Question 1

In eukaryotes, one of the natural functions of DNA ligase is to

Accepted Answer

A)  join DNA segments that have been cut by restriction enzymes. 
B)  join Okazaki fragments during DNA replication. 
C)  produce many identical copies of a DNA segment. 
D)  produce sticky ends. 
E)  produce blunt ends. 
A)  join DNA segments that have been cut by restriction enzymes. 
B)  join Okazaki fragments during DNA replication. 
C)  produce many identical copies of a DNA segment. 
D)  produce sticky ends. 
E)  produce blunt ends.

Question 2

Suppose one restriction enzyme (enzyme A) makes two cuts in a circular DNA molecule, and another restriction enzyme (enzyme B) makes one cut in that same DNA.The cuts are not in the same place, and the cut fragments are not exactly the same size.The restriction digestion is set up on an electrophoresis gel.How many bands should the gel pick up if both enzymes A and B are used in the restriction digestion?

Accepted Answer

A)  Two 
B)  Three 
C)  Four 
D)  Five 
E)  Six 
A)  Two 
B)  Three 
C)  Four 
D)  Five 
E)  Six

Question 3

The BamHI restriction enzyme has a recognition sequence 5ʹ-GGATCC-3ʹ and makes two cuts within it.Thus, _______ ends should appear when DNA is cut with this enzyme.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The BamHI restriction enzyme has a recognition...

Question 4

Which would be considered recombinant DNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  A DNA molecule that was synthesized in the laboratory from nucleotides 
B)  A DNA molecule, constructed in the laboratory and derived from bacterial, cow, and yeast DNA 
C)  The DNA in a butterfly that is the hybrid of two species that mated in the wild 
D)  The DNA from two different bacterial strains that exchanged genes via horizontal transfer in a pond 
E)  Slightly degraded DNA from a bat found in a cave 
A)  A DNA molecule that was synthesized in the laboratory from nucleotides 
B)  A DNA molecule, constructed in the laboratory and derived from bacterial, cow, and yeast DNA 
C)  The DNA in a butterfly that is the hybrid of two species that mated in the wild 
D)  The DNA from two different bacterial strains that exchanged genes via horizontal transfer in a pond 
E)  Slightly degraded DNA from a bat found in a cave

Question 5

An important vector for the manipulation of plant genes comes from the bacterium Agrobacterium tumefaciens and is called

Accepted Answer

A)  an EcoRI plasmid. 
B)  F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 (lambda) bacteriophage. 
C)  BamHI. 
D)  a Ti plasmid. 
E)  an ori. 
A)  an EcoRI plasmid. 
B)  F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 (lambda) bacteriophage. 
C)  BamHI. 
D)  a Ti plasmid. 
E)  an ori.

Question 6

Which would likely be the worst host for expressing a tomato transgene?

Accepted Answer

A)  Saccharomyces cerevisiae 
B)  E. coli 
C)  A mouse cell line 
D)  A human cell line 
E)  Another plant species 
A)  Saccharomyces cerevisiae 
B)  E. coli 
C)  A mouse cell line 
D)  A human cell line 
E)  Another plant species

Question 7

In one lab, a gene from tomato that encodes for a protein that increases heat tolerance is transformed into a yeast host.In the same lab, a gene from cows that encodes for a protein that produces a milk protein is transformed into a bacterial host.Which would be considered a transgene?

Accepted Answer

A)  Only the tomato gene in the yeast host 
B)  Only the cow gene in the bacterial host 
C)  The tomato gene in its natural tomatoes 
D)  Both the tomato gene in the yeast host and the cow gene in the tomato host 
E)  Both the tomato gene in its natural tomatoes and in the yeast host 
A)  Only the tomato gene in the yeast host 
B)  Only the cow gene in the bacterial host 
C)  The tomato gene in its natural tomatoes 
D)  Both the tomato gene in the yeast host and the cow gene in the tomato host 
E)  Both the tomato gene in its natural tomatoes and in the yeast host

Question 8

Which activity would not be considered a form of biotechnology?

Accepted Answer

A)  Selective breeding to produce cows with greater milk yield 
B)  Pharming 
C)  The use of microbes to produce an antibiotic 
D)  The synthetic production of nylon using organic chemistry techniques 
E)  The use of yeasts to brew beer and wine 
A)  Selective breeding to produce cows with greater milk yield 
B)  Pharming 
C)  The use of microbes to produce an antibiotic 
D)  The synthetic production of nylon using organic chemistry techniques 
E)  The use of yeasts to brew beer and wine

Question 9

What is the advantage of RNAi over antisense RNA in blocking translation?

