Exam 10: Bonding and Molecular Structure: Orbital Hybridization and Molecular Orbitals

Which of the following concerning $\sigma$ and $\pi$ bonds is/are correct? 1)A sigma bond may be formed from the sideways overlap of two parallel p orbitals. 2)No more than two pi bonds are possible between adjacent carbon atoms. 3)The considerable energy required to rotate pi bonded atoms is the primary reason for geometrical isomerism in some pi bonded molecules.

What is the hybridization of the nitrogen atom?

Which molecule will have the following valence molecular orbital energy level diagram?

Diagram 9-1 The molecular orbital diagram below may be used for the following problem(s).For oxygen and fluorine,the $\sigma$ _2p orbital should be lower in energy than the $\pi$ _2p orbitals.However,the diagram will still yield correct bond order and magnetic behavior for these molecules. -Refer to Diagram 9-1.Assuming that the molecular orbital energy diagram for a homonuclear diatomic molecule applies to a heteronuclear diatomic molecule,determine which of the following species has the highest bond order.

Diagram 9-1 The molecular orbital diagram below may be used for the following problem(s).For oxygen and fluorine,the $\sigma$ _2p orbital should be lower in energy than the $\pi$ _2p orbitals.However,the diagram will still yield correct bond order and magnetic behavior for these molecules. -Refer to Diagram 9-1.According to molecular orbital theory,what is the bond order of C₂⁺?

What is the hybridization of the central nitrogen atom in N₂O?

Diagram 9-1 The molecular orbital diagram below may be used for the following problem(s).For oxygen and fluorine,the $\sigma$ _2p orbital should be lower in energy than the $\pi$ _2p orbitals.However,the diagram will still yield correct bond order and magnetic behavior for these molecules. -Refer to Diagram 9-1.According to molecular orbital theory,which of the following lists ranks the fluorine species in terms of increasing bond order?

Which of the underlined atoms (C₁,C₂,N,and O)are sp hybridized?

Diagram 9-1 The molecular orbital diagram below may be used for the following problem(s).For oxygen and fluorine,the $\sigma$ _2p orbital should be lower in energy than the $\pi$ _2p orbitals.However,the diagram will still yield correct bond order and magnetic behavior for these molecules. -Refer to Diagram 9-1.According to molecular orbital theory,which of the following species will have only $\underline{\text{ one }}$ unpaired electron?

Diagram 9-1 The molecular orbital diagram below may be used for the following problem(s).For oxygen and fluorine,the $\sigma$ _2p orbital should be lower in energy than the $\pi$ _2p orbitals.However,the diagram will still yield correct bond order and magnetic behavior for these molecules. -Refer to Diagram 9-1.According to molecular orbital theory,what is the bond order of Li₂²⁺?

The electron configuration of a particular diatomic species is: [core electrons]( $\sigma$ _2s)²( $\sigma$ *_2s)²( $\sigma$ _2p)²( $\pi$ _2p)²( $\pi$ *_2p)⁰ What is the bond order for this species?

Diagram 9-1 The molecular orbital diagram below may be used for the following problem(s).For oxygen and fluorine,the $\sigma$ _2p orbital should be lower in energy than the $\pi$ _2p orbitals.However,the diagram will still yield correct bond order and magnetic behavior for these molecules. -Refer to Diagram 9-1.Assuming that the molecular orbital energy diagram for a homonuclear diatomic molecule applies to a heteronuclear diatomic molecule,determine which of the following species is paramagnetic.

Diagram 9-1 The molecular orbital diagram below may be used for the following problem(s).For oxygen and fluorine,the $\sigma$ _2p orbital should be lower in energy than the $\pi$ _2p orbitals.However,the diagram will still yield correct bond order and magnetic behavior for these molecules. -Refer to Diagram 9-1.According to molecular orbital theory,which of the following species will have the $\underline{\text{ lowest }}$ bond order?

Diagram 9-1 The molecular orbital diagram below may be used for the following problem(s).For oxygen and fluorine,the $\sigma$ _2p orbital should be lower in energy than the $\pi$ _2p orbitals.However,the diagram will still yield correct bond order and magnetic behavior for these molecules. -Refer to Diagram 9-1.Consider the molecules B₂,C₂,N₂ and F₂.Which two molecules have the same bond order?

If 10 orbitals on one atom overlap 10 orbitals on a second atom,how many molecular orbitals will form?

Which of the following hybridized atoms is not possible?

Ammonia reacts with oxygen and water to produce nitric acid.What change in hybridization of the nitrogen atom occurs in this reaction?

Dichloromethane,CH₂Cl₂,is a common organic solvent.Which of the following statements concerning dichloromethane is/are CORRECT? 1)CH₂Cl₂ has two isomers.For one isomer of CH₂Cl₂,the chlorine atoms are adjacent to each other and the molecule is polar. 2)CH₂Cl₂ has two isomers.For one isomer of CH₂Cl₂,the chlorine atoms are on opposites sides of the carbon atom and the molecule is nonpolar. 3)The hybridization of the central carbon atom is sp³.

In valence bond theory,each sigma bond in CH₄ is formed from the overlap of a hydrogen atom's 1s orbital with a(n)________ hybridized orbital on the carbon atom.

Which of the following statements concerning hybrid orbitals is/are CORRECT? 1)The number of hybrid orbitals equals the number of atomic orbitals that are used to create the hybrids. 2)When atomic orbitals are hybridized,the s orbital and at least one p orbital are always hybridized. 3)To create tetrahedral structures,the s orbital and all three p orbitals must be hybridized.