Question 1

Which of the following Big Five trait dimensions is most descriptive of an individual who is organized and disciplined in managing his or her work?

Accepted Answer

A)  extraversion 
B)  agreeableness 
C)  conscientiousness 
D)  openness 
A)  extraversion 
B)  agreeableness 
C)  conscientiousness 
D)  openness C

Question 2

Catherine has a nice apartment in a gated community and has finances to provide for her basic physiological needs.She currently is in a happy romantic relationship and seems to have high self-esteem.She is also expected to graduate from college next semester and has been offered a position at her ideal location.According to Maslow,Catherine is now ready to seek

Accepted Answer

A)  self-actualization. 
B)  self-transcendence. 
C)  unconditional positive regard. 
D)  individualism. 
A)  self-actualization. 
B)  self-transcendence. 
C)  unconditional positive regard. 
D)  individualism. B

Question 3

Which statement is true regarding birth order and personality?

Accepted Answer

A)  First-born children are more conscientious and agreeable. 
B)  Middle children are more extraverted than first-born children. 
C)  Last-born children are more open and neurotic. 
D)  Research has not found any association between birth order and personality. 
A)  First-born children are more conscientious and agreeable. 
B)  Middle children are more extraverted than first-born children. 
C)  Last-born children are more open and neurotic. 
D)  Research has not found any association between birth order and personality. D

Question 4

Psychologists assess a wide range of emotional and behavioral traits by means of

Accepted Answer

A)  unconditional positive regard. 
B)  projective tests. 
C)  personality inventories. 
D)  the spotlight effect. 
A)  unconditional positive regard. 
B)  projective tests. 
C)  personality inventories. 
D)  the spotlight effect.

Question 5

People's scores on personality tests often fail to predict their behavior in a real-life situation.This should make us more cautious about overemphasizing the impact of ________ on behavior.

Accepted Answer

A)  traits 
B)  factor analysis 
C)  unconditional positive regard 
D)  self-actualization 
A)  traits 
B)  factor analysis 
C)  unconditional positive regard 
D)  self-actualization

Question 6

The stability of personality during adulthood best illustrates the value of

Accepted Answer

A)  a hierarchy of needs. 
B)  a positive self-concept. 
C)  factor analysis. 
D)  trait theories. 
A)  a hierarchy of needs. 
B)  a positive self-concept. 
C)  factor analysis. 
D)  trait theories.

Question 7

________ laid the groundwork for positive psychology.

Accepted Answer

A)  Humanistic psychology 
B)  Trait theorists 
C)  Behaviorism 
D)  Sigmund Freud 
A)  Humanistic psychology 
B)  Trait theorists 
C)  Behaviorism 
D)  Sigmund Freud

Question 8

Over the last few years,Mr.Helmus has been obsessed with bizarre thoughts and has become increasingly agitated and socially withdrawn.Which of the following would be most helpful for assessing the nature and severity of his symptoms?

Accepted Answer

A)  the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator 
B)  the Eysenck Personality Inventory 
C)  an MRI 
D)  the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory 
A)  the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator 
B)  the Eysenck Personality Inventory 
C)  an MRI 
D)  the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory

Question 9

Dominick is withdrawn and very quiet when he is with others because he fears being judged.Dominick's behavior illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)  extraversion. 
B)  introversion. 
C)  shyness. 
D)  agreeableness. 
A)  extraversion. 
B)  introversion. 
C)  shyness. 
D)  agreeableness.

Question 10

Critics have most frequently objected to the emphasis on individualism offered by the

Accepted Answer

A)  trait perspective. 
B)  humanistic perspective. 
C)  psychodynamic perspective. 
D)  social-cognitive perspective. 
A)  trait perspective. 
B)  humanistic perspective. 
C)  psychodynamic perspective. 
D)  social-cognitive perspective.

Question 11

Self-actualized people,as described by Maslow,are LEAST likely to

Accepted Answer

A)  have heritable traits. 
B)  report peak experiences. 
C)  be self-centered in their needs. 
D)  have a strong sense of identity. 
A)  have heritable traits. 
B)  report peak experiences. 
C)  be self-centered in their needs. 
D)  have a strong sense of identity.

Question 12

Dr.Lopez is a therapist who shares and mirrors his clients' feelings and reflects their meanings so that they can understand their problems.Dr.Lopez is utilizing ________ in his practice.

Accepted Answer

A)  individualism 
B)  denial 
C)  empathy 
D)  self-transcendence 
A)  individualism 
B)  denial 
C)  empathy 
D)  self-transcendence

Question 13

To assess personal growth during therapy,Carl Rogers looked for

Accepted Answer

A)  higher ratings of the person's ideal self. 
B)  higher ratings of the person's actual self. 
C)  successively different ratings of the actual and ideal selves. 
D)  successively closer ratings of the actual and ideal selves. 
A)  higher ratings of the person's ideal self. 
B)  higher ratings of the person's actual self. 
C)  successively different ratings of the actual and ideal selves. 
D)  successively closer ratings of the actual and ideal selves.

Question 14

Some modern personality researchers believe our identity may be helpfully revealed using ________,which involves collecting a rich narrative detailing our unique life history.

Accepted Answer

A)  psychoanalysis 
B)  schemas 
C)  the life story approach 
D)  the Thematic Apperception Test 
A)  psychoanalysis 
B)  schemas 
C)  the life story approach 
D)  the Thematic Apperception Test

Question 15

Being sociable and fun-loving is most closely related to the Big Five trait dimension of

Accepted Answer

A)  openness. 
B)  conscientiousness. 
C)  extraversion. 
D)  emotional stability. 
A)  openness. 
B)  conscientiousness. 
C)  extraversion. 
D)  emotional stability.