Accepted Answer

A)  RNAi can be used with DNA chips. 
B)  Only RNAi can be used to test cause-and-effect relationships. 
C)  RNAi is more stable than antisense RNA. 
D)  RNAi is single-stranded and thus easier to produce. 
E)  RNAi blocks transcription. 
A)  RNAi can be used with DNA chips. 
B)  Only RNAi can be used to test cause-and-effect relationships. 
C)  RNAi is more stable than antisense RNA. 
D)  RNAi is single-stranded and thus easier to produce. 
E)  RNAi blocks transcription.

Question 10

Which sequence is least likely to be a palindromic site recognized by a restriction enzyme?

Accepted Answer

A)  5ʹ-GTAC-3ʹ 
B)  5ʹ-AGCT-3ʹ 
C)  5ʹ-AGTACT-3ʹ 
D)  5ʹ-CTGAAG-3ʹ 
E)  5ʹ-TGTACA-3ʹ 
A)  5ʹ-GTAC-3ʹ 
B)  5ʹ-AGCT-3ʹ 
C)  5ʹ-AGTACT-3ʹ 
D)  5ʹ-CTGAAG-3ʹ 
E)  5ʹ-TGTACA-3ʹ

Question 11

Refer to the table showing results from an experiment in which researchers used CRISPR technology to knock out various genes from a fly.They then examined the developmental time (in days, with calculated means) and larval survival (percent, with calculated means) for each treatment.(Note: The "x" marks genes that have been knocked out.)   Do the same genes necessarily affect development time and survival? Explain your answer.

Accepted Answer

No. In this experiment, there is one gen

Question 12

Transgenes from Bacillus thuringiensis are used

Accepted Answer

A)  to improve the vitamin content in crops. 
B)  to produce a pesticide in plants. 
C)  to improve resistance to drought. 
D)  to improve resistance to salt. 
E)  to allow for easier harvesting of crops. 
A)  to improve the vitamin content in crops. 
B)  to produce a pesticide in plants. 
C)  to improve resistance to drought. 
D)  to improve resistance to salt. 
E)  to allow for easier harvesting of crops.

Question 13

cDNA

Accepted Answer

A)  has introns. 
B)  is a good starting point for cloning eukaryotic genes. 
C)  will be the same regardless of which tissue is examined. 
D)  stands for "copied DNA." 
E)  can be converted into mRNA via reverse transcriptase. 
A)  has introns. 
B)  is a good starting point for cloning eukaryotic genes. 
C)  will be the same regardless of which tissue is examined. 
D)  stands for "copied DNA." 
E)  can be converted into mRNA via reverse transcriptase.

Question 14

Which statement regarding recombinant DNA is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  Restriction enzymes can create DNA fragments with "sticky ends." 
B)  A single restriction enzyme can cut DNA sequences at several different recognition sites. 
C)  Restriction enzymes cut DNA at palindromic sequences. 
D)  Restriction enzymes can create DNA fragments with "blunt ends." 
E)  Complementary "sticky ends" can form hydrogen bonds with each other. 
A)  Restriction enzymes can create DNA fragments with "sticky ends." 
B)  A single restriction enzyme can cut DNA sequences at several different recognition sites. 
C)  Restriction enzymes cut DNA at palindromic sequences. 
D)  Restriction enzymes can create DNA fragments with "blunt ends." 
E)  Complementary "sticky ends" can form hydrogen bonds with each other.

Question 15

Which sequence is a palindromic recognition sequence?

Accepted Answer

A)  5ʹ-CAATTG-3ʹ 
B)  5ʹ-CAATAG-3ʹ 
C)  5ʹ-CATTTG-3ʹ 
D)  5ʹ-GATTTC-3ʹ 
E)  5ʹ-CATCAT-3ʹ 
A)  5ʹ-CAATTG-3ʹ 
B)  5ʹ-CAATAG-3ʹ 
C)  5ʹ-CATTTG-3ʹ 
D)  5ʹ-GATTTC-3ʹ 
E)  5ʹ-CATCAT-3ʹ

Question 16

Sequences of a mammal find an association between variants at a SNP in an enzyme and coat color.Biologists do not know whether the coat color differences are actually due to that SNP or are just correlated with the SNP and are instead due to other differences.What would be the most appropriate way to find out whether the association between the SNP and coat color was causal?

