Question 1

Zack and Adrien are brothers.Zack is older and is about 2 inches taller than Adrien.What could be a possible explanation for their height difference?

Accepted Answer

A)  The brothers have experienced different parenting styles from their mother. 
B)  Adrien received better care as an infant than Zack. 
C)  Zack received better care as an infant than Adrien. 
D)  Their differences in height are probably related to their differing genes. 
A)  The brothers have experienced different parenting styles from their mother. 
B)  Adrien received better care as an infant than Zack. 
C)  Zack received better care as an infant than Adrien. 
D)  Their differences in height are probably related to their differing genes. D

Question 2

For every three sets of identical twins,one pair is likely to have

Accepted Answer

A)  two different genomes. 
B)  two separate placentas. 
C)  an extra set of chromosomes. 
D)  only one sex chromosome. 
A)  two different genomes. 
B)  two separate placentas. 
C)  an extra set of chromosomes. 
D)  only one sex chromosome. B

Question 3

Mr.Firkin is a shy and reserved person who often feels tense and nervous.In therapy,he recalled that he had an unhappy childhood,feeling that he did not receive enough attention from his mother and resenting the conservative family discipline and lifestyle enforced by his father.He blames both parents for his current anxiety,unhappiness,and loneliness.In light of your understanding of the interactive influences of nature and nurture,explain why Mr.Firkin's complaints about his parents may be somewhat unfair and unhelpful.

Accepted Answer

no answer

Question 4

The complete set of genetic instructions in an organism's chromosomes is called the

Accepted Answer

A)  heritability index. 
B)  DNA molecule. 
C)  genome. 
D)  epigenetic mark. 
A)  heritability index. 
B)  DNA molecule. 
C)  genome. 
D)  epigenetic mark.

Question 5

Adoptive parents are most likely to influence the ________ of their adopted children.

Accepted Answer

A)  political attitudes 
B)  genome 
C)  extraversion 
D)  temperament 
A)  political attitudes 
B)  genome 
C)  extraversion 
D)  temperament

Question 6

Twins who develop from separate fertilized eggs are called ________ twins.

Accepted Answer

A)  epigenetic 
B)  monozygotic 
C)  identical 
D)  fraternal 
A)  epigenetic 
B)  monozygotic 
C)  identical 
D)  fraternal

Question 7

Dylan and Derek are identical twins who have similar personalities.Compared with fraternal twins,they are likely to be similar in the traits of

Accepted Answer

A)  openness and agreeableness. 
B)  extraversion and neuroticism. 
C)  introversion and openness. 
D)  agreeableness and conscientiousness. 
A)  openness and agreeableness. 
B)  extraversion and neuroticism. 
C)  introversion and openness. 
D)  agreeableness and conscientiousness.

Question 8

Identical twins are most likely to share a similar prenatal environment if they share the same

Accepted Answer

A)  placenta. 
B)  adaptive capacity. 
C)  temperament. 
D)  uterus. 
A)  placenta. 
B)  adaptive capacity. 
C)  temperament. 
D)  uterus.

Question 9

Adopted children grow up to be

Accepted Answer

A)  more self-giving than average. 
B)  less psychologically disordered than average. 
C)  more extraverted than average. 
D)  less confused about their identity than average. 
A)  more self-giving than average. 
B)  less psychologically disordered than average. 
C)  more extraverted than average. 
D)  less confused about their identity than average.

Question 10

An infant's temperament refers most directly to its

Accepted Answer

A)  ability to learn. 
B)  shared family environment. 
C)  emotional excitability. 
D)  physical health. 
A)  ability to learn. 
B)  shared family environment. 
C)  emotional excitability. 
D)  physical health.

Question 11

The heritability for general intelligence,which refers to how much ________ are due to genes,is roughly ________ percent.

Accepted Answer

A)  epigenetic marks;20 
B)  similarities;35 
C)  molecular behaviors;40 
D)  differences;66 
A)  epigenetic marks;20 
B)  similarities;35 
C)  molecular behaviors;40 
D)  differences;66

Question 12

An organic methyl molecule attached to part of a DNA strand has been identified as a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  genome. 
B)  double helix. 
C)  epigenetic mark. 
D)  self-regulating gene. 
A)  genome. 
B)  double helix. 
C)  epigenetic mark. 
D)  self-regulating gene.

Question 13

Environmental influences on personality traits are most clearly highlighted by comparing

Accepted Answer

A)  identical twins raised together with fraternal twins raised apart. 
B)  identical twins raised together with fraternal twins raised together. 
C)  identical twins raised apart with fraternal twins raised together. 
D)  identical twins raised together with identical twins raised apart. 
A)  identical twins raised together with fraternal twins raised apart. 
B)  identical twins raised together with fraternal twins raised together. 
C)  identical twins raised apart with fraternal twins raised together. 
D)  identical twins raised together with identical twins raised apart.

Question 14

External influences on development such as social support are said to constitute our

Accepted Answer

A)  genome. 
B)  epigenetic marks. 
C)  environment. 
D)  temperament. 
A)  genome. 
B)  epigenetic marks. 
C)  environment. 
D)  temperament.

Question 15

Unlike identical twins,fraternal twins are described as

Accepted Answer

A)  epigenetic. 
B)  dizygotic. 
C)  extraverted. 
D)  monozygotic. 
A)  epigenetic. 
B)  dizygotic. 
C)  extraverted. 
D)  monozygotic.