Question 16

According to Carl Rogers,people nurture our growth by being genuine,accepting,and

Accepted Answer

A)  conscientious. 
B)  consistent. 
C)  extraverted. 
D)  empathic. 
A)  conscientious. 
B)  consistent. 
C)  extraverted. 
D)  empathic.

Question 17

To say that a test was empirically derived means that

Accepted Answer

A)  it was created by selecting from a pool of items those that discriminate between groups. 
B)  it contains longer questions,covering a wide range of feelings and behaviors.. 
C)  it is used to assess selected personality traits. 
D)  it identifies clusters of test items that tap basic trait components. 
A)  it was created by selecting from a pool of items those that discriminate between groups. 
B)  it contains longer questions,covering a wide range of feelings and behaviors.. 
C)  it is used to assess selected personality traits. 
D)  it identifies clusters of test items that tap basic trait components.

Question 18

A highly anxious and insecure personality illustrates the Big Five trait dimension of

Accepted Answer

A)  agreeableness. 
B)  openness. 
C)  extraversion. 
D)  neuroticism. 
A)  agreeableness. 
B)  openness. 
C)  extraversion. 
D)  neuroticism.

Question 19

Evidence of the impact of biology on personality traits includes the fact that

Accepted Answer

A)  extraverts seek stimulation because their normal brain arousal is relatively low. 
B)  extraverts seek stimulation because their normal brain arousal is relatively high. 
C)  introverts seek stimulation because their normal brain arousal is relatively low. 
D)  introverts seek stimulation because their normal brain arousal is relatively high. 
A)  extraverts seek stimulation because their normal brain arousal is relatively low. 
B)  extraverts seek stimulation because their normal brain arousal is relatively high. 
C)  introverts seek stimulation because their normal brain arousal is relatively low. 
D)  introverts seek stimulation because their normal brain arousal is relatively high.

Question 20

Carl Rogers suggested that those who fall far short of their ideal self experience

Accepted Answer

A)  individualism. 
B)  a negative self-concept. 
C)  self-transcendence. 
D)  introversion. 
A)  individualism. 
B)  a negative self-concept. 
C)  self-transcendence. 
D)  introversion.

Exam 46: Contemporary Research on Personality

Which of the following Big Five trait dimensions is most descriptive of an individual who is organized and disciplined in managing his or her work?

Which statement is true regarding birth order and personality?

Psychologists assess a wide range of emotional and behavioral traits by means of

People's scores on personality tests often fail to predict their behavior in a real-life situation.This should make us more cautious about overemphasizing the impact of ________ on behavior.

The stability of personality during adulthood best illustrates the value of

________ laid the groundwork for positive psychology.

Over the last few years,Mr.Helmus has been obsessed with bizarre thoughts and has become increasingly agitated and socially withdrawn.Which of the following would be most helpful for assessing the nature and severity of his symptoms?

Dominick is withdrawn and very quiet when he is with others because he fears being judged.Dominick's behavior illustrates

Critics have most frequently objected to the emphasis on individualism offered by the

Self-actualized people,as described by Maslow,are LEAST likely to

Dr.Lopez is a therapist who shares and mirrors his clients' feelings and reflects their meanings so that they can understand their problems.Dr.Lopez is utilizing ________ in his practice.

To assess personal growth during therapy,Carl Rogers looked for

Some modern personality researchers believe our identity may be helpfully revealed using ________,which involves collecting a rich narrative detailing our unique life history.

Being sociable and fun-loving is most closely related to the Big Five trait dimension of

According to Carl Rogers,people nurture our growth by being genuine,accepting,and

To say that a test was empirically derived means that

A highly anxious and insecure personality illustrates the Big Five trait dimension of

Evidence of the impact of biology on personality traits includes the fact that

Carl Rogers suggested that those who fall far short of their ideal self experience

The History and Scope of Psychology

Thinking Critically with Psychological Science

Research Strategies: How Psychologists Ask and Answer Questions

Neural and Hormonal Systems

The Brain

Behavior Genetics and Evolutionary Psychology

Environmental Influences on Behavior, and Reflections on Nature and Nurture

Prenatal Development and the Newborn

Infancy and Childhood

Adolescence

Adulthood, and Reflections on Developmental Issues

Introduction to Sensation and Perception

Vision

Hearing

Other Senses

Perceptual Organization

Perceptual Interpretation

Waking and Sleeping Rhythms

Hypnosis

Drugs and Consciousness

Classical Conditioning

Operant Conditioning

Learning by Observation

Introduction to Memory

Encoding: Getting Information In

Storage: Retaining Information

Retrieval: Getting Information Out

Forgetting, Memory Construction, and Applying Memory Principles to Your Own Education

Thinking

Language and Thought

Introduction to Intelligence

Assessing Intelligence

Genetic and Environmental Influences on Intelligence

Introduction to Motivation

Hunger

Sexual Motivation and the Need to Belong

Motivation at Work

Introduction to Emotion

Experienced Emotion

Expressed Emotion

Stress and Illness

Coping With Stress

Modifying Illness-Related Behaviors

Psychoanalytic Perspective

Humanistic Perspective

Introduction to Psychological Disorders

Anxiety Disorders

Dissociative and Personality Disorders

Mood Disorders

Schizophrenia

The Psychological Therapies

Evaluating Psychotherapies

The Biomedical Therapies

Social Thinking

Appendix

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