Accepted Answer

A)  Use CRISPR technology to alter the expression of the gene. 
B)  Use CRISPR technology to mutate the SNP. 
C)  Use RNAi to alter expression of the gene. 
D)  Use RNAi to mutate the SNP. 
E)  Use antisense RNA to mutate the SNP. 
A)  Use CRISPR technology to alter the expression of the gene. 
B)  Use CRISPR technology to mutate the SNP. 
C)  Use RNAi to alter expression of the gene. 
D)  Use RNAi to mutate the SNP. 
E)  Use antisense RNA to mutate the SNP.

Question 17

A researcher inserts a DNA segment at the BamHI recognition site within a plasmid; this site is located within the ampicillin resistance gene.This plasmid also has a gene for tetracycline resistance.Following DNA transformation, the researcher must differentiate the bacteria that have taken up the recombinant DNA from those that have taken up either the DNA segment only or intact plasmids.In doing so, the researcher should select the bacteria that

Accepted Answer

A)  will grow on tetracycline but are sensitive to ampicillin. 
B)  are sensitive to both antibiotics. 
C)  are resistant to both antibiotics. 
D)  will grow on ampicillin but are sensitive to tetracycline. 
E)  will grow only on an enriched medium. 
A)  will grow on tetracycline but are sensitive to ampicillin. 
B)  are sensitive to both antibiotics. 
C)  are resistant to both antibiotics. 
D)  will grow on ampicillin but are sensitive to tetracycline. 
E)  will grow only on an enriched medium.

Question 18

In which circumstance would microarrays most likely be used?

Accepted Answer

A)  A biologist is interested in determining the effect of a particular SNP of a gene on flowering time of a plant. 
B)  A lab is studying a gene and its effects on mouse behavior; they want to know whether knocking out that gene alters food-seeking behavior. 
C)  A developmental biologist is examining genome-wide patterns of gene expression in different tissues of a fish in response to cold stress. 
D)  An evolutionary biologist is interested in whether genes that are on the X chromosome evolve faster than those that are autosomal. 
E)  A lab wants to make large quantities of a pharmaceutical drug using cows. 
A)  A biologist is interested in determining the effect of a particular SNP of a gene on flowering time of a plant. 
B)  A lab is studying a gene and its effects on mouse behavior; they want to know whether knocking out that gene alters food-seeking behavior. 
C)  A developmental biologist is examining genome-wide patterns of gene expression in different tissues of a fish in response to cold stress. 
D)  An evolutionary biologist is interested in whether genes that are on the X chromosome evolve faster than those that are autosomal. 
E)  A lab wants to make large quantities of a pharmaceutical drug using cows.

Question 19

DNA technology is used in the production of _______ to treat anemia in patients on kidney dialysis.

Accepted Answer

A)  platelet-derived growth factor 
B)  tissue plasminogen activator 
C)  erythropoietin 
D)  factor VIII 
E)  growth hormone 
A)  platelet-derived growth factor 
B)  tissue plasminogen activator 
C)  erythropoietin 
D)  factor VIII 
E)  growth hormone

Question 20

In which host cell types would there most likely be difficulty expressing genes from a human?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cultured mouse 
B)  Bacterial 
C)  Plant 
D)  Yeast 
E)  Cultured rat 
A)  Cultured mouse 
B)  Bacterial 
C)  Plant 
D)  Yeast 
E)  Cultured rat

Exam 18: Recombinant Dna and Biotechnology

In eukaryotes, one of the natural functions of DNA ligase is to

The BamHI restriction enzyme has a recognition sequence 5ʹ-GGATCC-3ʹ and makes two cuts within it.Thus, _______ ends should appear when DNA is cut with this enzyme.

Which would be considered recombinant DNA?

An important vector for the manipulation of plant genes comes from the bacterium Agrobacterium tumefaciens and is called

Which would likely be the worst host for expressing a tomato transgene?

In one lab, a gene from tomato that encodes for a protein that increases heat tolerance is transformed into a yeast host.In the same lab, a gene from cows that encodes for a protein that produces a milk protein is transformed into a bacterial host.Which would be considered a transgene?

Which activity would not be considered a form of biotechnology?

What is the advantage of RNAi over antisense RNA in blocking translation?

Which sequence is least likely to be a palindromic site recognized by a restriction enzyme?

Transgenes from Bacillus thuringiensis are used

cDNA

Which statement regarding recombinant DNA is false?

Which sequence is a palindromic recognition sequence?

In which circumstance would microarrays most likely be used?

DNA technology is used in the production of _______ to treat anemia in patients on kidney dialysis.

In which host cell types would there most likely be difficulty expressing genes from a human?

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