Waves and Sound

Superposition and Standing Waves

Wave Optics

Ray Optics

Optical Instruments

Electric Fields and Forces

Electric Potential

Current and Resistance

Circuits

Magnetic Fields and Forces

EM Induction and Em Waves

AC Electricity

Relativity

Quantum Physics

Atoms and Molecules

Nuclear Physics

Filters

What is the net power that a person with surface area of 1.20 m² radiates if his emissivity is 0.895, his skin temperature is 27°C, and he is in a room that is at a temperature of 17°C? (σ = 5.67 × 10^-8 W/m² ∙ K⁴)

A quantity of mercury occupies 400.0 cm³ at 0°C. What volume will it occupy when heated to 50°C? Mercury has a volume expansion coefficient of 180 × 10^-6 K^-1.

A sealed container holds 0.020 moles of ideal nitrogen (N₂) gas, at a pressure of 1.5 atm and a temperature of 290 K. The atomic mass of nitrogen is 14.0 g/mol. How many molecules of nitrogen are in the container? (R = 8.31 J/mol ∙ K, 1 atm = 101 kPa)

The temperature of an ideal gas in a sealed rigid 0.20- $m ^ { 3 }$ container is reduced from 360 K to $270 \mathrm {~K} \text {, }$ and the final pressure of the gas is $40 \mathrm { kPA } .$ How much work is done by the gas during this process? (R = 8.31 J/mol ∙ K)

Object 1 has three times the specific heat capacity and four times the mass of Object 2. The two objects are heated from the same initial temperature, T₀, to the same final temperature T_f. During this process, if Object 1 absorbs heat Q, the amount of heat absorbed by Object 2 will be

By what length will a slab of concrete that is originally 18 m long contract when the temperature drops from 24°C to -16°C? The coefficient of linear thermal expansion for this concrete is 1.0 × 10^-5 K^-1.