Exam 18: Recombinant Dna and Biotechnology

The DNA sequence 5ʹ-AGCTCA-3ʹ is not a palindromic restriction site.Which mutation, if any, at the A at the 3ʹ end could make this into a restriction site?

A biologist used microarrays to examine how gene expression in a fish changes with temperature.Refer to the table showing the expression levels of four (of several thousand) genes at varying temperatures.Values for expression have been normalized such that the expression at 15°C for any particular gene is always 100. What best describes the pattern shown by gene 789?

Which DNA sequences would most likely be recognized by a restriction enzyme that cuts at a palindrome? (Note: Complementary strands are shown.)

A biologist wants to construct an expression vector using an inducible promoter.Which promoter is an example of an inducible promoter?

Suppose one restriction enzyme (enzyme A) makes three cuts in a circular DNA molecule, and another restriction enzyme (enzyme B) makes one cut in that same DNA.The cuts are not in the same place, and the cut fragments are not exactly the same size.The restriction digestion is set up on an electrophoresis gel.How many bands should the gel pick up if only enzyme A is used in the restriction digestion?

Prior to recombinant DNA technologies, the major difficulty with using the herbicide glyphosate was that it

You are performing a recombinant DNA experiment using a restriction enzyme that makes staggered cuts and using the GFP gene as a reporter.The plasmid DNA gets cut properly, but the different pieces do not rejoin properly.Most likely, you have a defective

Variation at a specific gene is known to affect burrowing behavior in a rodent, but it is not clear which of the nucleotides are responsible for the changes.Which of these techniques would be most relevant for revealing which nucleotides are responsible?

The target sequences of miRNA are _______ to the miRNA.Binding of the miRNA to the target _______ translation of the target.

Biologists examining the plant gene LEAFY's effect on expression patterns of genes overexpressed and underexpressed LEAFY.They then performed microarray analysis to examine the effects of changes of LEAFY expression on the expression of other genes in the genome.Refer to the table showing the results for four different genes with LEAFY underexpressed and overexpressed and the control.The expression levels are normalized such that they are 100 for each gene in control conditions. Which two genes have the most similar patterns of expression?

Biologists examining the plant gene LEAFY's effect on expression patterns of genes overexpressed and underexpressed LEAFY.They then performed microarray analysis to examine the effects of changes of LEAFY expression on the expression of other genes in the genome.The table shows the results for three different genes with LEAFY underexpressed and overexpressed, and the control.(Note: The expression levels are normalized such that they are 100 for each gene in control conditions.) Which pattern is exhibited by gene 2454?

Which technique is most likely to make use of reverse transcriptase?

Refer to the table.A gene might affect the length of bristles of a beetle.Using CRISPR technology, biologists have altered the sequence of this gene at three different nucleotides (765, 2901, and 4576) and have measured the length of bristles (in millimeters, with calculated means).In nature, most beetles have A at position 765, G at position 2901, and A at position 4576 (see beetle 1). A change to T at position _______ will likely decrease the length of bristles.

The spacer sequences in CRISPR technology

The AluI restriction enzyme makes a single cut within the recognition sequence 5′-AGCT-3′.Thus, _______ ends should appear when DNA is cut with this enzyme.

DNA microarrays

One important biotechnology advance is the mass production of the enzyme tissue plasminogen activator (TPA).What is the most likely effect of TPA being expressed constantly?

"Sticky ends" resulting from restriction enzyme treatment

Which statement about pharming is false?

Humans have been using biotechnology for _______ years.