Question 16

Identical twins have been shown to have some amazing psychological similarities.But we should be cautious about attributing these similarities to shared genes because

Accepted Answer

A)  the twins may have been raised in completely different environments. 
B)  genetic factors influence physical,not psychological,characteristics. 
C)  any two strangers are likely to share many coincidental similarities. 
D)  many fraternal twins have been shown to be psychologically different from each other. 
A)  the twins may have been raised in completely different environments. 
B)  genetic factors influence physical,not psychological,characteristics. 
C)  any two strangers are likely to share many coincidental similarities. 
D)  many fraternal twins have been shown to be psychologically different from each other.

Question 17

The impact of genes on observable traits can vary in different environments.Thus,genes are said to be

Accepted Answer

A)  free-floating. 
B)  dizygotic. 
C)  self-regulating. 
D)  epigenetic. 
A)  free-floating. 
B)  dizygotic. 
C)  self-regulating. 
D)  epigenetic.

Question 18

Assessing the relative effects of nature and nurture on individual differences in personality would be of most direct interest to

Accepted Answer

A)  evolutionary psychologists. 
B)  molecular geneticists. 
C)  behavior geneticists. 
D)  Freudian psychologists. 
A)  evolutionary psychologists. 
B)  molecular geneticists. 
C)  behavior geneticists. 
D)  Freudian psychologists.

Question 19

Chromosomes are threadlike structures made of

Accepted Answer

A)  serotonin molecules. 
B)  epigenetic molecules. 
C)  DNA molecules. 
D)  dizygotic molecules. 
A)  serotonin molecules. 
B)  epigenetic molecules. 
C)  DNA molecules. 
D)  dizygotic molecules.

Question 20

Genetic influences on personality traits are most clearly highlighted by comparing ________ with ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  identical twins raised together;identical twins raised apart 
B)  fraternal twins raised together;identical twins raised apart 
C)  identical twins raised together;fraternal twins raised together 
D)  fraternal twins raised apart;identical twins raised together 
A)  identical twins raised together;identical twins raised apart 
B)  fraternal twins raised together;identical twins raised apart 
C)  identical twins raised together;fraternal twins raised together 
D)  fraternal twins raised apart;identical twins raised together

Exam 10: Adolescence

Zack and Adrien are brothers.Zack is older and is about 2 inches taller than Adrien.What could be a possible explanation for their height difference?

For every three sets of identical twins,one pair is likely to have

The complete set of genetic instructions in an organism's chromosomes is called the

Adoptive parents are most likely to influence the ________ of their adopted children.

Twins who develop from separate fertilized eggs are called ________ twins.

Dylan and Derek are identical twins who have similar personalities.Compared with fraternal twins,they are likely to be similar in the traits of

Identical twins are most likely to share a similar prenatal environment if they share the same

Adopted children grow up to be

An infant's temperament refers most directly to its

The heritability for general intelligence,which refers to how much ________ are due to genes,is roughly ________ percent.

An organic methyl molecule attached to part of a DNA strand has been identified as a(n)

Environmental influences on personality traits are most clearly highlighted by comparing

External influences on development such as social support are said to constitute our

Unlike identical twins,fraternal twins are described as

Identical twins have been shown to have some amazing psychological similarities.But we should be cautious about attributing these similarities to shared genes because

The impact of genes on observable traits can vary in different environments.Thus,genes are said to be

Assessing the relative effects of nature and nurture on individual differences in personality would be of most direct interest to

Chromosomes are threadlike structures made of

Genetic influences on personality traits are most clearly highlighted by comparing ________ with ________.

The History and Scope of Psychology

Thinking Critically with Psychological Science

Research Strategies: How Psychologists Ask and Answer Questions

Neural and Hormonal Systems

The Brain

Behavior Genetics and Evolutionary Psychology

Environmental Influences on Behavior, and Reflections on Nature and Nurture

Prenatal Development and the Newborn

Infancy and Childhood

Adulthood, and Reflections on Developmental Issues

Introduction to Sensation and Perception

Vision

Hearing

Other Senses

Perceptual Organization

Perceptual Interpretation

Waking and Sleeping Rhythms

Hypnosis

Drugs and Consciousness

Classical Conditioning

Operant Conditioning

Learning by Observation

Introduction to Memory

Encoding: Getting Information In

Storage: Retaining Information

Retrieval: Getting Information Out

Forgetting, Memory Construction, and Applying Memory Principles to Your Own Education

Thinking

Language and Thought

Introduction to Intelligence

Assessing Intelligence

Genetic and Environmental Influences on Intelligence

Introduction to Motivation

Hunger

Sexual Motivation and the Need to Belong

Motivation at Work

Introduction to Emotion

Experienced Emotion

Expressed Emotion

Stress and Illness

Coping With Stress

Modifying Illness-Related Behaviors

Psychoanalytic Perspective

Humanistic Perspective

Contemporary Research on Personality

Introduction to Psychological Disorders

Anxiety Disorders

Dissociative and Personality Disorders

Mood Disorders

Schizophrenia

The Psychological Therapies

Evaluating Psychotherapies

The Biomedical Therapies

Social Thinking

Appendix

Filters

The heritability for general intelligence,which refers to how much are due to genes,is roughly percent.

Genetic influences on personality traits are most clearly highlighted by comparing with .